Feasibility of breeding male-sterile populations for use in developing interpopulation hybrids of pearl millet     

K. N. Rai  D. J. Andrews  A. S. Rao 《Plant Breeding》2000,119(4):335-339

Inter‐population hybrids of pearl millet, Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br., have a substantial grain yield advantage over open‐pollinated varieties that makes them an appropriate and economically viable proposition for many African agricultural situations, provided that stable male‐sterile populations can be developed for use as seed parents. The objective of this research was to examine the feasibility of breeding stable male‐sterile populations, using the d₂ dwarf version of Nigerian Composite NCD₂ and the A₄ cytoplasmic‐nuclear male sterility system as a test case. Results showed that two cycles of recurrent selection for sterility maintenance ability led to the development of a fully effective maintainer version of NCD₂. There was no significant difference between the original C₀ cycle bulk and the C₃ cycle bulk (developed from the third and final cycle of recurrent selection) for grain yield and other agronomic traits. The male‐sterile population at the third backcross stage, developed from the maintainer version of NCD₂, had as high a level of stable male sterility as the A¹ system commercial inbred male‐sterile line 841A₁. Thus, it is concluded that with the use of the A₄ cytoplasmic male‐sterile system, it would be possible rapidly to develop a maintainer version of any population without detrimental effects on grain yield and agronomic traits. Male sterility of populations developed from these maintainers will be highly stable, paving the way for their effective utilization as seed parents in breeding inter‐population hybrids.  相似文献   

Inheritance of foliar blast resistance in pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum)     

Shashi K. Gupta  Rajan Sharma  Kedar N. Rai  Ram P. Thakur 《Plant Breeding》2012,131(1):217-219

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Protective effect of Piper longum fruit ethanolic extract on radiation induced damages in mice: a preliminary study     

Sunila ES  Kuttan G 《Fitoterapia》2005,76(7-8):649-655

The radioprotective property of an ethanolic extract of Piper longum fruits (EEPLF) was investigated in Swiss mice. The white blood cell (WBC) count in irradiated control mice was drastically reduced to 1900 cells/mm3 on third day but in treated animals the count was 2783.3 cells/mm3. The number of bone marrow cells and alpha-esterase positive cells was also enhanced by the EEPLF administration (16.7 x 10(6) cells/femur and 946.5/4000 cells, respectively) when compared to the radiation exposed control animals (12.2 x 10(6) cells/femur and 693.5/4000 cells, respectively). EEPLF reduced the elevated levels of glutathione pyruvate transaminase (GPT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and lipid peroxidation (LPO) in liver and serum of radiation treated animals. The extract administration also increased the reduced glutathione (GSH) production to offer the radioprotection.  相似文献   

Factors influencing in vivo and in vitro micrografting of sandalwood (Santalum album L.): an endangered tree species     

Sanjaya  Bagyalakshmi Muthan  Thrilok Singh Rathore  Vittal Ravishankar Rai 《Journal of Forest Research》2006,11(3):147-151

In vivo micrografting of Santalum album was achieved (50%) by grafting 4- to 5-cm-long scions, collected from a candidate plus tree (CPT) of 50–60 years of age, onto 90-day-old nursery-grown rootstock. Scion size, rootstock age, and scion collection season were found to influence graft success. Grafted plants were incubated under greenhouse conditions for 6–8 weeks during the graft union process. In vitro micrografts were achieved by placing 1- to 2-cm-long scions derived from nodal shoot segments (collected from CPT) onto the hypocotyl of 45-day-old in vitro rootstocks. Use of in vitro grown shoots as a source of scion gave better graft success (60%) than scions collected directly from field-grown trees. In vitro grafting was also influenced by scion size and rootstock age. Under favorable conditions, scions and hypocotyls unite to form complete plants that produced two to four leaves after 6–8 weeks. This is the first report on in vivo and in vitro micrografting of S. album having potential for production of disease-free clonal plants for conservation and improvement targets.  相似文献   

Divergent evolution of wild and cultivated subspecies of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Triticum timopheevii</Emphasis> as revealed by the study of <Emphasis Type="Italic">PolA1</Emphasis> gene     

Hiroko Takahashi  Bhuwan Rai  Kenji Kato  Ikuo Nakamura 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2010,57(1):101-109

Triticum timopheevii (genome symbol AAGG) comprises two subspecies, cultivated ssp. timopheevii, and wild ssp. armeniacum. These two subspecies are considered as allotetraploids of AA genome from Triticum diploid species and SS genome from Aegilops species. The difference in genome symbol (G vs. S) is due to wide genetic variations among four SS genome species, Ae. bicornis, Ae. longissima, Ae. searsii, and Ae. speltoides. In order to study the origin of T. timopheevii, we compared 19th intron (PI19) sequence of the PolA1 gene, encoding the largest subunit of RNA polymerase I. Two different sized DNA fragments containing PI19 sequences (PI19A and PI19G) were amplified both in ssp. timopheevii and ssp. armeniacum. Shorter PI19A (112 bp) sequences of both subspecies were identical to PI19 sequences of two AA species, T. monococcum and T. urartu. Interestingly, the longer PI19G (241–243 bp) sequences of ssp. armeniacum showed more similarity to PI19 sequences of Ae. speltoides whereas ssp. timopheevii showed more similarity to PI19 sequences of other three SS genome species. The results indicated that two subspecies of T. timopheevii, ssp. armeniacum or ssp. timopheevii, might have arisen independently by allotetraploidization of AA genome with Ae. speltoides or one of the remaining three Aegilops species, respectively.  相似文献   

Validation of SCAR markers,diversity analysis of male sterile (S-) cytoplasms and isolation of an alloplasmic S-cytoplasm in Capsicum     

Rajesh Kumar  Sanjay Kumar  Neeraj Dwivedi  Sanjeet Kumar  Ashutosh Rai  Major Singh  Dasrath Singh Yadav  Mathura Rai 《Scientia Horticulturae》2009

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Pharmacokinetics, bioavailability and dosage regimen of sulphadimidine in camels (Camelus dromedarius) under hot, arid environmental conditions     

Kumar R  Singh AP  Rai AK 《Veterinary research》1999,30(1):39-47

A two-way crossover study was conducted in young Bikaneri camels (aged between 12 and 18 months) during the hot summer season to determine the bioavailability, pharmacokinetics and dosage regimens of sulphadimidine (SDM). A dose of 100 mg.kg-1 of SDM was used to study both the intravenous and oral pharmacokinetics of the drug. Analysis of the intravenous data according to a two-compartment pharmacokinetic model revealed that SDM was well distributed in the body (Vd(area):0.862 L.kg-1), had an overall body clearance of 0.035 +/- 0.019 L.h-1.kg-1 and the elimination of half-lives was in the range of 14.2 to 20.6 h. The mean maximum plasma SDM concentration following oral administration was 63.23 +/- 2.33 micrograms.mL-1, which was achieved 24 h after the oral administration. The mean bioavailability of SDM following oral administration was approximately 100%. To achieve and maintain the therapeutically satisfactory plasma sulphadimidine levels of > or = 50 micrograms.mL-1, the optimum dosage regimen for camels following either intravenous or oral administration would be 110 mg.kg-1 as the priming dose and 69 mg.kg-1 as the maintenance dose, to be repeated at 24 h intervals.  相似文献   

Immunogenic and antigenic properties of recombinant soluble glycoprotein of rabies virus   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Gupta PK  Sharma S  Walunj SS  Chaturvedi VK  Raut AA  Patial S  Rai A  Pandey KD  Saini M 《Veterinary microbiology》2005,108(3-4):207-214

Rabies virus glycoprotein is a type I transmembrane protein exposed on the surface on the mature virus particle that induces virus neutralizing antibodies. In the present study, 60 amino acid C-terminal hydrophobic anchor (transmembrane) and cytoplasmic domains of glycoprotein were deleted from full-length glycoprotein and fused with polyhistidine tag. The N-terminal viral signal peptide was also replaced with CD33 signal peptide for efficient secretion in mammalian cells. Following transfection of Madin Darby bovine kidney (MDBK) cells with plasmid encoding this soluble form of glycoprotein, polyclonal populations of stably transfected resistant cells were obtained after G418 selection. The protein was expressed as a glycosylated protein and secreted outside the cells utilizing N-terminal CD33 signal peptide. The secreted soluble glycoprotein was purified from cell culture supernatant by Ni--agarose affinity chromatography utilizing C-terminal polyhistidine tag. Like full-length glycoprotein, the expressed recombinant soluble glycoprotein was found to be immunogenic when injected in rabbits. In this study, we have assessed the potential of recombinant soluble glycoprotein as diagnostic antigen in ELISA and found that this recombinant protein can be used as diagnostic antigen in ELISA for detecting anti-glycoprotein antibodies in immunized host.  相似文献   

Pneumococcal antigen detection in cerebrospinal fluid: a comparative study on counter immunoelectrophoresis,latex agglutination and coagglutination     

Rai GP  Zachariah K  Sharma R  Phadke S  Belapurkar KM 《Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases》2003,26(4):261-267

The sensitivity, specificity, accuracy and predictive values of counter immunoelectrophoresis (CIE), latex agglutination (LA) and coagglutination (CoAg) tests were compared for detection of pneumococcal antigen in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of patients suspected of meningitis. A total of 95 CSF samples comprising 15 culture proven, 47 clinically suspected but culture negative cases of meningitis and 33 controls were screened by above tests. Among three tests, LA was found to have high sensitivity and moderately high negative predictive value than CIE and CoAg tests. However, CIE had slightly better specificity than LA and CoAg tests. Accuracywise CIE and LA tests were comparable than CoAg test. CIE and LA tests had high positive predictive value than CoAg test.  相似文献   

Identification of host plant resistance to pepper leaf curl virus in chilli (Capsicum species)     

Sanjay Kumar  Sanjeet Kumar  Major Singh  Ashok Kumar Singh  Mathura Rai 《Scientia Horticulturae》2006,110(4):359-361

Three hundred and seven genotypes belonging to four cultivated and one wild species of Capsicum were screened against pepper leaf curl virus (PepLCV) causing devastating leaf curl disease of chilli (Capsicum annuum). Initial screening was done under field conditions based on coefficient of infection (CI), disease reaction to each genotype was assigned. Subsequently, selfed progenies of eight symptom-less and highly resistant lines were challenged by viruliferous white fly under glasshouse conditions, out of which only three genotypes, viz. GKC-29, BS-35 and EC-497636 showed no symptom. Using scion and root stalk of susceptible genotype (Pusa Jwala), these three putative symptom-less genotypes were further challenged by grafting and alternate grafting. The resistant reactions of GKC-29, BS-35, EC-497636 were confirmed because even after 50 days of successful grafting/alternate grafting, no viral symptom appeared on all the grafted plants of these genotypes. When subjected to PCR amplification with degenerate primers deigned to detect gemnivirus like PepLCV, the three symptom-less genotypes did not show any amplification, suggesting that the resistant reaction in three identified symptom-less resistant sources was because of the absence of viral genome and they are not symptom-less carrier.  相似文献