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Ko JC Weil AB Kitao T Payton ME Inoue T 《Veterinary therapeutics : research in applied veterinary medicine》2007,8(1):51-60
Oxygenation status was evaluated in medetomidine-sedated dogs breathing room air (M) or 100 percent oxygen (MO2). Medetomidine (40 microg/kg IV) administration resulted in peripheral vasoconstriction and decreased venous saturation as measured by an increased oxygen extraction ratio in peripheral tissues. Providing 100 percent oxygen insufflation via face mask reduced desaturation by increasing oxygen content but did not prevent vasoconstriction or reduce the oxygen extraction ratio in peripheral tissues. Atipamezole (200 microg/kg IV) reversed medetomidine-induced vasoconstriction and increased oxygen supply to tissues as indicated by a lower tissue oxygen extraction ratio. The authors conclude that 100 percent oxygen insufflation via face mask during medetomidine sedation (40 micrograms/kg [corrected] IV) benefits tissue oxygenation in healthy dogs. 相似文献
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Ko JC Payton M Weil AB Kitao T Haydon T 《Veterinary therapeutics : research in applied veterinary medicine》2007,8(2):113-126
This study compared anesthetic and cardiorespiratory effects of tiletamine-zolazepam-butorphanol (TT), tiletamine-zolazepam-butorphanol-medetomidine (TTD), and tiletamine-zolazepam-butorphanol-medetomidine with atipamezole reversal 1 hour after TTD administration in dogs. All dogs received glycopyrrolate. All drug combinations effectively induced anesthesia within 5 minutes after IM injection. Duration of analgesia was 40 to 60 minutes. Recovery was smooth, but the overall quality of recovery was poorer in the TT group. Hypoxia occurred with some dogs in the TTD group at 5 minutes. TTD provided better analgesia with longer duration and better recovery quality compared with TT. Reversal of TTD with atipamezole was not effective in shortening recovery time. 相似文献
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Environmental change attracts particular attention by biologists concerned with the performance of biological systems under stress. To investigate these, dose–response relationships should be clarified. It was previously assumed that the fundamental nature of biological dose–responses follows a linear model, either with no threshold or with a threshold below which no effects are expected to occur in biological endpoints. However, substantial literature, including widespread documentation in plants, has revealed that hormesis commonly occurs. Hormesis is highly generalized and can be utilized as a quantitative measure of biological plasticity. Conditioning induced by adaptive responses also occurs in the framework of hormesis and is of particular importance to environmental change biology with regards to evolutionary adaptations.This paper presents additional evidence for hormetic dose responses induced by temperature in plants. The current understanding on hormesis provides a perspective for next generation environmental change research. Hormesis should have a central role in environmental change biology of vegetation. 相似文献
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T Yamada M Fujita S Kitao Y Ashida K Nishizono R Tsuchiya T Shida K Kobayashi 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》1999,61(6):657-659
Serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) values were measured in hepatic diseased dogs with or without tumor and non-hepatic tumor bearing dogs by a sandwich ELISA using anti-dog AFP antiserum. Serum AFP values were less than 70 ng/ml in clinically healthy dogs. The values in dogs with hepatocellular carcinoma were higher than 1,400 ng/ml in 7 of 9 dogs, wherever those in two dogs with cholangiocarcinoma were in the normal range. Serum AFP values in hepatic diseased dogs without tumor were also high, however, the values were below 500 ng/ml in 90% of the dogs. In non-hepatic tumor dogs, serum AFP values were less than 500 ng/ml in 76% of the dogs. In the surgically removal cases with hepatocellular carcinoma, serum AFP values rapidly decreased. These results suggested that the sandwich ELISA using anti-dog AFP antiserum was an available method for diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma in dogs. 相似文献
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Otani I Ohta K Ishikawa A Yamada T Ishinazaka T Ohtaki T Tsumagari S Kanayama K 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2008,70(3):285-287
Lymphocyte subsets in canine umbilical cord blood were flow cytometrically analyzed and compared with those of the dams' peripheral blood. The proportion of CD3+ T lymphocytes, CD21+CD3- B lymphocytes, and CD3-CD21- non-T non-B lymphocytes in umbilical cord blood was 52.9%, 30.4%, and 16.7%, respectively. T lymphocyte/B lymphocyte ratio was significantly lower in the umbilical cord blood than in the dams' peripheral blood (2.1 +/- 1.4 versus 11.0 +/- 8.1, P < 0.001). In contrast, CD4+ lymphocyte/CD8+ lymphocyte ratio was significantly higher in the umbilical cord blood than in the dams' peripheral blood (7.6 +/- 2.2 versus 1.8 +/- 0.6, P<0.001). These findings clarified the phenotypic characters of canine umbilical cord blood lymphocytes. 相似文献
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Bacterial flora in the gut of wild cultured prawns, Penaeus japonicus Bate, were investigated and the isolated strains were classified to genera. The flora in the water and mud environment which the prawn inhabits were also investigated. In the water of the prawn culture tank, the highest bacterial number was counted in the zoea stages (1.8 × 105 /ml) and the numbers decreased from the end of the mysis stage to the postlarval stage.Few differences in composition were observed between the two populations. In the digestive tract of the zoea, Vibrio spp. were the dominant genera. In the adult stage, Pseudomonas spp. were the most abundant in the flora of the digestive tract of prawns cultured for 126 days. One prawn that grew poorly had large numbers of the Aeromonas and Vibrio groups in the digestive tract. In the digestive tract of wild prawns, the Pseudomonas group was the dominant bacterial population. 相似文献
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Mamiko ONO Hiroki AKUZAWA Yasuo NAMBO Yuuko HIRANO Junpei KIMURA Satoko TAKEMOTO Sakiko NAKAMURA Hideo YOKOTA Ryutaro HIMENO Tohru HIGUCHI Tadatoshi OHTAKI Shigehisa TSUMAGARI 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2015,77(12):1599-1603
A three-dimensional internal structure microscopy (3D-ISM) can clarify the anatomical
arrangement of internal structures of equine ovaries. In this study, morphological changes
of the equine ovary over the first 12 months of life were investigated by 3D-ISM in 59
fillies and by histological analysis in 2 fillies. The weight and volume of the paired
ovaries initially decreased from 0 to 1 months to 2 to 3 months of age and then
significantly increased at 8 to 12 months of age. The ovulation fossa was first observed
around the 3rd month and became evident after the 6th month. The number of follicles with
a diameter of ≥10 mm and the diameter of the largest follicle increased gradually after 6
months of age. On a volume basis, the medulla accounted for nearly 90% of the whole ovary
at 0 to 1 months of age, but significantly decreased from 2 to 3 months of age. The volume
of the cortex increased progressively after birth and reached approximately 60% of the
total volume at 8 to 12 months of age. This significant development of the cortex
coincided with the increased number and size of large follicles observed from 6 months of
age. These results suggest that the development of the cortex plays a role in the
maturation of the follicles and the equine ovary undergoes substantial morphological
changes postnatally until puberty. 相似文献
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Tomoya Kono Yoichi Kitao Kohei Sonoda Royhei Nomoto Tohru Mekata Masahiro Sakai 《Fisheries Science》2008,74(3):603-612
ABSTRACT: A ghrelin gene has been cloned and sequenced in common carp Cyprinus carpio . Ghrelin cDNA is composed of 461 bp [with a 36-bp 5'-untranslated region (UTR) and a 113-bp 3'-UTR], which translates into a protein of 103 amino acid residues. Carp ghrelin (preproghrelin) contained a predicted signal peptide of 26 amino acid residues, the ghrelin domain ( Gly 27 – Val 45 ) and C-terminal peptide ( Gly 46 – Phe 103 ). Homology analysis of the ghrelin domain of carp with that of other known ghrelin in vertebrates showed good similarity to teleost ghrelin (50–81.8%). Hydropathy analysis based on the deduced amino acid sequence of ghrelin domains in teleosts showed a similar profile. Carp ghrelin clustered with ghrelin of goldfish Carassius auratus and other teleosts, away from mammalian, reptilian, avian, amphibian and chondrichthian ghrelin, by phylogenetic analysis. Genomic organization of carp ghrelin gene was composed of four exons and three introns, which was the same as that of other teleosts and human ghrelin genes. The carp ghrelin gene was expressed in unstimulated tissues such as foregut, hindgut, spleen and brain. In spleen cells, expression of the ghrelin gene increased upon stimulation with lipopolysaccharide (LPS), phytohemagglutinin (PHA) or imiquimod. The identification of carp ghrelin gene and the analysis of the modulation of its expression in immune-activated conditions will allow a more complete analysis of the roles of ghrelin in teleosts. 相似文献