白屈菜CmFAD2基因的克隆及植物转化载体构建     

赵露  李俊  周新芳  苑雪琪  朱雅静  魏云洁  许永华 《分子植物育种》2020,(6):1876-1882

通过对白屈菜低温应答过程的转录组分析发现膜脂不饱和化相关基因的表达在一定过程中发生变化,脂肪酸去饱和酶基因FAD2在随温度的变化趋势为正"V"型,且表达量变化显著。利用NCBI等在线软件对序列进行相关生物学信息分析,并对白屈菜FAD家族成员FAD2基因的完整开放阅读框(ORF)进行克隆,并命名为CmFAD2。选用克隆载体pMD-19-T,转化大肠杆菌DH5α,测序验证序列正确性及完整性。将目的基因与植物表达载体pRI-201-AN连接构建重组DNA pRI-201-AN-Cm FAD2,电击法转化农杆菌LBA4404,利用菌液PCR法验证成功。该基因可作为药用植物抗寒品种创制的候选基因。  相似文献   

Leaf carbohydrates assimilation and metabolism affect seed yield of rapeseed with different waterlogging tolerance under the interactive effects of nitrogen and waterlogging     

Jie Kuai  Xiaoyong Li  Zhen Li  Yan Xie  Bo Wang  Guangsheng Zhou 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》2020,206(6):823-836

Waterlogging is a main factor causing rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) yield loss, and reasonable nitrogen (N) applications can compensate for this loss. To investigate the effects of N rates on seed yield of waterlogged rapeseed, the waterlogging-tolerant rapeseed variety ZS 9 and sensitive variety GH01 were waterlogged for 0 and 10 days with five leaves at the seedling stage under four N rates (0, 90, 180 and 270 kg/ha). Waterlogging significantly decreased seed yield, while N application can alleviate the yield loss. The yield decrease rate of waterlogged GH01 was greater than that of ZS 9 under the same N rate. During the seedling and bolting stage, the leaf photosynthetic rate (Pn) and ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco) activity increased, while activities of adenosine diphosphate glucose pyrophosphorylase (AGPase), sucrose synthase (SuSy) and sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS) decreased with more N under the same watering conditions. Compared to the plants without waterlogging, the leaf Pn and Rubisco activity, starch and sucrose contents of waterlogged rapeseed decreased at the two stages; activities of AGPase, SuSy and SPS of waterlogged rapeseed decreased at the seedling while increased at the bolting stage for both the two varieties. At the flowering stage, the Pn, the activities of Rubisco, AGPase, SuSy, SPS and contents of sucrose, starch increased with more N application for both ZS 9 and GH01. Compared to the plants without waterlogging, the Pn and Rubisco activity for waterlogged plants of the two varieties increased; the waterlogged plants of tolerant variety had higher activities of AGPase, SuSy and SPS, while those of sensitive variety was significantly lower. However, the decreased starch and sucrose content were found in both tolerant and sensitive varieties. The activities of AGPase, SuSy and SPS at flowering were highly positively correlated with yield under the interactive effects of N and waterlogging. These results suggested that the flowering stage is the most important stage that N had the positive regulation on waterlogged rapeseed growth. The carbohydrates translocation from leaves to seeds of the tolerant variety were enhanced after waterlogging, while that of the sensitive variety was still inhibited. This was the main reason for the difference in yield between the two waterlogged varieties.  相似文献   

11个葡萄品种在乐山地区的花芽分化规律     

张顺英  周勇  刘忠  钟倩  周世彬 《落叶果树》2020,52(3):18-21

研究了11个葡萄品种3年生树在四川乐山地区避雨栽培条件下的花芽分化表现。结果表明,结果母枝的花芽分化率,魏可、维多利亚、黑芭拉多、金手指、金优2号和巨玫瑰6个品种的都高于50%,较易形成花芽;户太8号、巨峰、夏黑的在43%~48%;美人指和红指较难形成花芽。结果母枝不同节位的花芽分化率,多数品种在第3节位≥50%;结果枝上花穗着生节位在第3.8~4.9节,其中双花率以巨玫瑰、巨峰和户太8号较高,分别为83.45%、73.61%和73.06%。以结果母枝的花芽分化率≥50%节位作为冬剪的最低节位,则金优2号、户太8号、巨玫瑰、金手指、维多利亚5个品种在第3~4节,黑芭拉多和巨峰2个品种在第2~3节,魏可在1~2节。夏黑表现花芽分化率较低,为43.33%,可能与夏黑不耐弱光有关,设施栽培时应加强透光性。  相似文献   

中国竹类多样性及其重要价值   总被引：5，自引：5，他引：0  

史军义  周德群  马丽莎  姚俊  张德模 《世界竹藤通讯》2020,18(3):55

竹类属于禾本科Gramineae（Poaceae）、竹亚科Bambusoideae植物，全世界约1 500多种。中国竹类的自然分布广阔，横跨热带、亚热带和温带地区，涵盖包括台湾、香港在内的21个有竹子分布的省、自治区、直辖市和特区。中国是世界上竹类多样性最丰富的国家，也是世界上栽培竹类最丰富的国家，共有竹类植物753种（含22种引进种），约占世界总数的50%以上。同时，中国竹类在起源、遗传进化、内部构造、生态及林型等方面均具有十分丰富的多样性。中国竹类从宏观到微观所展现出的多样性特质，是大自然留给人类的宝贵遗产，对于人类认识自然、保护自然、从而更好的利用竹类资源服务于人类的长远利益，具有重要价值。文章从起源、生态、林型、物种、形态、遗传等方面概述了中国竹类的多样性，为进一步探讨竹类多样性提供基础信息。  相似文献   

正交设计优化青蒿SRAP-PCR反应体系及引物筛选     

石紫薇  梁妍  姜婷婷  梁剑平  贾宁  辛志君  陆锡宏  周翔  李雪虎 《分子植物育种》2020,(10):3303-3310

为了建立青蒿的SRAP最佳扩增体系,并筛选出SRAP多态性引物,本研究以青蒿叶片DNA为模板,采用正交试验设计,以Mg^2+、dNTP Mix、Taq DNA聚合酶、引物和DNA模板5种因素5个水平,对青蒿SRAP反应体系进行研究。结果表明,青蒿SRAP-PCR最佳反应体系为:引物0.6μmol/L、Mg^2+2.0 mmol/L、模板DNA 5.1 ng、Taq DNA聚合酶2.0 U、dNTPs 0.25 mmol/L,总体积为25μL。各因素对扩增反应均有不同影响,其中引物浓度的影响最大,dNTPs的影响最小。运用该体系对不同种质资源的青蒿进行验证,证明该体系稳定可靠,并在30个引物组合中筛选出了25对扩增条带清晰,多态性丰富的引物组合。这一结论为今后利用SRAP标记技术进行青蒿分子遗传学研究提供了科学依据。  相似文献   

Effect of nitrogen root zone fertilization on rice yield,uptake and utilization of macronutrient in lower reaches of Yangtze River,China   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Xiaowei Liu  Huoyan Wang  Jianmin Zhou  Zhaoming Chen  Dianjun Lu  Dejin Zhu  Pingliang Deng 《Paddy and Water Environment》2017,15(3):625-638

Improper application of nitrogen (N) has led to high N losses and low N use efficiency in the lower reaches of Yangtze River in China. An effective method to solve such problems is the deep fertilized N in root zone (RZF). Limited information is available on the effect of RZF on the uptake of macronutrients (N, P and K) and rice yield. Field experiments, conducted from 2014 to 2015, compared the farmer fertilizer practice (FFP, with 225 kg ha^?1 of N, split into three doses) and RZF using the same rate but placing N 5 cm away from rice roots in holes 10 cm deep (RZF10) or 5 cm deep (RZF5) as a single application. The highest mean yield (10.0 t ha^?1) was obtained in RZF10, which was 19.5% more than that in FFP. Root zone fertilization of urea (whether 10 cm deep or 5 cm deep) resulted in greater accumulation of N, P and K in stem, leaf sheaths, leaf blades and grains compared to that in FFP in sandy and in loam soils. The uptake of N, P and K was the highest in RZF10 (average at 176.7, 66.2 and 179.1 kg ha^?1, respectively), higher than that in FFP by 45.0, 17.0 and 22.6%, respectively. N apparent recovery efficiency was markedly higher in RZF10 (53.1%) than in FFP (27.5%). RZF10 significantly increased the N, P, K uptake compared with FFP under different N rates in both sandy and loam soils. These results suggest that the N, P and K input amount should be re-determined under RZF.  相似文献   

自然保护地环境教育实践与研究现状     

梦梦  刘鑫  赵英男  周学红 《世界林业研究》2020,33(2):31-36

环境教育是多学科融合的激发人们环境保护意识、培养正确环境价值观的教育。国际上自然保护地环境教育研究主要集中在环境教育内容和形式、环境教育效果评价及其影响因素分析、环境教育监测和法律体系完善等领域。在实践方面，环境教育内容和形式不断丰富，出现相对多样化的环境教育模式和较为健全的环境教育评价与法治管理体系。典型的有美国黄石公园设置的少年巡逻员岗位项目、英国的野外环境教育培训基地和日本的生态自然体验露营地等。我国自然保护地环境教育研究关注了国外相关理论与实践，侧重于从宏观层面对我国环境教育提出原则性、策略性的建议等。文中在分析国际自然保护地环境教育研究与实践的基础上，结合我国自然保护地环境教育现状及存在的问题，提出了完善环境教育内容和形式、建立健全环境教育评价和法律体系等发展建议。  相似文献   

浅谈楼房养猪除臭技术设计与应用   总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1  

朱望武  韩雪超  蒋瑞文  雷杨  甘艺知  周少杰 《猪业科学》2020,37(7):54-57

楼房养猪相较于传统平房养猪,占用面积更小,可节省用地60%以上。楼房养猪同时方便集中管理,易于采光通风和保暖;但是楼房养猪也有明显的缺点,相较于传统的平房养猪,楼房养猪作为集约化、规模化、现代化养猪的集中表现模式,建造及运营维护成本相对较高,消毒及防疫工作较为困难。高楼环境易于通风的同时,猪舍的污染问题也更加突出。猪舍给空气带来的污染不仅会影响猪舍内外的空气质量,同时还会影响猪只的繁殖、生长和发育,并将会对养殖人员与附近居民的身体健康产生重要影响。所以,必须采取相应完善的系统科学措施,处理楼房养猪中的空气除臭问题,保证生猪生活环境的清洁。文章通过结合平房养猪以及楼房养猪的特点,浅谈一下楼房养猪的除臭技术的设计与应用。  相似文献   

社会林业与五指山的自然保护   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

周燕华  包焱 《热带林业》2001,29(2):73-80

五指山自然保护区是世界上现存地势最高的原始热带雨林之一，是我省目前面积最大的自然保护区，也是海南三大河流的发源地。但由于保护区横跨琼中、通什、保亭三县、市，紧邻保护区还生存着众多贫困的黎、苗族村民。因此，保护区与周边社区的联系是十分紧密的，社区的发展也直接影响到五指山热带天然林的保护。海南省林业局中德海南热带林保护和恢复项目在社会林业与五指山森林的保护上做出了有益的尝试，就在全省来说，也是首次对社会林业与森林保护上进行的探索。五指山地区社会林业的研究，对保护海南热带雨林也有着积极的意义。特对社会林业与五指山的森林保护进行了阐述、分析和设想。  相似文献   

高维Moebius变换的分类及类型判别     

周展 《湖南农业大学学报(自然科学版)》1990,17(1)

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