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Sibel Dervis Halit Yetisir Hatice Yıldırım Fatih M. Tok Sener Kurt Fatih Karaca 《Phytoparasitica》2009,37(5):467-476
During 2005 to 2007, eggplant fields in 19 provinces from three different regions (western, southern and southeastern Anatolia
regions) of Turkey were surveyed for Verticillium wilt. Sixty-seven isolates of Verticillium dahliae from wilted eggplants were collected and used for vegetative compatibility analysis using nitrate non-utilizing mutants and
reference tester strains of vegetative compatibility groups (VCGs) 1A, 2A, 2B, 3, 4A and 4B. Among all isolates, 33 (12 from
western, 15 from southern and six from southeastern Anatolia) were assigned to VCG2B, 23 (four from western, eight from southern
and 11 from southeastern Anatolia) to VCG2A, six (four from southern, one from western, and one from southeastern Anatolia)
to VCG4B and five (one from western, one from southern and three from southeastern Anatolia) to VCG1A, whereas VCG3 and VCG4A
were not defined among isolates. In order to test if there is a correlation between VCG and pathogenicity in V. dahliae, pathogenicity of 30 isolates, representing the four multimember VCGs, were tested on Solanum melongena cvs. ‘Kemer’ and ‘Aydın Siyahı’ in an unheated greenhouse. All isolates were found to be pathogenic on both cultivars and
there was no difference in susceptibility between the two cultivars. VCG4B isolates collectively led to higher vascular discoloration
index (VDI) on both cultivars and higher disease severity index (DSI) on ‘Kemer’ compared with other VCGs. Similarly, VCG1A
caused lower VDI on both cultivars and lower DSI on ‘Kemer’. Isolates within each of VCGs 1A, 2A and 4B caused similar VDI
on both cultivars. Isolates of VCG2B were found to vary in their VDI values on both cultivars. To the best of our knowledge,
the present study is the first report of natural infections of eggplant by VCG1A. 相似文献
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Panagiota Katikou Cengiz Gokbulut Ali R&#x;za Kosker Mnica Camps Fatih Ozogul 《Marine drugs》2022,20(1)
Tetrodotoxin (TTX) is a crystalline, weakly basic, colorless organic substance and is one of the most potent marine toxins known. Although TTX was first isolated from pufferfish, it has been found in numerous other marine organisms and a few terrestrial species. Moreover, tetrodotoxication is still an important health problem today, as TTX has no known antidote. TTX poisonings were most commonly reported from Japan, Thailand, and China, but today the risk of TTX poisoning is spreading around the world. Recent studies have shown that TTX-containing fish are being found in other regions of the Pacific and in the Indian Ocean, as well as the Mediterranean Sea. This review aims to summarize pertinent information available to date on the structure, origin, distribution, mechanism of action of TTX and analytical methods used for the detection of TTX, as well as on TTX-containing organisms, symptoms of TTX poisoning, and incidence worldwide. 相似文献
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A field study was conducted to determine effects of seasonal deficit irrigation on plant cob, leaf, stem and total fresh yield,
plant height and water use efficiency (WUE) of silage maize for a 2-year period in the semiarid region. In addition, the crop
and pan coefficients k
c and k
p of silage maize were determined in full irrigation conditions. Irrigations were applied when approximately 50% of the usable
soil moisture was consumed in the effective rooting depth at the full irrigation treatment. In deficit irrigation treatments,
irrigations were applied at the rates of 80, 60, 40, 20 and 0% of full irrigation treatment on the same day. Irrigation water
was applied by hose-drawn traveler with a line of sprinklers. Increasing water deficits resulted in a relatively lower cob,
leaf, stem and total fresh yields. The linear relationship between evapotranspiration and total fresh yield were obtained.
Similarly, WUE was the highest in full irrigation conditions and the lowest in continuous stress conditions. According to
the averaged values of 2 years, yield response factor (k
y) was 1.51 for silage maize. When combined values of 2 years, seasonal pan coefficient (k
p) and seasonal crop coefficient (k
c) were determined as 0.84 and as 1.01 for silage maize, respectively. 相似文献
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The study and development of transformation technology with new selection schemes is important for various fundamental studies and for crop trait improvement via genetic engineering. Here we have shown that hygromycin resistance is an effective system for plum genetic transformation. Embryonic axes of mature seeds were co-cultivated with Agrobacterium strain LBA4404 containing the pC1381 plasmid carrying the hygromycin phosphotranferase gene (hpt) and β-glucuronidase (GUS) gene or with strain EHA105 containing the plasmid pC1301 carrying the same marker and reporter genes. The latter strain containing a pC2301 plasmid carrying the neomycin phosphotransferase gene (nptII) gene was used as a control. Infected explants were placed on shoot induction medium containing either 5 mg L−1 hygromycin or 75 mg L−1 kanamycin for selection. Green shoots developed from the explants under hygromycin pressure. These shoots showed continued and vigorous growth and development upon transfer onto fresh hygromycin medium. PCR using hpt sequence primers, and Southern blot analysis using a probe from the hpt gene, confirmed the presence of the transgenes and their stable integration in regenerated plants. Full transgenic plants were obtained in a greenhouse. Hygromycin selection was very effective and no escapes were observed. The study demonstrated that hygromycin resistance can be used as an effective selectable marker for plum transformation. The new system developed here is important and useful for multiple gene transformation in plum. 相似文献
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Effects of endosulfan toxicity on testes and testosterone inhibition, and the effect of Vitamin C were studied in twenty-four male New Zealand White rabbits, divided into four groups, and given during 6 weeks either endosulfan alone, endosulfan and Vitamin C together, Vitamin C alone or the corn oil vehicle for endosulfan alone (control). Serum testosterone concentration decreased in response to endosulfan alone, but concurrent treatment with Vitamin C ameliorated the toxic effect on serum testosterone. The endosulfan regimen caused gross hyperemia and slight hemorrhage in some testes but histopathological findings of severe degeneration and necrosis in testes of some rabbits amplified the evidence of toxicity, as also did the severe apoptotic activity observed in Sertoli and Leydig cells. In contrast, concurrent treatment with Vitamin C significantly ameliorated other aspects of endosulfan toxicity. The findings relate to potential adverse effects of indiscriminate use of pesticides on human and animal fertility. 相似文献
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Yüksel S Yanar M Aksu MI Kopuzlu S Kaban G Sezgin E Oz F 《Tropical animal health and production》2012,44(7):1521-1528
The effects of three finishing systems on carcass composition and other characteristics of meat were studied in 15 young Eastern Anatolian Red bulls in Eastern Turkey. For 93?days, five bulls grazed pasture (P), five grazed the same pasture and were given concentrate supplementation (P + C), and five grazed the same pasture for 93?days, and then for an additional 40?days, they received concentrate in a barn (PF). Carcasses of the P bulls were lighter and leaner than those of the PF animals. Compared with the P carcasses, PF carcasses had a greater percentage of kidney, pelvic, and heart fat (P?相似文献
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Fatih Karadeniz Jung-Ae Kim Byul-Nim Ahn Myeong Sook Kwon Chang-Suk Kong 《Marine drugs》2014,12(10):5132-5147
Bone-related complications are among the highest concerning metabolic diseases in the modern world. Bone fragility and susceptibility to fracture increase with age and diseases like osteoporosis. Elevated adipogenesis in bone results in osteoporosis and loss of bone mass when coupled with lack of osteoblastogenesis. In this study the potential effect of Salicornia herbacea extract against osteoporotic conditions was evaluated. Adipogenesis inhibitory effect of S.
herbacea has been evidenced by decreased lipid accumulation of differentiating cells and expression levels of crucial adipogenesis markers in 3T3-L1 pre-adipocytes. S.
herbacea treatment reduced the lipid accumulation by 25% of the control. In addition, mRNA expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)γ, CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein (C/EBP)α and sterol regulatory element binding protein (SREBP)1c were inhibited by the presence of S. herbacea. Bone formation enhancement effect of S.
herbacea was also confirmed in MC3T3-E1 pre-osteoblasts. The presence of S. herbacea significantly elevated the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity by 120% at a concentration of 100 μg/mL in differentiating osteoblasts. S. herbacea also significantly increased the expression of osteoblastogenesis indicators, ALP, bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-2, osteocalcin and collagen type I (collagen-I). In conclusion, S. herbacea possess potential to be utilized as a source of anti-osteoporotic agent that can inhibit adipogenesis while promoting osteoblastogenesis. 相似文献
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