Evaluation of rice–legume–rice cropping system on grain yield,nutrient uptake,nitrogen fixation,and chemical,physical, and biological properties of soil     

Dwipendra Thakuria  Narayan C. Talukdar  Chandan Goswami  Samarendra Hazarika  Mohan C. Kalita  Gary D. Bending 《Biology and Fertility of Soils》2009,45(3):237-251

To achieve higher yields and better soil quality under rice–legume–rice (RLR) rotation in a rainfed production system, we formulated integrated nutrient management (INM) comprised of Azospirillum (Azo), Rhizobium (Rh), and phosphate-solubilizing bacteria (PSB) with phosphate rock (PR), compost, and muriate of potash (MOP). Performance of bacterial bioinoculants was evaluated by determining grain yield, nitrogenase activity, uptake and balance of N, P, and Zn, changes in water stability and distribution of soil aggregates, soil organic C and pH, fungal/bacterial biomass C ratio, casting activities of earthworms, and bacterial community composition using denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) fingerprinting. The performance comparison was made against the prevailing farmers’ nutrient management practices [N/P₂O₅/K₂O at 40:20:20 kg ha⁻¹ for rice and 20:30:20 kg ha⁻¹ for legume as urea/single super-phosphate/MOP (urea/SSP/MOP)]. Cumulative grain yields of crops increased by 7–16% per RLR rotation and removal of N and P by six crops of 2 years rotation increased significantly (P < 0.05) in bacterial bioinoculants-based INM plots over that in compost alone or urea/SSP/MOP plots. Apparent loss of soil total N and P at 0–15 cm soil depth was minimum and apparent N gain at 15–30 cm depth was maximum in Azo/Rh plus PSB dual INM plots. Zinc uptake by rice crop and diethylenetriaminepentaacetate-extractable Zn content in soil increased significantly (P < 0.05) in bacterial bioinoculants-based INM plots compared to other nutrient management plots. Total organic C content in soil declined at 0–15 cm depth and increased at 15–30 cm depth in all nutrient management plots after a 2-year crop cycle; however, bacterial bioinoculants-based INM plots showed minimum loss and maximum gain of total organic C content in the corresponding soil depths. Water-stable aggregation and distribution of soil aggregates in 53–250- and 250–2,000 μm classes increased significantly (P < 0.05) in bacterial bioinoculants-based INM plots compared to other nutrient management plots. Fungal/bacterial biomass C ratio seems to be a more reliable indicator of C and N dynamics in acidic soils than total microbial biomass C. Compost alone or Azo/Rh plus PSB dual INM plots showed significantly (P < 0.05) higher numbers of earthworms’ casts compared to urea/SSP/MOP alone and bacterial bioinoculants with urea or SSP-applied plots. Hierarchical cluster analysis based on similarity matrix of DGGE profiles revealed changes in bacterial community composition in soils due to differences in nutrient management, and these changes were seen to occur according to the states of C and N dynamics in acidic soil under RLR rotation.  相似文献   

Improving oil quality by altering levels of fatty acids through marker-assisted selection of <Emphasis Type="Italic">ahfad2</Emphasis> alleles in peanut (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Arachis hypogaea</Emphasis> L.)     

Sandip K. Bera  Jignesh H. Kamdar  Swati V. Kasundra  Pitabas Dash  Anil K. Maurya  Mital D. Jasani  Ajay B. Chandrashekar  N. Manivannan  R. P. Vasanthi  K. L. Dobariya  Manish K. Pandey  Pasupuleti Janila  T. Radhakrishnan  Rajeev K. Varshney 《Euphytica》2018,214(9):162

Peanut plays a key role to the livelihood of millions in the world especially in Arid and Semi-Arid regions. Peanut with high oleic acid content aids to increase shelf-life of peanut oil as well as food products and extends major health benefits to the consumers. In peanut, ahFAD2 gene controls quantity of two major fatty acids viz, oleic and linoleic acids. These two fatty acids together with palmitic acid constitute 90% fat composition in peanut and regulate the quality of peanut oil. Here, two ahfad2 alleles from SunOleic 95R were introgressed into ICGV 05141 using marker-assisted selection. Marker-assisted breeding effectively increased oleic acid and oleic to linoleic acid ratio in recombinant lines up to 44% and 30%, respectively as compared to ICGV 05141. In addition to improved oil quality, the recombinant lines also had superiority in pod yield together with desired pod/seed attributes. Realizing the health benefits and ever increasing demand in domestic and international market, the high oleic peanut recombinant lines will certainly boost the economical benefits to the Indian farmers in addition to ensuring availability of high oleic peanuts to the traders and industry.  相似文献   

Differential efficacy of levamisole and oxfendazole against resistant male and female Trichostrongylus colubriformis     

K M Dash 《The Veterinary record》1985,117(19):502-503

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Pseudomonas pneumonia in calves     

B M Prasad  C P Srivastava  K G Narayan  A K Prasad 《Acta veterinaria Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae》1967,17(4):363-369

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An Outbreak of Salmonella enteritidis Infection in Pygmy Hogs (Sus salvanius)     

Rahman H  Chakraborty A  Deka PJ  Narayan G  Prager R 《Tropical animal health and production》2001,33(2):95-102

An outbreak of salmonellosis was recorded in captive pygmy hogs (Sus salvanius), a critically endangered species of mammal. Of 42 captive animals maintained for conservation breeding by the Pygmy Hog Conservation Programme, Guwahati, Assam, India, 7 (16.67%) died within 3 days. The organism associated with this outbreak was identified as Salmonella enteritidis. The organisms were highly susceptible to chloramphenicol, gentamicin, norfloxacin and cefotaxim but were resistant to ampicillin, oxytetracycline, mezlocillin and sulfamerazin. The strain belonged to phage type 13a/7 and harboured two plasmids (38 and 44 megadaltons). The organisms were enterotoxigenic in CHO cell assay and were found to carry stn, sef and pef genes.  相似文献   

Enhanced Lipid Peroxide Levels in the Erythrocytes of Calves with Haemoglobinuria     

Sahoo A  Patra RC  Pathak NN  Dwivedi SK  Dash PK 《Veterinary research communications》2001,25(1):55-59

Eight 6–9 month old calves, showing clinical signs of intermittent haemoglobinuria, even after treatment with an antipiroplasmal drug (4,4-diamidinodiazoaminobenzene diaceturate), were examined for oxidative damage to their erythrocytes and the presence of hemoprotozoa in blood smears. Four calves without signs of haemoglobinuria served as controls. The blood smears from three of the eight calves contained piroplasms for Theileria annulata. Irrespective of the presence of piroplasms in their blood smears, the calves with haemoglobinuria had significantly (p<0.01) lower haemoglobin concentrations (Hb) and packed cell volumes (PCV). The lipid peroxide level in the erythrocytes, but not in the plasma, of calves with red urine was significantly (p<0.05) higher than that for the controls. It is concluded that haemoglobinuria, irrespective of the presence of piroplasms in blood smears, is associated with oxidative stress to erythrocytes and peroxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids of cell membrane.  相似文献   

Effects of different rates of inbreeding on the body weight and rate of gain of Japanese quail.     

A D Narayan 《British poultry science》1976,17(3):303-311

1. The effect of regular full-sib and double first cousin mating on body weight and rate of gain over six generations of Japanese quail was determined. 2. The depression of characters was more pronounced in the full-sib than in the double first cousin mating system, the relative depression due to parental inbreeding and offspring inbreeding depending on the magnitude of parental effect and individual's own genotypic effect on the character. 3. The body weight and rate of gain taken at an early age showed greater depression due to parental inbreeding whereas that taken near sexual maturity was depressed mainly due to individual's own inbreeding.  相似文献   

Visna-maedi-like disease associated with an ovine retrovirus infection in a Corriedale sheep   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

W D Sheffield  O Narayan  J D Strandberg  R J Adams 《Veterinary pathology》1980,17(5):544-552

A visna-maedi-like disease was found in a Corriedale sheep from which a retrovirus sharing the group antigen of visna-progressive pneumonia virus was isolated from lung, brain, and spleen. Clinically, the sheep had acute neurologic signs and dyspnea. Pathologic examination showed lesions similar to both visna and maedi. In the lung, there was a patchy interstitial pneumonia with marked lymphoid hyperplasia. Changes in the central nervous system were necrotizing nonsuppurative encephalitis of the brain stem, poliomyelitis of the cervical cord, and ependymitis and subependymal gliosis of the ventricles. Histologically, the central nervous system lesions seemed to have arisen sequentially, perhaps in response to bursts of virus replication as the agent underwent possible antigenic mutation. The severe lesions in both the central nervous system and lungs suggested a virus strain with dual tropism.  相似文献   

Insect growth regulators as agents to control the Florida wax scale,Ceroplastes floridensis Comst. (Hom., Coccidae)     

Dr. A. A. Eisa  M. A. El Fatah  A. El Nabawi  A. A. El Dash 《Journal of pest science》1991,64(1):16-18

The effect of 5 insect growth regulators (IGRs): 3 juvenile hormone analogues (JHAs), fenoxycarb, CGA 29-170 and Pro-Drone and two moult inhibiting compunds, Dawco 439 and R-20458 in addition to the organophosphate isoxathion was evaluated on the Florida wax scale. Treatment with 100 ppm induced good reduction in the population when the compounds were applied to the first generation. The effect extended to the following generation up to 8 months posttreatment and the juvenile hormone analogues showed superior effect over the moult inhibiting compounds and also the organophosphate. The influence of the IGRs on the oviposition was clearly obvious with both the JHA, fenoxycarb and the IGR, Dawco 439 since they completly prevented the scale maturity and oviposition.  相似文献   

4th International Course on Fodder Tree Legumes—Multipurpose Species for Agriculture Queensland,Australia November/December 1996     

Narayan G. Hedge 《Agroforestry Systems》1995,30(3):385-385

Announcement

4th International Course on Fodder Tree Legumes—Multipurpose Species for Agriculture Queensland, Australia November/December 1996  相似文献