Production and characterization of monoclonal antibodies against formalin-inactivated Nipah virus isolated from the lungs of a pig     

Imada T  Abdul Rahman MA  Kashiwazaki Y  Tanimura N  Syed Hassan S  Jamaluddin A 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2004,66(1):81-83

Eight clones of monoclonal antibodies (Mabs) to Nipah virus (NV) were produced against formalin-inactivated NV antigens. They reacted positive by indirect immunofluorescent antibody test, and one of them also demonstrated virus neutralizing activity. They were classified into six different types based on their biological properties. These Mabs will be useful for immunodiagnosis of NV infections in animals and further research studies involving the genomes and proteins of NV.  相似文献   

Transboundary animal diseases in pakistan     

Zahur AB  Irshad H  Hussain M  Anjum R  Khan MQ 《Journal of veterinary medicine. B, Infectious diseases and veterinary public health》2006,53(Z1):19-22

Transboundary animal diseases (TADs) are highly contagious and have the potential to spread very rapidly irrespective of the national borders, causing serious economic losses. These diseases cause high morbidity and mortality in susceptible animal populations. Furthermore, the extent of their consequences may significantly affect the food security and national economics. In Pakistan, the main TADs include rinderpest, peste des petits ruminants, foot and mouth disease and avian influenza. In the present paper the status of these diseases in Pakistan is discussed.  相似文献   

Mapping of tms8 gene for temperature‐sensitive genic male sterility (TGMS) in rice (Oryza sativa L.)     

Appibhai J. Hussain  Jauhar Ali  Ebrahimali A. Siddiq  Vidya S. Gupta  Umesh K. Reddy  Prabhakar K. Ranjekar 《Plant Breeding》2012,131(1):42-47

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Mineral bioavailability in grains of Pakistani bread wheat declines from old to current cultivars     

Shahid Hussain  Muhammad Aamer Maqsood  Zed Rengel  Muhammad Khawar Khan 《Euphytica》2012,186(1):153-163

Estimating variation in grain mineral concentration and bioavailability in relation to grain yield and the year of cultivar release is important for breeding wheat with increased content of bioavailable minerals. The grain yield and yield components, grain phytate concentration, and concentration and bioavailability of minerals (zinc Zn, iron Fe and calcium Ca) in wheat grains were estimated in 40 wheat cultivars released in Punjab (Pakistan) during the last five decades. Mean grain Zn and Ca concentrations in current-cultivars were significantly lower (≥14%) than in obsolete cultivars released during the Green Revolution (1965–1976). Much of this variation was related to increased grain weight in current-cultivars. There was a positive correlation among minerals (r = 0.39 or higher, n = 40) and minerals with phytate in wheat grains (r = 0.38 or higher, n = 40). The tested cultivars varied widely in grain yield and grain phytate-to-mineral molar ratios (phytate:mineral). Compared to obsolete cultivars, the current-cultivars had a higher phytate:mineral ratio in grains, indicating poor bioavailability of minerals to humans. The study revealed a non-significant relationship between grain yield and phytate:mineral ratios in grains. Therefore, breeding for lower phytate:mineral ratios in wheat grains can ensure increased mineral bioavailability without significant reduction in the yield potential. Future breeding should be focused on developing new genotypes suitable for mineral biofortification and with increased mineral bioavailability in grains.  相似文献   

Regeneration in sugarcane via somatic embryogenesis and genomic instability in regenerated plants     

Saboohi Raza  Syeda Qamarunisa  Mushtaq Hussain  Ishrat Jamil  Sadia Anjum  Abid Azhar  Javed Ahmed Qureshi 《Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology》2012,15(2):131-136

In the present study, embryogenic calli of sugarcane variety BL4 were induced using 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and kinetin in different concentrations and combinations. In contrast to earlier studies, embryogenic callus sectors were identified and isolated microscopically within 1–2 weeks. Subsequently, 51 media formulations were used for regeneration of proliferated embryogenic callus, using MS medium supplemented with three different cytokinins [kinetin, 6-Benzylamino purine (BAP), and thidiazuron (TDZ)] and auxins (IAA/NAA and IBA) in different combination and concentrations. After acclimatization, the genomic DNA of regenerated plants was studied to explore the insertion polymorphism of transposable elements in order to ascertain the variation among somaclones. Though low concentration of kinetin with 2,4-D was found supportive to embryogenic callus development, the highest number of regenerated plantlets was observed using BAP (1 μM), however the plantlets had very low fresh weight (2.2 g). Conversely, TDZ alone supported a significant increase in the number of plantlets regenerated (38–40) with higher fresh weight. The somaclones generated during this study showed considerable positional polymorphism of activator-like transposable elements possibly due to the stress associated with in vitro culture. This study provides a procedure to produce regenerated sugarcane plants from embryogenic callus in a relatively short time.  相似文献   

Comparison of a nucleoprotein gene based RT-PCR with real time RT-PCR for diagnosis of avian influenza in clinical specimens     

Nagarajan S  Murugkar HV  Tosh C  Behera P  Khandia R  Jain R  Katare M  Syed Z  Tripati S  Dubey SC 《Research in veterinary science》2012,93(1):504-507

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Contagious caprine pleuropneumonia in Beetal goats     

Hussain R  Auon M  Khan A  Khan MZ  Mahmood F  Ur-Rehman S 《Tropical animal health and production》2012,44(3):477-481

Seroprevalence, clinical findings, and lesions of contagious caprine pleuropneumonia (CCPP) in Beetal goats were recorded during an outbreak. The overall seroprevalence of CCPP was 32.50%. Confirmation of Mycoplasma mycoides in serum was carried out using counter immunoelectrophoresis (CIE) technique. The highest CIE-positive cases were recorded in the older goats (51.72%) as compared to young ones. Nasal swabs collected from 39 goats showing respiratory signs were found positive for M. mycoides. The most consistent clinical findings were mild to severe cough, purulent nasal secretion, emaciation, dyspnea, increased respiration rate, and pyrexia. Mortality due to CCPP was 9.17%. Consolidation of lungs exhibited the highest frequency (100%), followed by alveolar exudation (90.90%) and pleural adhesion (72.72%). Among the microscopic lesions, septal peribronchiolar fibrosis exhibited the highest frequency (81.81%), followed by fibrinous pleuritis (63.63%) and peribronchiolar cuffing of mononuclear cells (54.54%) in lungs. From these results, it was concluded that CCPP under subtropical conditions has high prevalence in Beetal goats and leads to significant mortality.  相似文献   

Agroforestry for Livelihood Security in Agrarian Landscapes of the Padma Floodplain in Bangladesh     

Syed Ajijur Rahman  Muhammad Hasan Imam  Denyse J. Snelder  Terry Sunderland 《Small-Scale Forestry》2012,11(4):529-538

In the Padma floodplain of Bangladesh, the traditional system of agriculture has become unsustainable due to high population growth. Mango-based agroforestry which has been practiced by the farmers since the 1990s, is a promising alternative and is considered as one of the few options to lift farmers out of poverty and improve livelihood security. This paper examines the potential of mango-based agroforestry to improve livelihoods, using data collected by rapid rural appraisal, farmer participatory research, stakeholder analysis and a farm household survey in six representative villages in the floodplain. Farmers with the least land were found to allocate a higher percentage of their land to agroforestry, and the increased income from agroforestry compared to other agricultural systems helps reduce relative poverty. This income maintains basic household needs, providing food security and fuelwood, and contributes to healthcare, housing and sanitation conditions, and meeting educational expenses.  相似文献   

On the Current Situation of Glanders in Various Districts of the Pakistani Punjab     

Iahtasham Khan  Lothar H. Wieler  Mahboob Ahmad Butt  Mandy C. Elschner  Ashiq Hussain Cheema  Lisa D. Sprague  Heinrich Neubauer 《Journal of Equine Veterinary Science》2012

Glanders is a highly infectious and zoonotic disease of solipeds caused by Burkholderia mallei. Progressive loss of efficiency and fatal outcome resulted in massive economic losses, which forced veterinary authorities throughout the world to implement disease control measures; these measures included mass testing using the complement fixation test and/or malleinization, and the culling of positives. This led to the eradication of glanders from Western Europe and North America in the 1950s. However, in the last decade, the number of outbreaks in Asia and South America increased steadily, and glanders regained the status of a re-emerging transboundary disease. Pakistan has been an endemic country for the past 120 years, but concise data on the presence of disease are not available. A total of 533 serum samples were collected from draught equines, a suspected risk group for glanders, from various districts of Punjab in Pakistan. The complement fixation test and the highly sensitive Western blot technique were used for serodiagnosis. No animal (horse, mule, and donkey) was found to be positive for infection. Glanders seems to be restricted to remote, sporadic pockets of endemicity and may cause outbreaks after being introduced into naive populations by (asymptomatic) shedders.  相似文献   

Increased anthocyanin content in purple pericarp × blue aleurone wheat crosses     

Sharifah N. Syed Jaafar  Johanna Baron  Susanne Siebenhandl‐Ehn  Thomas Rosenau  Stefan Böhmdorfer  Heinrich Grausgruber 《Plant Breeding》2013,132(6):546-552

Due to their antioxidant activity, anthocyanins are of increasing interest for nutritionists, food scientists and plant breeders. Anthocyanins in wheat grains are expressed in either the pericarp or aleurone layer. Previous studies revealed that different anthocyanins are present in wheat varieties carrying genes for either the purple pericarp or the blue aleurone trait. Progeny from crosses between red‐, purple‐ and blue‐grained wheat varieties were selected over several cycles for grain colour by visual scoring. Bulked F₅ grains were evaluated for their total anthocyanin content by UV‐VIS spectrophotometry and HPLC‐MS. The results demonstrate that it is possible to increase the anthocyanin content by the combination of the different genetic backgrounds for purple pericarp and blue aleurone, even though the majority of progeny were within the range of the purple‐ and blue‐grained check varieties. Visual scoring for grain colour is efficient, reliable and fast for selection in early breeding generations. Advanced breeding lines with high anthocyanin content can be identified by simple extraction methods and spectrophotometric measurements.  相似文献