Interannual variability of the ecosystem of the Kii Channel, the Inland Sea of Japan, as influenced by bottom intrusion of cold and nutrient-rich water from the Pacific Ocean, and a recent trend of warming and oligotrophication   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Koji Ozaki  Shin-Ichi Uye  Teruichi Kusumoto  Tetsuo Hagino 《Fisheries Oceanography》2004,13(1):65-79

Interannual variability of the ecosystem of the Kii Channel, productive shelf water on the Pacific side of south‐western Japan, was analysed based on physicochemical environmental variables and abundance of major zooplankton taxa collected monthly for 12 yr from 1987 to 1999. The Kii Channel experienced both short‐term (i.e. 3–4 yr) cyclical changes and a long‐term (i.e. decadal) environmental trend. The short‐term variability was primarily associated with year‐to‐year differences in intrusion of subsurface, cold nutrient‐rich water along the bottom of the Kii Channel from the Pacific Ocean. When this bottom intrusion was intense, the Kii Channel experienced a cold, new production‐dominated ecosystem. The bottom intrusion, however, has become less intense in recent years, because of the closer proximity of the Kuroshio flow axis to the Kii Channel. Hence, there was a consistent trend towards warming and a regenerated production‐dominated ecosystem. In accordance with such environmental changes, the zooplankton community shifted towards more oceanic conditions; major herbivorous calanoids (i.e. Calanus sinicus, Paracalanus parvus (s.l.), Clausocalanus spp. and Acartia omorii) decreased, while carnivores (i.e. hydromedusae and Sagitta spp.) increased. The amount of total fish catch also decreased, while the catch of subtropical species increased. These findings lead us to conclude that the bottom intrusion from the Pacific Ocean plays a key role in determining the biological production in the Kii Channel.  相似文献   

All-male Tilapia Hybrids of Two Strains of Oreochromis niloticus     

Nilton G.  Marengoni Yoshio  Onoue Tetsuo  Oyama 《Journal of the World Aquaculture Society》1998,29(1):108-113

Hybridization between Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (Local and Stirling University strains) and blue tilapia O. aureus was found to be a tool to produce monosex populations. In order to select a purebred that produces all- or nearly all-male hybrids with high productivity, O. niloticus females and their diploid gynogenetics (meiogynes and mitogynes) were hybridized with O. aureus males. The sex ratio of progenies was evaluated from inter- and intraspecific crosses of two strains of Nile tilapia. Single-pair matings and group spawns under hatchery conditions showed no deviation ( P > 0.01) from the expected sex ratio of intraspecific crosses among two strains of Nile tilapia. However, a higher proportion of male progenies in blue tilapia was observed in group spawns in pond ( P < 0.004) and hatchery conditions ( P < 0.01). Only the Stirling strain and mitogynes produced all-male progenies under laboratory conditions. There were significant differences ( P < 0.05) in growth among hybrid progeny groups, when gynogens and their regular O. niloticus (Local strain) females were crossed with O. aureus males. Six-month hybrid offspring from mitogyne female parents grew better than those from regular and meiogyne female broods.  相似文献   

Production of aromatic amino acids and related compounds from p-hydroxyphenylacetic acid by rumen microorganisms in vitro     

Rokibul Islam KHAN  Sada ANDO  Toshihiro TAKAHASHI  Tetsuo MORITA  Ryoji ONODERA 《Animal Science Journal》2003,74(4):313-319

Suspensions of mixed rumen bacteria (B), protozoa (P), and mixed rumen microorganisms (BP) prepared from rumen contents of fistulated goats were anaerobically incubated with 1 mM p‐hydroxyphenylacetic acid (HPA) at 39°C for 24 h. Tyrosine (Tyr), phenylalanine (Phe), tryptophan (Trp) and other related compounds in both supernatants and hydrolyzates of microbial cells in all incubations were analyzed by HPLC. Large amounts of Tyr (32.1, 42.7 and 36.1% of disappeared HPA in B, P and BP, respectively) were produced from HPA during a 12 h incubation period. The formation of Tyr in P (178.6 µmol/g MN) was 1.5 and 2 times higher than in B and BP, respectively. Phe (7–11% of the disappeared HPA) and Trp (3–6% of the disappeared HPA) were also synthesized from HPA in B, P, and BP. Phe synthesis in P (46.3 µmol/g MN) was 1.7 times higher than in B but, in contrast, Trp synthesis in B, was 1.6 times higher than in P. The metabolites p‐hydroxyphenylpyruvic acid (in the range of 5–14% of disappeared HPA), phenylacetic acid (1–11%), p‐hydroxybenzoic acid (3–7%) and benzoic acid (1–6%) were produced from HPA in B, P and BP. Phenylpropionic acid (6% of the disappeared HPA) was produced only in B and BP.  相似文献   

拟南芥未知基因At018融合蛋白原核表达条件的优化及纯化     

孙博  卜媛媛  高野哲夫  柳参奎 《分子植物育种》2015,(4):887-890

本课题组在前期的研究中利用Al Cl3胁迫筛选碱茅全长c DNAs酵母表达文库获得到一个与铝毒害相关的未知基因(基因编号为018,用put018表示),该基因与拟南芥中未知基因(基因号为At5g57345,本研究中用At018表示)有较高的同源性。为了获得At018的纯化蛋白,本研究将拟南芥At018基因克隆后构建原核表达载体p GEX-6p-3-At018,再将其转入大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)菌株,利用异丙基-β-D-硫代半乳糖苷(IPTG)进行诱导表达。同时运用传统方法优化诱导条件,以提高重组融合蛋白的表达效率。SDS-PAGE分析结果表明,30℃下0.1 mmol/L IPTG的条件下诱导3 h后,GST-At018融合蛋白的表达量最大,蛋白分子质量与预测值相符,该蛋白主要以可溶性形式存在;接着利用Glutathione Sepharose4 Fast Flow亲核层析树脂纯化最终获得GST-At018融合蛋白。本研究可为进一步进行At018的功能解析提供基础。  相似文献   

过量表达星星草(Puccinellia tenuiflora)液泡型H~+-ATP酶c亚基基因提高转基因酵母的耐盐性     

周爱民  卜媛媛  张欣欣  高野哲夫  柳参奎 《分子植物育种》2015,(2):409-414

植物液泡型H+-ATP酶(V-ATPase)在次级转运与应对多种逆境胁迫中具有重要作用。本研究克隆并解析了能够生长在盐碱地上的野生星星草V-ATPase c亚基基因(Put VHA-c)的功能。本研究利用荧光蛋白(GFP)标记结合内涵体染色的方法研究了Put VHA-c蛋白在酵母细胞中的定位,并利用转基因酵母分析了Put VHA-c基因在盐胁迫中的作用。共定位实验显示Put VHA-c-GFP融合蛋白主要定位在酵母细胞的内涵体上。Northern杂交和实时定量PCR显示在星星草悬浮细胞中Put VHA-c基因的表达能够被盐胁迫所诱导。研究结果结合过表达Put VHA-c的转基因酵母具有更高的耐盐性的发现,说明Put VHA-c基因参与着盐胁迫的应答。  相似文献   

Interaction of the mutant genes B,og c,hp and t in the coloring of tomato fruit     

Thiago Matos Andrade  Wilson Roberto Maluf  Celso Mattes de Oliveira  Luiz Antônio Augusto Gomes  Daniela Costa Santos  Regis de Castro Carvalho  Ranoel José de Sousa Gonçalves  Álvaro Carlos Gonçalves Neto 《Euphytica》2015,205(3):773-783

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Two male sterility-inducing cytoplasms of beet (Beta vulgaris) are genetically distinct but have closely related mitochondrial genomes: implication of a substoichiometric mitochondrial DNA molecule in their evolution     

Yasuyuki Onodera  Takumi Arakawa  Rika Yui-Kurino  Masayuki P. Yamamoto  Kazuyoshi Kitazaki  Shigehiko Ebe  Muneyuki Matsunaga  Kazunori Taguchi  Yosuke Kuroda  Shiko Yamashita  Tomoyuki Sakai  Toshiro Kinoshita  Tetsuo Mikami  Tomohiko Kubo 《Euphytica》2015,206(2):365-379

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A plant vacuolar protease, VPE, mediates virus-induced hypersensitive cell death   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Hatsugai N  Kuroyanagi M  Yamada K  Meshi T  Tsuda S  Kondo M  Nishimura M  Hara-Nishimura I 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2004,305(5685):855-858

Programmed cell death (PCD) in animals depends on caspase protease activity. Plants also exhibit PCD, for example as a response to pathogens, although a plant caspase remains elusive. Here we show that vacuolar processing enzyme (VPE) is a protease essential for a virus-induced hypersensitive response that involves PCD. VPE deficiency prevented virus-induced hypersensitive cell death in tobacco plants. VPE is structurally unrelated to caspases, although VPE has a caspase-1 activity. Thus, plants have evolved a regulated cellular suicide strategy that, unlike PCD of animals, is mediated by VPE and the cellular vacuole.  相似文献   

Essential role of Fkbp6 in male fertility and homologous chromosome pairing in meiosis     

Crackower MA  Kolas NK  Noguchi J  Sarao R  Kikuchi K  Kaneko H  Kobayashi E  Kawai Y  Kozieradzki I  Landers R  Mo R  Hui CC  Nieves E  Cohen PE  Osborne LR  Wada T  Kunieda T  Moens PB  Penninger JM 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2003,300(5623):1291-1295

Meiosis is a critical stage of gametogenesis in which alignment and synapsis of chromosomal pairs occur, allowing for the recombination of maternal and paternal genomes. Here we show that FK506 binding protein (Fkbp6) localizes to meiotic chromosome cores and regions of homologous chromosome synapsis. Targeted inactivation of Fkbp6 in mice results in aspermic males and the absence of normal pachytene spermatocytes. Moreover, we identified the deletion of Fkbp6 exon 8 as the causative mutation in spontaneously male sterile as/as mutant rats. Loss of Fkbp6 results in abnormal pairing and misalignments between homologous chromosomes, nonhomologous partner switches, and autosynapsis of X chromosome cores in meiotic spermatocytes. Fertility and meiosis are normal in Fkbp6 mutant females. Thus, Fkbp6 is a component of the synaptonemal complex essential for sex-specific fertility and for the fidelity of homologous chromosome pairing in meiosis.  相似文献   

Phosphate Fertilizers for Sugarcane Used at Pre-Planting (Phosphorus Fertilizer Application)     

Robson Thiago Xavier de Sousa  Gaspar Henrique Korndörfer  Rogério Augusto Brem Soares  Patrícia Rezende Fontoura 《Journal of plant nutrition》2015,38(9):1444-1455

Phosphate applications are still rare in sugarcane cultivation and can be done with phosphorus fertilizers of residual over. This study aims to evaluate the agronomic efficiency of phosphate fertilization before sugarcane planting and its effect on sugarcane yield. The study was carried out over three crop cycles at the Jalles Machado sugar-mill in Goianésia, GO, Brazil. The treatments consisted of five different phosphorus sources (soluble and insoluble) applied at a rate of 300 kg ha^?1 phosphorus pentoxide (P₂O₅). The phosphorus fertilizers used were: triple superphosphate, mono-ammonium phosphate (MAP), Arad rock phosphate, Itafós rock phosphate, and magnesium term phosphate. The effects of these fertilizers were evaluated by plant height (ground to Top Visible Dewlap; TVD), leaf phosphorus content, agronomic efficiency, and sugarcane yield from cane-plants, first ratoon, and second ratoon. Magnesium term phosphate and triple superphosphate resulted in greater plant-cane height. Leaf phosphorus concentrations were highest with applications of MAP, magnesium term phosphate, and triple superphosphate. Phosphate applications did not affect sugarcane plant yield, but did increase ratoon yield. In general, the residual effect of insoluble phosphate increased over the years. The agronomic efficiency (AE) of phosphate was (in descending order): triple superphosphate (100%), term phosphate (89%), MAP (80%), Itafós rock phosphate (67%), and Arad rock phosphate (60%).  相似文献