Role of Polyphenolase in Streptomycin-Induced Resistance to Phytophthora in Potato     

Vörös J  Király Z  Farkas GL 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1957,126(3284):1178-1179

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Persistent efficacy of doramectin pour-on against Haematobia irritans in cattle     

Farkas R  Gräfner G  Hendrickx MO 《The Veterinary record》2000,146(13):378-380

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Utilization of alkaline potato peel waste by fermentation,amylase production byAspergillus foetidus NRRL 337, and alcoholic fermentation     

F. Bloch  G. E. Brown  D. F. Farkas 《American Journal of Potato Research》1973,50(10):357-364

Aspergillus foctidus NRRL337 was cultured on hydrochloric acid neutralized waste from the dry caustic potato peeling process. Alpha-amylase yields of 26–40 SKB units/ml and maltase yields of 6 to 10 units/ml were obtained. The fermented mixture filters very easily to yield an amylase containing liquor and mycelium. Alcoholic fermentation of additional peel waste using the above for amylolytic conversion gave alcohol yields of up to 90% on a stoichiometric carbohydrate basis. This work was done to demonstrate the utility of dry caustic peel waste as a starting material for fermentation processes.  相似文献   

Fun stories about Brucella: the "furtive nasty bug"     

Letesson JJ  Lestrate P  Delrue RM  Danese I  Bellefontaine F  Fretin D  Taminiau B  Tibor A  Dricot A  Deschamps C  Haine V  Leonard S  Laurent T  Mertens P  Vandenhaute J  De Bolle X 《Veterinary microbiology》2002,90(1-4):317-328

Although Brucella is responsible for one of the major worldwide zoonosis, our understanding of its pathogenesis remains in its infancy. In this paper, we summarize some of the research in progress in our laboratory that we think could contribute to a better understanding of the Brucella molecular virulence mechanisms and their regulation.  相似文献   

Shrub Encroachment Under the Trees Diversifies the Herb Layer in a Romanian Silvopastoral System     

Csaba Tölgyesi  Zoltán Bátori  Róbert Gallé  István Urák  Tibor Hartel 《Strength and Conditioning Journal》2018,71(5):571-577

Rangelands with scattered trees are complex and dynamic systems with a long history in Europe. Generally referred to as “wood-pastures,” they are considered to have outstanding conservation value. Thorny shrubs are important for supporting the biodiversity of these wooded rangelands, as well as facilitating the regeneration of trees by acting as nurse species. We assess the direct effects of temporary shrub encroachment under the cover of mature sparse trees on overall plant and habitat diversity. We surveyed the herb layer of the main landscape features of a wood-pasture: open pasture, trees with a grass understory, trees with shrubs, and adjacent forest edges. The herb layer under trees with shrubs resembled that of forest edges more than open pastures and trees with grass. Trees with grass had a higher cover of ruderal species than trees with shrubs, while forest edges and open pastures had a lower cover of them. Forest species were absent from open pastures but were well represented in the other sites. The herb layer of trees with shrubs and forest edges had similar cover values, while trees with grass had a significantly lower cover of herbs than the other types. Trees with shrubs had higher species richness than any of the other three landscape features and had a much higher proportion of diagnostic species. We conclude that the scattered trees and shrubs of the studied silvopastoral system have additive facilitative effects on their understory, probably through modifying the microenvironment and grazing pressure, leading to the formation of temporary diversity hot spots with distinct vegetation. Thus maintaining a moderate level of shrub-encroachment under sparse trees is recommended for not only creating safe havens for tree recruitment but also increasing the overall species and habitat diversity of wood-pastures.  相似文献   

Forum: Social-Ecological System Archetypes for European Rangelands     

Tibor Hartel  Nora Fagerholm  Mario Torralba  Ágnes Balázsi  Tobias Plieninger 《Strength and Conditioning Journal》2018,71(5):536-544

Rangelands in Europe are imprinted by livestock production and embedded in mosaic landscapes of grasslands, croplands, woodlands, and settlements. They developed as social-ecological systems: People managed rangelands in order to maintain or enhance their ecosystem services, which in turn supported their well-being. The appreciation of ecosystem services provided by rangelands depends on the broad, socioeconomic aspirations and abilities of the managers and the capital available to achieve these aspirations. Here we propose four archetypical social-ecological system representations for European rangelands along the dimensions of socioeconomic aspirations (i.e., oriented toward conventional or sustainable production) and available financial capital (i.e., low or high) to employ farming technologies on rangelands. The four archetypes are aspiration misfit, pockets of sustainability, techno-dependence, and money dependent sustainability. We describe the landscape physiognomy, ecosystem service appreciation, and management-related synergies and trade-offs in ecosystem services supply related to each archetype and formulate a number of research questions to document and further understand them as social-ecological systems. We include the importance of urbanization, land grabbing, and institutional networks in shaping the social-ecological archetypes of rangelands and the relationship between our social-ecological archetypes and the resilience and transformability of rangelands.  相似文献   

The hematology of captive Bobtail lizards (Tiliqua rugosa): blood counts,light microscopy,cytochemistry, and ultrastructure          下载免费PDF全文

Cheryl A. Moller  Tibor Gaál  Jennifer N. Mills 《Veterinary clinical pathology / American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology》2016,45(4):634-647

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Cytochrome P-450 Inducers and Inhibitors Interfering with Ecdysone 20-Monooxygenases and Their Activities during Postembryonic Development of Neobellieria bullata Parker     

Bla Darvas  Huw H. Rees  Nigel Hoggard  Mahmoud H. Tag El-Din  Eiichi Kuwano  Ivn Blai  Tibor Timr 《Pest management science》1992,36(2):135-142

The cytochrome P-450-dependent microsomal and mitochondrial ecdysone 20-monooxygenase systems convert ecdysone into 20-hydroxyecdysone. The microsomal fraction of fat bodies of zero h wandering stage fleshfly larvae (Neobellieria bullata; Diptera: Sarcophagidae) has a high ecdysone 20- monooxygenase activity. The effects of cytochrome P-450 inhibitors were investigated in vitro on microsomal ecdysone 20-monooxygenase. Metyrapone, fenarimol and certain imidazole derivatives (KK-42, KK-110, KK-135 and PIM) are strong inhibitors. The IC₅₀ value of KK-110, which is the strongest inhibitor, is 2 × 10^?7 M. A triazolyl and two cyclopropylamine derivatives have low activity. The activities of different NADPH-cytochrome c (P-450) reductase inhibitors were also assessed; diquat dibromide is a moderate inhibitor of microsomal ecdysone 20-monooxygenase, while paraquat dichloride has no activity. In-vivo experiments with cytochrome P-450 inducers and inhibitors gave the following results: (a) fenarimol, FI-121, precocene-2 caused “permanent” first-instar larvae; (b) barbital, phenobarbital and their sodium salts caused significant delay in larval development; (c) PIM, PTM, metyrapone, KK-42, KK-135, J-2710, RH 5849 and colchicine caused moulting disturbances; (d) J-2710, PIM, PTM, KK-42, KK-135, RH 5849 and colchicine caused lethal spiracle and mandible malformation; (e) KK-110, fenarimol, barbital and phenobarbital caused precocious pupariation.  相似文献   

Prevalence of antibodies against Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum in Hungarian red foxes (Vulpes vulpes)     

Jakubek EB  Farkas R  Pálfi V  Mattsson JG 《Veterinary parasitology》2007,144(1-2):39-44

In the present study we have investigated the seroprevalence to the protozoan parasites Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum in 337 red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) from 16 out of 19 counties in Hungary. The foxes were originally collected within a National vaccination program against rabies. Antibodies to T. gondii were detected in as many as 228 (68%) of the foxes using a commercial direct agglutination test (DAT). In an indirect iscom ELISA, five foxes (1.5%) were positive for antibodies against N. caninum. The high prevalence of foxes positive for T. gondii might be explained by the widespread occurrence of the parasite in the diet of foxes. As a contrast, latent infections of N. caninum among red foxes in Hungary are much less common.  相似文献   

Species hybrids in the genus <Emphasis Type="Italic">Phytophthora</Emphasis> with emphasis on the alder pathogen <Emphasis Type="Italic">Phytophthora alni</Emphasis>: a review     

Tibor Érsek  Zoltán Á. Nagy 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2008,122(1):31-39

This review provides a summary of recent examples of interspecific hybridisation within the oomycetous genus Phytophthora. Species hybrids either created in the laboratory or evolved in natural environments are discussed in association with evolutionary issues and possible threats they may pose to agriculture, horticulture and forestry. It is suggested that sustainable control of such hybrids will depend on the better understanding of temporal and spatial aspects of genetic mechanisms and environmental factors that lead to the hybridisation process and thus the genetic diversity in Phytophthora populations.  相似文献