Treatment Method Affects Color,Chemical, and Mineral Composition of Seabream (Sparus aurata) Fish Bone Powder from by-Products of Fish Fillet     

Nazlı Savlak  Özlem Çağındı  Gizem Erk  Birsen Öktem  Ergün Köse 《Journal Of Aquatic Food Product Technology》2020,29(6):592-602

ABSTRACT

Seabream fish bone powder was produced using different chemical methods and tap water. The effect of different chemical procedures (sodium hydroxide (NaOH); NaOH + citric acid; NaOH + sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl); NaOH + ethanol (EtOH); and NaOH + hydrogen chloride (HCl)) and tap water on proximate composition, yield, mineral composition, color, and sensorial odor was investigated. Despite its high bone powder yield (59.39%), tap water treatment was not an efficient method due to low calcium (Ca²⁺, 232.13 g/kg) and phosphorus (P, 111.63 g/kg) concentration and heavy fish odor. Sensorial odor analysis of seabream fish bone powder showed that tap water received the lowest scores (1.71/5), while chemically treated samples received sensorial odor scores higher than 4.00, with an average of 4.61, indicating that they had a very slight odor. The best fish bone powder yield was obtained using NaOH treatment (21.46%), where Ca²⁺ (276.73 g/kg) and P (147.23 g/kg) content was also high. The utilization of chemicals in combination with NaOH did not increase the sensorial odor score of seabream fish powders but resulted in a decrease in powder yield. Moreover, the mineral composition of all chemical processing techniques was comparable. Processing by-products of seabream fillet production with 8% NaOH will contribute to daily Ca²⁺ and P intake of individuals.  相似文献   

Temperature responses of NO and N₂O emissions from boreal organic soil     

Hannu T. Koponen  Claudia Escudé Duran  Jyrki Hytönen 《Soil biology & biochemistry》2006,38(7):1779-1787

Both NO and N₂O are produced in soil microbial processes and have importance in atmospheric physics and chemistry. In recent years several studies have shown that N₂O emissions from organic soils can be high at low temperatures. However, the effects of low temperature on NO emissions from soil are unknown. We studied in laboratory conditions, using undisturbed soil cores, the emissions of NO and N₂O from organic soils at various temperatures, with an emphasis on processes and emissions during soil freezing and thawing periods. We found no soil freezing- or thawing-related emission maxima for NO, while the N₂O emissions were higher both during soil freezing and thawing periods. The results suggest that different factors are involved in the regulation of NO and N₂O emissions at low temperatures.  相似文献   

MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING FEATURES OF DISCOSPONDYLITIS IN DOGS     

INÉS CARRERA  MARTIN SULLIVAN  FRASER MCCONNELL  RITA GONÇALVES 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2011,52(2):125-131

The diagnosis of discospondylitis is based mainly on diagnostic imaging and laboratory results. Herein, we describe the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings in 13 dogs with confirmed discospondylitis. In total there were 17 sites of discospondylitis. Eleven (81.1%) of the dogs had spinal pain for >3 weeks and a variable degree of neurologic signs. Two dogs had spinal pain and ataxia for 4 days. Radiographs were available in nine of the dogs. In MR images there was always involvement of two adjacent vertebral endplates and the associated disk. The involved endplates and adjacent marrow were T1‐hypointense with hyperintensity in short tau inversion recovery (STIR) images in all dogs, and all dogs also had contrast enhancement of endplates and paravertebral tissues. The intervertebral disks were hyperintense in T2W and STIR images and characterized by contrast enhancement in 15 sites (88.2%). Endplate erosion was present in 15 sites (88.2%) and was associated with T2‐hypointense bone marrow adjacent to it. In two sites (11.8%) endplate erosion was not MR images or radiographically. The vertebral bone marrow in these sites was T2‐hyperintense. Epidural extension was conspicuous in postcontrast images at 15 sites (88.2%). Spinal cord compression was present at 15 sites (88.2%), and all affected dogs had neurologic signs. Subluxation was present in two sites (11.8%). MRI shows characteristic features of discospondylitis, and it allows the recognition of the exact location and extension (to the epidural space and paravertebral soft tissues) of the infection. Furthermore, MRI increases lesion conspicuity in early discospondylitis that may not be visualized by radiography.  相似文献   

Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganesis: Tracking strains using their genetic differentiations by ISSR markers in Southern Turkey     

Ömür Baysal  Francesco Mercati  Hatice İkten  Raziye Çetinkaya Yıldız  Francesco Carimi  Yeşim Aysan  Jaime A. Teixeira da Silva 《Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology》2011,75(3):113-119

There is no available data published related to the dissemination of bacterial canker caused by Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis (Cmm) and its genetic diversity in Turkey. It is important to control new introduced inoculum sources by commercial seeds and seedlings. Pathogens were identified by morphological features and the identity was confirmed by PCR amplification using a specific primer PSA-4, PSA-R in addition to microbiological tests. ISSR markers showing high polymorphism ratios were selected and used to characterize Cmm strains. The collected strains were classified into different groups on the basis of ISSR-PCR fingerprints, which showed remarkable genetic specificity and diversity not previously identified in Cmm, suggesting that genetic differences are related to dissemination of the pathogen in the region. This is the first ever study carried out on the characterization of Cmm using ISSR. The selected ISSR primers to characterize Cmm can be used to determine genetic differences in further studies.  相似文献   

Pattern of genetic diversity of cultivated and non-cultivated mashua, <Emphasis Type="Italic">Tropaeolum tuberosum</Emphasis>, in the Cusco region of Perú     

O. R. Ortega  E. Duran  C. Arbizu  R. Ortega  W. Roca  D. Potter  C. F. Quiros 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2007,54(4):807-821

This paper analyzes the genetic diversity of mashua cultivars grown in six communities in the Cusco region of Perú, of non-cultivated forms collected in the same region, and a sample of cultivars from the germplasm collection at the International Potato Center (CIP). From the DNA fingerprinting generated by SRAP markers, it is clear that mashua is a genetically variable crop with a range of similarity ranging from 65 to 99%. The widest range of variation was found for the most isolated community, Sayllafaya. Another important finding was that most of the non-cultivated accessions are likely feral races resulting from escape to cultivation rather than wild relatives. In general the range of variation of the cultivars from the communities and their feral relatives are not represented in the cultivars sampled of the collection maintained at the International Potato Center, Perú.  相似文献   

Pharmacokinetics of phenylbutazone in llamas following single intravenous and oral doses     

C. B. Navarre  W. R. Ravis  R. Nagilla  A. Simpkins  S. H. Duran  & D. G. Pugh 《Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics》2001,24(3):227-231

  相似文献   

Pharmacokinetics of phenobarbital in the horse   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

S H Duran  W R Ravis  W M Pedersoli  J Schumacher 《American journal of veterinary research》1987,48(5):807-810

Pharmacokinetics of phenobarbital was examined in 6 mature horses after 12 mg of phenobarbital/kg of body weight was infused over 20 minutes. Biexponential decrease in serum phenobarbital concentrations was observed with a distribution-phase half-life of 0.101 +/- 0.086 hour (mean +/- SD) and a terminal-phase elimination half-life of 18.3 +/- 3.65 hours. The volume of distribution at steady state was 0.803 +/- 0.070 L/kg. Total body clearance of phenobarbital was 30.8 +/- 6.2 ml/h/kg. The high clearance in the horse seems to explain the markedly shorter half-life of phenobarbital in this species. Seemingly, 6.65 mg of phenobarbital/kg as a 20-minute infusion given every 12 hours would provide approximate peaks of 29 micrograms/ml and troughs of 15 micrograms/ml. A loading dose of 12 mg of phenobarbital/kg would be appropriate for this regimen.  相似文献   

The effect of free amino acid levels in the blood and milk of cows on protein levels in milk     

J Gabris  A Duran 《Veterinární medicína》1983,28(9):513-518

In the cows of the whole group under study, a significant negative relation (r = = -0.4797) was found between the histidine level in arterial blood and protein content in milk; further, there was a significant positive relation (r = 0.4624) between alanine level in milk and protein content in milk, and a significant negative relation (r = -0.5028) for the level of threonine. The group of cows with a higher milk output showed a significant negative relation between methionine level in milk and protein content in milk (r = -0.7482) and a highly significant negative relation between threonine level and protein content in milk (r = -0.8410). The negative relations of some amino acids to the content of protein in milk suggest that there is a poor supply of these amino acids for the production of protein in milk.  相似文献   

Treatment and care of pet pigs.     

O Duran  J Walton 《The Veterinary record》1992,131(25-26):572-573

  相似文献   

Extrapulmonary gas exchange enhances brain oxygen in pigeons   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

M H Bernstein  H L Duran  B Pinshow 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1984,226(4674):564-566

Blood in mouth, nose, and eye tissues of birds cools by evaporation, then flows to a cephalic vascular heat exchanger, the ophthalmic rete. There, acting as a heat sink, blood from the evaporative surfaces cools arterial blood flowing counter-current to it toward the brain. The brain thus remains cooler than the body core. Data for unanesthetized domestic pigeons (Columba livia) suggest that in addition to losing heat, blood perfusing the evaporative surfaces also exchanges oxygen and carbon dioxide with air. In the heat exchanger, this blood apparently gives up oxygen to, and gains carbon dioxide from, arterial blood. The consequent increase in oxygen and decrease in carbon dioxide in the brain's arterial blood enhance diffusion of these gases in, and oxygen supply to, the brain. Such events may help birds maintain the brain's oxygen supply during the high systemic demand of exercise and at the reduced oxygen availability of high altitude.  相似文献