Organic additives used in beef cattle feedlot: Effects on metabolic parameters and animal performance     

Rhaony Gonalves Leite  Elider Prates Romanzini  Lutti Maneck Delevatti  Alvair Hoffmann  Adriana Cristina Ferrari  Andr Pastori D'Aurea  Lauriston Bertelli Fernandes  Amanda Prates Oliveira  Ricardo Andrade Reis 《Animal Science Journal》2019,90(5):628-636

Organic additives are recently being used in animal diets owing to their ability to control metabolic issues and result in better animal performance. Specifically, the organic additive Fator P^® presents an additional advantage that is to cause a lesser greenhouse gas emission. This study evaluated whether Fator P^® intake changes ruminal parameters or animal performance of beef cattle. Evaluations were carried out in a feedlot experiment divided into growing (46 days; two diets [control mix—CM and standard mix—SM] and finishing (lasted 83 days; four diets: CM, SM, Fator P^® + virginiamycin, and Fator P^® alone [FP]) trials. Animal performance study involved 48 animals allocated to 12 collective pens in completely randomized experimental design. Ruminal parameters were evaluated in separate metabolism study developed carried out using individual pen with four steers. During growing trial, FP diet resulted in higher (p < 0.05) dry matter intake (DMI) and ruminating time. In the finishing trial, diets containing Fator P^® resulted in higher DMI than obtained with CM. Most of the ruminal parameters did not differ (p > 0.05) among dietary treatments. Therefore, Fator P^® represents a viable and safe strategy for supplementation to beef cattle finished using high‐concentrate diet in feedlot systems.  相似文献   

Quantification of EGFR family in canine mammary ductal carcinomas in situ: implications on the histological graduation     

Veloso  Emerson Soares  Gonçalves  Ivy Nayra Nascimento  Arantes  Jaqueline Amorim  de Abreu  Rafael Vitor Santos  Cassali  Geovanni Dantas  Ferreira  Enio 《Veterinary research communications》2019,43(2):123-129

Veterinary Research Communications - The epithelial growth factor receptors are transmembrane proteins with an important role in the neoplastic progression of tumors, and in this context, DCIS is...  相似文献   

From Natural Xanthones to Synthetic C-1 Aminated 3,4-Dioxygenated Xanthones as Optimized Antifouling Agents     

Diana I. S. P. Resende  Joana R. Almeida  Sandra Pereira  Alexandre Campos  Agostinho Lemos  Jeffrey E. Plowman  Ancy Thomas  Stefan Clerens  Vitor Vasconcelos  Madalena Pinto  Marta Correia-da-Silva  Emília Sousa 《Marine drugs》2021,19(11)

Biofouling, which occurs when certain marine species attach and accumulate in artificial submerged structures, represents a serious economic and environmental issue worldwide. The discovery of new non-toxic and eco-friendly antifouling systems to control or prevent biofouling is, therefore, a practical and urgent need. In this work, the antifouling activity of a series of 24 xanthones, with chemical similarities to natural products, was exploited. Nine (1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 16, 19, 21, and 23) of the tested xanthones presented highly significant anti-settlement responses at 50 μM against the settlement of mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis larvae and low toxicity to this macrofouling species. Xanthones 21 and 23 emerged as the most effective larval settlement inhibitors (EC₅₀ = 7.28 and 3.57 µM, respectively). Additionally, xanthone 23 exhibited a therapeutic ratio (LC₅₀/EC₅₀) > 15, as required by the US Navy program attesting its suitability as natural antifouling agents. From the nine tested xanthones, none of the compounds were found to significantly inhibit the growth of the marine biofilm-forming bacterial strains tested. Xanthones 4, 6, 8, 16, 19, 21, and 23 were found to be non-toxic to the marine non-target species Artemia salina (<10% mortality at 50 μM). Insights on the antifouling mode of action of the hit xanthones 21 and 23 suggest that these two compounds affected similar molecular targets and cellular processes in mussel larvae, including that related to mussel adhesion capacity. This work exposes for the first time the relevance of C-1 aminated xanthones with a 3,4-dioxygenated pattern of substitution as new non-toxic products to prevent marine biofouling.  相似文献   

Aurantiochytrium sp. meal as DHA source in Nile tilapia diet,part II: Body fatty acid retention and muscle fatty acid profile     

Fernando D. Brignol  Vitor A. G. Fernandes  Renata O. Nobrega  Camila F. Corrêa  Keith Filler  James Pettigrew  Dbora M. Fracalossi 《Aquaculture Research》2019,50(3):707-716

Nile tilapia juveniles (8.35 ± 0.80 g) were fed on four levels (0.0%; 0.5%; 1.0%; 2.0%, 4.0%) of Aurantiochytrium sp. meal (ALL‐G‐RICH?), a source of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). The 1% Aurantiochytrium sp. meal diet was compared to a control diet, which contained the same amount of DHA as cod liver oil (CLO) at 1.7% diet. Groups of 25 fish were stocked in 100 L tanks and fed twice daily until apparent satiation, for 57 days, at 28°C. Increasing dietary Aurantiochytrium sp. meal reduced the body retention of DHA and n‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n‐3 PUFA) but increased the body retention of alpha‐linolenic (α‐LNA), linoleic (LOA) and n‐6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n‐6 PUFA). Fatty acid profile in tilapia muscle was affected by increasing dietary inclusions of Aurantiochytrium sp. meal, with an increase in DHA, α‐LNA, n‐3 PUFA and n‐3 long chain‐polyunsaturated fatty acids (n‐3 LC‐PUFA) but a decrease in monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA), n‐6 PUFA and n‐6 long‐chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (n‐6 LC‐PUFA). There was a larger body retention of DHA, α‐LNA, LOA, n‐3 PUFA and n‐6 PUFA fatty acids and a higher percentage of DHA, n‐3 PUFA and n‐3 LC‐PUFA in muscle fatty acid profile in fish fed on CLO diets than in those fed on 1% Aurantiochytrium sp. Therefore, Aurantiochytrium sp. meal is an alternative source of DHA for Nile tilapia diets.  相似文献   

Vibrio spp. Control at Brine Shrimp,Artemia, Hatching and Enrichment     

Juliana Aguiar Interaminense  Nathalia Ferreira Calazans  Bruna Critas do Valle  Joana Lyra Vogeley  Sílvio Peixoto  Roberta Soares  Jos Vitor Lima Filho 《Journal of the World Aquaculture Society》2014,45(1):65-74

Experiments were conducted to evaluate different prophylactic methods to control the bacterial load in brine shrimp, Artemia, hatching. The first experiment evaluated three treatments to control Vibrio spp. during the Artemia hatching: microalgae (Chaetoceros calcitrans), probiotic (Bacillus spp.), and antibiotic (Florfenicol). In the second experiment, Artemia metanauplius were enriched in distinct treatments with C. calcitrans, probiotic, and emulsion rich in docosahexaenoic and eicosapentaenoic fatty acids. Enriched Artemia metanauplius and nauplii (control) were offered to white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei, postlarvae (PL₇–PL₁₉). Presumptive Vibrio were quantified in Artemia, PL, and rearing water. Microalgae and probiotic were effective to control Vibrio spp. in Artemia nauplii. The enrichment process increased the Artemia bacterial load but did not affect Vibrio load in L. vannamei.  相似文献   

Analysis of Acid Alizarin Violet N Dye Removal Using Sugarcane Bagasse as Adsorbent     

Mitter  Eduardo Kovalski  dos Santos  Graziely Cristina  de Almeida  Érica Janaína Rodrigues  Morão  Luana Galvão  Rodrigues  Heide Dayane Prates  Corso  Carlos Renato 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2012,223(2):765-770

With the development of the textile industry, there has been a demand for dye removal from contaminated effluents. In recent years, attention has been directed toward various natural solid materials that are capable of removing pollutants from contaminated water at low cost. One such material is sugarcane bagasse. The aim of the present study was to evaluate adsorption of the dye Acid Violet Alizarin N with different concentrations of sugarcane bagasse and granulometry in agitated systems at different pH. The most promising data (achieved with pH 2.5) was analyzed with both Freundlich and Langmuir isotherms equations. The model that better fits dye adsorption interaction into sugarcane bagasse is Freundlich equation, and thus the multilayer model. Moreover, a smaller bagasse granulometry led to greater dye adsorption. The best treatment was achieved with a granulometry value lower than 0.21 mm at pH 2.50, in which the total removal was estimated at a concentration of 16.25 mg mL⁻¹. Hence, sugarcane bagasse proves to be very attractive for dye removal from textile effluents.  相似文献   

Genetic analysis of Anisakis typica (Nematoda: Anisakidae) from cetaceans of the northeast coast of Brazil: new data on its definitive hosts     

Iñiguez AM  Carvalho VL  Motta MR  Pinheiro DC  Vicente AC 《Veterinary parasitology》2011,175(3-4):293-299

Prevalence and seasonal variations of helminth infections and their association with morbidity parameters were studied in traditionally reared Cambodian cattle. Four villages in two provinces of West Cambodia were visited on monthly intervals over a period of 11 months, during which 2391 animals were faecal and blood sampled for parasitological and haematological examinations. The body condition score (BCS), faecal consistency (diarrhoea score, DS), colour of the ocular conjunctivae (FAMACHA(?)) and packed cell volume were determined for each individual animal. The overall proportion of samples that was positive for gastrointestinal nematodes was 52%, 44% and 37% in calves (from 1 to 6 months), young animals (6 to 24 months) and adults (over 24 months), respectively, while geometric mean faecal egg counts (FECs) for each of these age categories were 125, 66 and 15 eggs per gram, respectively. Six genera of strongyles were found in the faecal cultures, i.e. in descending order of occurrence, Cooperia, Oesophagostomum, Haemonchus, Trichostrongylus, Mecistocirrus and Bunostomum. The prevalences of Fasciola and Paramphistomum, estimated by coprological examination, varied between 5-20% and 45-95%, respectively. Logistic mixed models were used to investigate associations of morbidity markers with the presence of parasite infection. A low BCS was associated with gastrointestinal nematode and liver fluke infections, and soft faecal consistency with Paramphistomum infections. However, other factors such as nutritional deficiencies and intercurrent diseases are likely to enhance the effects of parasites and should therefore be considered when using these morbidity parameters as indicators of parasitism.  相似文献   

Biofortification of soybean grains with foliar application of Li sources     

Antonio Carlos Martins dos Santos  Kleycianne Ribeiro Marques  Larissa Urzêdo Rodrigues  Álvaro José Gomes de Faria  Vitor L. Nascimento 《Journal of plant nutrition》2013,36(19):2522-2531

Abstract

Biofortification of soybean grains with lithium (Li) is a strategy to improve a food with high social acceptance, in order to promote health benefits. The aim of this work was to evaluate the development of plants and the production of biofortified soybeans with two Li sources. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with five replicates. Ten treatments were obtained in a 2x5 factorial scheme, comprising two sources of Li (LiOH - Li hydroxide and Li₂SO₄ - Li sulfate) and five doses (0, 30, 60, 90 and 120?mg kg^?1) in stages V4 and R1. The supply of Li promoted significant effects (p?≤?0.05) on the morphology, yield components and nutritional status of soybean plants. The highest grain yield was obtained with the use of Li₂SO₄ at the estimated dose of 45.7?mg kg^?1. The plants accumulated Li between 8.00 and 11.20?mg kg ^?1, respectively, with the use of Li₂SO₄ and LiOH. In the grains, the highest concentrations of Li were obtained with the application of 120?mg kg^?1. Li₂SO₄ and LiOH are good sources for biofortification of soybean grains.  相似文献   

Water yam (Dioscorea alata L.) diversity pattern in Brazil: an analysis with SSR and morphological markers     

Marcos V. B. M. Siqueira  Maria L. Bonatelli  Torsten Günther  Inka Gawenda  Karl J. Schmid  Vitor A. C. Pavinato  Elizabeth A. Veasey 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2014,61(3):611-624

Substantial progress was made in the last decade in understanding the diversity in Dioscorea species. However, most of the studies so far concentrated in the ‘yam belt in Africa’. We present a genetic diversity and structure analysis among commercial and local varieties of water yam (Dioscorea alata L.) in Brazil using microsatellite and morphological markers. Twelve microsatellite primers were used to generate DNA profiles of 72 local varieties and 17 commercial accessions of water yam collected in four different regions in Brazil. Also, four morphological traits were evaluated on individual plants under field conditions. The morphological characterization showed considerable diversity. High polymorphism was found with 100 % polymorphism observed for 11 primers and a discriminating power value of 0.92, on average. We did not observe a strong population structure among sampling regions, while most of the genetic diversity was concentrated within regions (95.9 %). Analysis of the relationship between accessions did not clearly separate the local and commercial genotypes. However, the molecular analyses of D. alata showed high intraspecific diversity in local accessions from different regions in Brazil, with the highest Shannon index value (H′ = 0.41) for the Southeast region. These results confirmed an admixture of accessions in all sampling regions, consistent with the lack of a significant correlation between geographic and genetic distances, suggesting that farmers exchanged water yam materials extensively. The genetic diversity can be explained by the result of a continuous exchange of accessions by farmers throughout Brazil.  相似文献   

The Antinociceptive and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Caulerpin,a Bisindole Alkaloid Isolated from Seaweeds of the Genus Caulerpa     

éverton Tenório de Souza  Daysianne Pereira de Lira  Aline Cavalcanti de Queiroz  Diogo José Costa da Silva  Anansa Bezerra de Aquino  Eliane A. Campessato Mella  Vitor Prates Lorenzo  George Emmanuel C. de Miranda  Jo?o Xavier de Araújo-Júnior  Maria Célia de Oliveira Chaves  José Maria Barbosa-Filho  Petr?nio Filgueiras de Athayde-Filho  Bárbara Viviana de Oliveira Santos  Magna Suzana Alexandre-Moreira 《Marine drugs》2009,7(4):689-704

The antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activity of caulerpin was investigated. This bisindole alkaloid was isolated from the lipoid extract of Caulerpa racemosa and its structure was identified by spectroscopic methods, including IR and NMR techniques. The pharmacological assays used were the writhing and the hot plate tests, the formalin-induced pain, the capsaicin-induced ear edema and the carrageenan-induced peritonitis. Caulerpin was given orally at a concentration of 100 μmol/kg. In the abdominal constriction test caulerpin showed reduction in the acetic acid-induced nociception at 0.0945 μmol (0.0103–1.0984) and for dypirone it was 0.0426 μmol (0.0092–0.1972). In the hot plate test in vivo the inhibition of nociception by caulerpin (100 μmol/kg, p.o.) was also favorable. This result suggests that this compound exhibits a central activity, without changing the motor activity (seen in the rotarod test). Caulerpin (100 μmol/kg, p.o.) reduced the formalin effects in both phases by 35.4% and 45.6%, respectively. The possible anti-inflammatory activity observed in the second phase in the formalin test of caulerpin (100 μmol/kg, p.o.) was confirmed on the capsaicin-induced ear edema model, where an inhibition of 55.8% was presented. Indeed, it was also observed in the carrageenan-induced peritonitis that caulerpin (100 μmol/kg, p.o.) exhibited anti-inflammatory activity, reducing significantly the number of recruit cells by 48.3%. Pharmacological studies are continuing in order to characterize the mechanism(s) responsible for the antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory actions and also to identify other active principles present in Caulerpa racemosa.  相似文献