Inhibition of low-density lipoprotein oxidation and up-regulation of low-density lipoprotein receptor in HepG2 cells by tropical plant extracts   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Salleh MN  Runnie I  Roach PD  Mohamed S  Abeywardena MY 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2002,50(13):3693-3697

Twelve edible plant extracts rich in polyphenols were screened for their potential to inhibit oxidation of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) in vitro and to modulate LDL receptor (LDLr) activity in cultured HepG2 cells. The antioxidant activity (inhibition of LDL oxidation) was determined by measuring the formation of conjugated dienes (lag time) and thiobarbituric acid reagent substances (TBARS). Betel leaf (94%), cashew shoot (63%), Japanese mint (52%), semambu leaf (50%), palm frond (41%), sweet potato shoot, chilli fruit, papaya shoot, roselle calyx, and maman showed significantly increased lag time (>55 min, P < 0.05) and inhibition of TBARS formation (P < 0.05) compared to control. LDLr was significantly up-regulated (P < 0.05) by Japanese mint (67%), semambu (51%), cashew (50%), and noni (49%). Except for noni and betel leaf, most plant extracts studied demonstrated a positive association between antioxidant activity and the ability to up-regulate LDL receptor. Findings suggest that reported protective actions of plant polyphenols on lipoprotein metabolism might be exerted at different biochemical mechanisms.  相似文献   

Honey with high levels of antioxidants can provide protection to healthy human subjects   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Schramm DD  Karim M  Schrader HR  Holt RR  Cardetti M  Keen CL 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2003,51(6):1732-1735

Free radicals and reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been implicated in contributing to the processes of aging and disease. Humans protect themselves from these damaging compounds, in part, by absorbing antioxidants from high-antioxidant foods. This report describes the effects of consuming 1.5 g/kg body weight of corn syrup or buckwheat honey on the antioxidant and reducing capacities of plasma in healthy human adults. The corn syrup treatment contained 0.21 +/- 0.06 mg of phenolic antioxidants per gram, and the two buckwheat honey treatments contained 0.79 +/- 0.02 and 1.71 +/- 0.21 mg of phenolic antioxidants per gram. Following consumption of the two honey treatments, plasma total-phenolic content increased (P < 0.05) as did plasma antioxidant and reducing capacities (P < 0.05). These data support the concept that phenolic antioxidants from processed honey are bioavailable, and that they increase antioxidant activity of plasma. It can be speculated that these compounds may augment defenses against oxidative stress and that they might be able to protect humans from oxidative stress. Given that the average sweetener intake by humans is estimated to be in excess of 70 kg per year, the substitution of honey in some foods for traditional sweeteners could result in an enhanced antioxidant defense system in healthy adults.  相似文献   

When is it biological control? A framework of definitions,mechanisms, and classifications     

Stenberg  Johan A.  Sundh  Ingvar  Becher  Paul G.  Björkman  Christer  Dubey  Mukesh  Egan  Paul A.  Friberg  Hanna  Gil  José F.  Jensen  Dan F.  Jonsson  Mattias  Karlsson  Magnus  Khalil  Sammar  Ninkovic  Velemir  Rehermann  Guillermo  Vetukuri  Ramesh R.  Viketoft  Maria 《Journal of pest science》2021,94(3):665-676

Journal of Pest Science - Biological control, or biocontrol, is the exploitation of living agents (incl. viruses) to combat pestilential organisms (incl. pathogens, pests, and weeds) for diverse...  相似文献   

Correction to: When is it biological control? A framework of definitions,mechanisms, and classifications     

Stenberg  Johan A.  Sundh  Ingvar  Becher  Paul G.  Björkman  Christer  Dubey  Mukesh  Egan  Paul A.  Friberg  Hanna  Gil  José F.  Jensen  Dan F.  Jonsson  Mattias  Karlsson  Magnus  Khalil  Sammar  Ninkovic  Velemir  Rehermann  Guillermo  Vetukuri  Ramesh R.  Viketoft  Maria 《Journal of pest science》2021,94(3):677-677

Journal of Pest Science - A correction to this paper has been published: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10340-021-01386-z  相似文献   

Use of waste water for aquaculture: an experimental field study at a sewage-treatment plant, Egypt     

M T Khalil  H A Hussein 《Aquaculture Research》1997,28(11):859-865

The primary and secondary treated waste effluents were successfully used to grow the Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (L.). The growth rate of fish reared in treated waste water was significantly higher than that of fish reared in the natural habitat. Bacterial loads in fish organs were higher in the gills followed by the intestine and the skin and finally the edible muscles. The total aerobic bacterial count was very low (9.3 × 10² g^?1) in the edible muscles of fish grown in secondary-treated effluent and complied with the WHO guidelines (less than 10⁵ g^?1). Salmonella, Shigella and Staphylococcus were completely absent in all fish samples examined. The highest concentrations of heavy metals were found in liver tissues, followed by intestine and gills and then the muscles. Accumulation levels were within the acceptable limits when compared to the international legal standards for hazardous elements in fish and fishery products. In conclusion, chemical and bacterial analyses indicated that there is no evidence of any public health hazard associated with treated waste water reuse in aquaculture. However, the risks, if any, to the fish growers, processors and consumers should be evaluated, specially that related to viral pathogens.  相似文献   

Dietary astaxanthin modulated the performance,gastrointestinal histology,and antioxidant and immune responses and enhanced the resistance of Litopenaeus vannamei against Vibrio harveyi infection     

Eldessouki  Elsayed A. A.  Diab  Amany M.  Selema  Talal A. M. Abo  Sabry  Nader M.  Abotaleb  Mahmoud M.  Khalil  Riad H.  El-Sabbagh  Nasser  Younis  Nehal A.  Abdel-Tawwab  Mohsen 《Aquaculture International》2022,30(4):1869-1887

Aquaculture International - Astaxanthin (AX) is one of the commonly used feed supplements to enhance the growth performance and provide antioxidant and immune functions of several aquatic animals....  相似文献   

Growth and body composition of rohu (Labeo rohita) fed diets containing oilseed meals: partial or total replacement of fish meal with soybean meal   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

M. Afzal Khan  Ahmad Khalil Jafri  Narendra Kumar Chadha  & Nazura Usmani 《Aquaculture Nutrition》2003,9(6):391-396

A 56‐day feeding trial was conducted to evaluate growth, feed utilization and body composition of fingerling rohu, Labeo rohita (4.5 ± 0.2 cm; 2.58 ± 0.04 g), fed five isonitrogenous (350 g kg^?1 crude protein) and isoenergetic (15.7 kJ g^?1 metabolizable energy) diets in which the main protein contributors were: diet I, fish meal (FM); diet II, soybean meal (SBM); diet III, groundnut meal (GNM); diet IV, equal amounts of SBM, GNM and canola meal (CM); diet V, equal amounts of FM, SBM, GNM and CM. Fish were stocked in triplicate groups of 25 fish held in 70 L flow‐through tanks (water volume 55 L) and fed twice daily (0900 and 1700 hrs) to apparent satiation. Fish fed diet I exhibited the highest (P < 0.05) values for live weight gain and specific growth rate (% per day). Feed conversion and protein efficiency ratio were better (P < 0.05) in fish‐fed diets I and II. Fish‐fed diet II exhibited lower (P < 0.05) fat and ash contents in carcass. Based on these findings, a 70‐day trial (Experiment II) was conducted with six diets fed under the same conditions where FM was incrementally replaced with SBM. Fingerling L. rohita (6.7 ± 0.4 cm; 4.07 ± 0.02 g) were used for the study. Crystalline l ‐methionine was added to diets containing more than 250 g kg^?1 SBM. This second study showed no significant (P > 0.05) variation in growth, feed utilization and carcass composition for fish fed the different diets. In conclusion, SBM was more effective than GNM or CM, as FM was replaced in feeds for fingerling L. rohita and could completely replace FM when supplemented with methionine and fortified with minerals under the conditions of this study.  相似文献   

Could EST-based markers be used for the marker-assisted selection of drought tolerant barley (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Hordeum vulgare</Emphasis>) lines?     

Fruzsina?Szira  Andreas?B?rner  Kerstin?Neumann  Khalil?Zaynali?Nezhad  Gábor?Galiba  András?Ferenc?BálintEmail author 《Euphytica》2011,178(3):373-391

To improve our knowledge on the genetic control of drought tolerance, the Oregon Wolfe Barleys (OWB), considered as a reference population in genetic mapping, were subjected to various types of water deficit. Overall, when investigating numerous environments and replications, 40 QTLs were identified in three developmental stages. Based on these loci five QTL clusters were separated, which affect various drought-related traits in at least two developmental stages. Several candidate genes were identified for each QTL cluster using an expressed sequence tag (EST)-based map with high marker density. The putative role of the candidates in drought tolerance is discussed. The phenotypic effect of three of the five candidate genes was also tested on 39 barley landraces and cultivars and a significant relationship was found between the allelic composition of these genes and yield production under stress conditions. This study presents a relevant example of the use of reliable QTL data in the candidate gene approach, while also demonstrating how the results could be practically utilized in marker-assisted selection (MAS).  相似文献   

Metabolic resistance mechanisms to phosalone in the common pistachio psyllid, Agonoscena pistaciae (Hem.: Psyllidae)     

Ali Alizadeh  Khalil Talebi  Vahid Hosseininaveh  Mohammad Ghadamyari 《Pesticide biochemistry and physiology》2011,101(2):59-64

The common pistachio psyllid, Agonoscena pistaciae, is the most damaging pest of pistachio in Iran, and is generally controlled by insecticides belonging to various classes especially, phosalone. The toxicity of phosalone in nine populations of the pest was assayed using the residual contact vial and insect-dip methods. The bioassay results showed significant discrepancy in susceptibility to phosalone among the populations. Resistance ratio of the populations to the susceptible population ranged from 3.3 to 11.3. The synergistic effects of TPP, PBO and DEM were evaluated on the susceptible and the most resistant population to determine the involvement of esterases, mixed function oxidases and glutathione S-transferases in resistance mechanisms, respectively. The level of resistance to phosalone in the resistant population was suppressed by TPP, PBO and DEM, suggesting that the resistance to phosalone is mainly caused by esterase detoxification. Biochemical enzyme assays revealed that esterase, glutathione S-transferase and cytochrome P450 monooxygenase activities in the resistant population was higher than that in the susceptible. Glutathione-S-transferases play a minor role in the resistance of the pest to phosalone.  相似文献   

Emulsifying and foaming properties of ultraviolet-irradiated egg white protein and sodium caseinate     

Kuan YH  Bhat R  Karim AA 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2011,59(8):4111-4118

The physicochemical and functional properties of ultraviolet (UV)-treated egg white protein (EW) and sodium caseinate (SC) were investigated. UV irradiation of the proteins was carried out for 30, 60, 90, and 120 min. However, the SC samples were subjected to extended UV irradiation for 4 and 6 h as no difference was found on the initial UV exposure time. Formol titration, SDS-PAGE, and FTIR analyses indicated that UV irradiation could induce cross-linking on proteins and led to improved emulsifying and foaming properties (P < 0.05). These results indicated that the UV-irradiated EW and SC could be used as novel emulsifier and foaming agents in broad food systems for stabilizing and foaming purposes.  相似文献