Abscisic acid and 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid affect the expression of anthocyanin biosynthetic pathway genes in ‘Kyoho’ grape berries     

T. Ban  M. Ishimaru  S. Kobayashi  N. Goto-Yamamoto  S. Horiuchi 《The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology》2013,88(4):586-589

Summary

The effects of abscisic acid (ABA) and 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) on the expression of seven anthocyanin biosynthetic pathway genes in ‘Kyoho’ grape berries were investigated. In untreated berries, the expression of the UDP-glucose-flavonoid: 3-O-glucosyltransferase (UFGT) gene was detected only at 42 d after full bloom (DAB), whereas the phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), chalcone synthase (CHS), chalcone isomerase (CHI), flavanone-3-hydroxylase (F3H), dihydroflavonol 4-reductase (DFR) and leucoanthocyanidin dioxygenase (LDOX) genes were expressed throughout the growing period. ABA increased anthocyanin content in the skin and the expression of PAL, CHS, CHI, DFR and UFGT genes at 7 d after treatment. In contrast, 2,4-D inhibited the accumulation of anthocyanin and the expression of all the genes examined. The results clearly show that the anthocyanin levels resulting from the application of ABA and 2,4-D were correlated with the expression of anthocyanin biosynthetic pathway genes.  相似文献   

Implication and challenges of direct-fed microbial supplementation to improve ruminant production and health     

Yajing Ban  Le Luo Guan 《畜牧与生物技术杂志(英文版)》2022,(2):316-337

Direct-fed microbials(DFMs)are feed additives containing live naturally existing microbes that can benefit animals’health and production performance.Due to the banned or strictly limited prophylactic and growth promoting usage of antibiotics,DFMs have been considered as one of antimicrobial alternatives in livestock industry.Microorganisms used as DFMs for ruminants usually consist of bacteria including lactic acid producing bacteria,lactic acid utilizing bacteria and other bacterial groups,and fungi containing Saccharomyces and Aspergillus.To date,the available DFMs for ruminants have been largely based on their effects on improving the feed efficiency and ruminant productivity through enhancing the rumen function such as stabilizing ruminal pH,promoting ruminal fermentation and feed digestion.Recent research has shown emerging evidence that the DFMs may improve performance and health in young ruminants,however,these positive outcomes were not consistent among studies and the modes of action have not been clearly defined.This review summarizes the DFM studies conducted in ruminants in the last decade,aiming to provide the new knowledge on DFM supplementation strategies for various ruminant production stages,and to identify what are the potential barriers and challenges for current ruminant industry to adopt the DFMs.Overall literature research indicates that DFMs have the potential to mitigate ruminal acidosis,improve immune response and gut health,increase productivity(growth and milk production),and reduce methane emissions or fecal shedding of pathogens.More research is needed to explore the mode of action of specific DFMs in the gut of ruminants,and the optimal supplementation strategies to promote the development and efficiency of DFM products for ruminants.  相似文献   

有机栽培与常规栽培蔬菜的营养品质分析比较     

马超  李晓慧  班甜甜  梁蝶 《作物杂志》2021,37(5):166-22

为明确有机栽培与常规栽培蔬菜的营养品质差异,以大白菜、生菜和黄瓜为研究对象,采用基质盆栽分析对比2种栽培方式下蔬菜营养物质（蛋白质、可溶性糖、总氨基酸）、维生素原类（胡萝卜素、维生素C、类黄酮）、风味物质（单宁、苹果酸、酒石酸）、矿质元素（Fe、Zn、Mn）以及硝酸盐与农药残留含量的差异。结果表明,有机栽培蔬菜的蛋白质、可溶性糖、氨基酸、类胡萝卜素、维生素C、类黄酮、苹果酸、Fe和Zn等有益营养物质的含量显著高于常规栽培蔬菜,相反,有机栽培蔬菜的单宁、Mn及硝酸盐含量显著低于常规栽培蔬菜,且3种常规栽培蔬菜中均检测到农药残留,其中大白菜和生菜的农药残留大大超过限量标准。由此可见,采用有机栽培方式种植的蔬菜不仅有益营养物质显著优于常规栽培蔬菜,而且其有害物明显低于常规栽培蔬菜。  相似文献   

汽油机电液式可变气门正时系统响应性能仿真与试验     

班智博  谢辉  何宇 《农业机械学报》2013,44(9):12-18，29

汽油机电液式可变气门正时系统(VVT)的响应性能对发动机燃烧、排放均有重要影响,汽油机瞬态过程中电液式VVT应根据发动机工况快速调整到目标相位,但由于电液VVT的响应性能受到多方面因素的影响,其速度尚有进一步提升的空间。基于试验和仿真分析,对影响电液VVT响应性能的发动机转速、机油温度、机油压力等因素进行了分析,并详细分析了VVT阶跃响应过程各阶段的影响因素,提出了基于MAP查表的VVT前馈控制算法,试验结果表明,该算法能够实现VVT快速响应,同时保证稳定性。  相似文献   

基于数字高程模型和数学规划的土地平整工程设计优化   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3  

黄琪  刘友兆  班春峰  郑华伟 《农业工程学报》2011,27(11):313-318

应用数字高程模型（DEM）与数学规划（MP）方法,研究土地平整工程设计中田块的划分、土方量计算和土方量调配的优化方法,为土地平整工程设计提供综合、系统和精确的方法,节约投资费用。该文以南京市江宁区湖熟镇土地平整项目工程为例,采用ArcGIS9.3软件建立大比例尺DEM,划分了土地平整区域和耕作田块,基于DEM计算了现状高程、土方量、土方运输重心,采用数学规划求解了设计高程和土方调配的最优方案。研究表明：该方法合理确定了田块的规模、定量计算了优化设计高程、总土方量比原设计方案减少了9.37%,且制作了最优土方调配路径图。  相似文献   

秦巴山区耕层土壤微量元素空间特征及影响因子——以镇巴县为例   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

姜悦  常庆瑞  赵业婷  班松涛 《中国水土保持科学》2013,(6):50-57

为充分了解与掌握秦巴山区耕层土壤微量元素现状、空间分布规律及其影响因素,为区域土壤微量元素的科学管理及土壤微肥应用提供理论依据和实践指导,以镇巴县为例,基于2010年陕西省耕地地力调查与质量评价项目数据,采用地统计学和GIS相结合的方法,研究秦巴山区耕层土壤有效态Fe、有效态Mn、有效态Cu和有效态Zn的空间特征及其影响因素.结果表明：1）镇巴县耕层土壤有效态Fe、Mn和Cu均属中等变异强度,变异系数介于81.38％～97.57％之间,有效态Zn属强变异强度,变异系数为117.09％;2）空间特征上,根据块金系数值,4种微量元素均表现为中等强度的空间相关性,县域质量分数的空间分布呈南部高、西部低格局,空间变异性是由自然因素（土壤理化性质、地形地貌和常年降水量等）和人为因素（作物熟制和村距等）共同作用而引起的;3）镇巴县耕层土壤整体有效态Cu和Fe质量分数丰富,Zn质量分数适宜,19.14％ Mn缺乏（＜5 mg/kg）,需结合不同的耕作制度、土壤类型及其质量分数丰缺水平进行分区培肥与管理.  相似文献   

1951-2008年太原市霜冻发生特征分析     

钱锦霞  武捷  班胜林 《勤云标准版测试》2009,29(10)

基于太原市1951-2008年逐日最低气温资料,采用线性倾向估计法分析了霜冻的发生趋势;利用异常霜冻指标,分析了霜冻的异常发生情况.结果表明:太原市平均初霜冻日为10月14日、终霜冻日为4月15日,平均无霜冻期为182天;初霜冻日在年代际间的变化较为复杂,终霜冻日则表现为50～70年代偏晚、80年代之后偏早,无霜冻期为50～70年代缩短、80年代之后延长为主的变化特点;太原市初、终霜冻日和无霜冻期的线性倾向率分别为2.2天/10年、-1.8天/10年和4.0天/10年;无霜冻期的延长趋势通过了a=0.001的显著性检验;太原市特早初霜冻发生频率为1.7%,偏早初霜冻发生频率为15.5%,特晚终霜冻发生频率为5.2%,偏晚终霜冻发生频率为6.9%;大多数异常霜冻发生在50——70年代.  相似文献   

火龙果在广州地区的高产栽培   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

班志明  班晓康  王英生 《中国林副特产》2008,(1):41-42

自1999年3月开始,就广州地区种植的火龙果生长情况作了连续8年的实地观测记录,从中获取了一些较为有价值的材料,以便为有关果树管理人员提供较为客观的参考资料。  相似文献   

Physiological characteristics of blue sac disease in chum salmon alevins     

Ban  Masatoshi  Hida  Kazuhiro  Kuwaki  Motoyasu  Horanai  Tetsuo  Ohnuki  Tsutomu  Oseko  Norihisa 《Fisheries Science》2023,89(1):31-40

Fisheries Science - Blue sac disease (BSD) in salmonids results in the abnormal accumulation of ascites fluid and can often lead to mass mortality. However, the symptoms and causes of BSD remain...  相似文献   

Comparison of flower color with anthocyanin composition patterns in evergreen azalea   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Daiki Mizuta  Takuya Ban  Ikuo Miyajima  Akira Nakatsuka  Nobuo Kobayashi   《Scientia Horticulturae》2009,122(4):594-602

In evergreen azaleas, major anthocyanins were detected from petals of wild species and cultivars by HPLC analysis. Depending on flower color, all samples were divided into three groups: red, purple or white, using the Japan color standard for horticultural plants. The chromatic components a* and b* values of red group samples showed a convergent distribution, whereas those of purple group samples showed a wider distribution. According to the HPLC analysis, red group samples had two to four major anthocyanins, and those of the purple group had two to six major ones. In contrast, no anthocyanins were detected in the white group petals, although anthocyanidins were detected. These results suggest that the anthocyanin constitution of the purple group flowers is more varied than that of the red group flowers, and this wider variety among purple flowers contributes to extending the diversity of flower color in evergreen azalea.  相似文献