Is the use of turmeric in the diet safe for fish?          下载免费PDF全文

Pollyanna de Moraes França Ferreira  Suellen Silva Condessa  Juliana Silva Rocha  Débora Werneck Caldas  Juliana Rodrigues Gomes  Maria Tatiana Soares  Alex Junio Silva Cardoso  Jener Alexandre Sampaio Zuanon 《Aquaculture Research》2017,48(9):4623-4631

With this study, we aimed to assess the safety of using Curcuma longa in fish feed. Juvenile Astyanax aff. bimaculatus (0.83 ± 0.04 g) were kept in 24 80‐L aquaria, at a density of 0.5 fish L^?1 for 60 days. Six diets supplemented with 0.0, 20.0, 40.0, 60.0, 80.0 and 100.0 g kg^?1 were evaluated. Histopathological analysis of the gills showed that there was an increasing linear effect of turmeric on the frequency of lamellar aneurysm, hypertrophy of mucous cells, oedema and necrosis. There was a quadratic effect of turmeric supplementation on the frequency of fusion and disruption of secondary lamellae, vacuolation and hypertrophy of the epithelial cells, and the estimated values to minimize these variables were 4.63, 25.93 and 24.46 g kg^?1 respectively. There was a quadratic effect of turmeric on the gills index (I_BRA), and the estimated value to minimize this index was 30.23 g kg^?1. No effect of turmeric on the frequency of histopathological changes and organ index in fish liver was observed. Thus, we conclude that turmeric is not hepatotoxic for A. aff. bimaculatus; however, its use is safe at concentrations up to 30.23 g kg^?1 diet as a function of its gill toxic effect at higher doses.  相似文献   

Bursatella leachii from Mar Menor as a Source of Bioactive Molecules: Preliminary Evaluation of the Nutritional Profile,In Vitro Biological Activities,and Fatty Acids Contents     

Tiago Braga  Maria João Rodrigues  Hugo Pereira  João Varela  Luísa Barreira  Mercedes González-Wangüemert 《Journal Of Aquatic Food Product Technology》2017,26(10):1337-1350

Marine invertebrates contain nutritionally important elements that make them suitable to be included in the human diet, and they are considered an outstanding source of secondary metabolites with multiple biotechnological uses. The sea hare Bursatella leachii is an invasive species in Mar Menor that can be managed through the control of its reproduction and/or by massive biomass removal. In this context, this work evaluated the possible use of biomass from B. leachii in the food and cosmetics industries. Biomass was appraised for nutritional properties, and extracts were prepared and evaluated in vitro for antioxidant and anti-inflammatory capacity, cholinesterase and tyrosinase inhibition, and for total contents in different phenolic groups. It had a moderate moisture level, low ash and fat levels, and an adequate protein amount and protein/lipid ratio. The fatty acids (FA) profile was mainly saturated, dominated by palmitic acid. The methanol extract had the highest acetylcholinesterase inhibition. The acetone extract had the strongest capacity to scavenge 1,1-diphenyl-2 picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical, reduce iron, inhibit tyrosinase, decrease nitric oxide production in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated microglia cells, and the upmost levels of total phenolics, flavonoids, and tannins. Our results suggest multiple biotechnological applications for B. leachii biomass in different economic areas.  相似文献   

A method for collecting eggs of Pseudocapillaria tomentosa (Nematoda: Capillariidae) from zebrafish Danio rerio and efficacy of heat and chlorine for killing the nematode's eggs          下载免费PDF全文

M L Martins  V Watral  J P Rodrigues‐Soares  M L Kent 《Journal of fish diseases》2017,40(2):169-182

Pseudocapillaria tomentosa is a common pathogen of zebrafish (Danio rerio) in research facilities. We developed a method to collect and concentrate the nematode eggs using a modified sugar centrifugation method and documented their normal development. Embryonating stages with blastomere formation followed by elongation of the embryo prior to larva formation cumulated in developed larvae inside the eggs and hatching after 5–10 day. We then evaluated the efficacy of heat and chlorine to kill them based on a larva development assay. Eggs were exposed to 40, 50, 60 °C for 30 min and 1 h. Chlorine treatment was performed at 100, 250, 500, 1000, 3000 and 6000 ppm for 10 min. Samples exposed to 40 °C for 30 min or 1 h showed incidences of larvated eggs similar to controls. In contrast, no larvation occurred with eggs exposed to either 50 or 60 °C for 30 min or 1 h. Remarkably, in repeated assays, samples exposed to low doses of chlorine (100, 250, 500 and 1000 ppm for 10 min) showed significantly higher incidence of larvation than controls. Eggs treated with 3000 ppm for 10 min did not develop larvae, and no eggs were found after 6000 ppm treatment.  相似文献   

Physiological responses of reared sea bream (Sparus aurata Linnaeus, 1758) to an Amyloodinium ocellatum outbreak          下载免费PDF全文

M Moreira  D Schrama  F Soares  T Wulff  P Pousão‐Ferreira  P Rodrigues 《Journal of fish diseases》2017,40(11):1545-1560

Amyloodiniosis represents a major bottleneck for semi‐intensive aquaculture production in Southern Europe, causing extremely high mortalities. Amyloodinium ocellatum is a parasitic dinoflagellate that can infest almost all fish, crustacean and bivalves that live within its ecological range. Fish mortalities are usually attributed to anoxia, associated with serious gill hyperplasia, inflammation, haemorrhage and necrosis in heavy infestations; or with osmoregulatory impairment and secondary microbial infections due to severe epithelial damage in mild infestation. However, physiological information about the host responses to A. ocellatum infestation is scarce. In this work, we analysed the proteome of gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata) plasma and relate it with haematological and immunological indicators, in order to enlighten the different physiological responses when exposed to an A. ocellatum outbreak. Using 2D‐DIGE, immunological and haematological analysis and in response to the A. ocellatum contamination we have identified several proteins associated with acute‐phase response, inflammation, lipid transport, homoeostasis, and osmoregulation, wound healing, neoplasia and iron transport. Overall, this preliminary study revealed that amyloodiniosis affects some fish functional pathways as revealed by the changes in the plasma proteome of S. aurata, and that the innate immunological system is not activated in the presence of the parasite.  相似文献   

<Emphasis Type="Italic">Curcuma longa</Emphasis> as additive in the diet for <Emphasis Type="Italic">Astyanax aff. bimaculatus</Emphasis>     

Pollyanna de Moraes França Ferreira  Maria Tatiana Soares Martins  Débora Werneck Caldas  Juliana Rodrigues Gomes  Jerusa Maria de Oliveira  Ana Lucia Salaro  Juliana Silva Rocha  Jener Alexandre Sampaio Zuanon 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》2017,43(3):691-702

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of turmeric (Curcuma longa) as additive in the diet for Astyanax aff. bimaculatus. Fish (0.83 ± 0.04 g) were fed, for 60 days, with six diets containing 0.0, 20.0, 40.0, 60.0, 80.0, and 100.0 g turmeric kg^?1 feed. There was an increasing linear effect of turmeric on the thickness of the muscular layer, and height and width of the folds of the intestine. In the liver, a quadratic effect was observed of turmeric on the percentage of hepatocyte cytoplasm and a decreasing linear effect on the percentage of sinusoid capillaries. A quadratic effect was also observed of turmeric on the liver glycogen. There was no effect of turmeric on the antioxidant activity in the liver, carcass composition or productive performance of the fish. Thus, we concluded that Curcuma longa has trophic effects on the epithelium and the muscular layer of the intestine of A. aff. bimaculatus. Additionally, low levels of Curcuma longa cause increased deposition of liver glycogen and high levels cause reduction.  相似文献   

Laboratory and field survival of Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on Bt and non‐Bt maize and its susceptibility to insecticides     

Dionei S Muraro  Cinthia G Garlet  Daniela N Godoy  Gisele E Cossa  Gerson L dos S Rodrigues Junior  Regis F Stacke  Sandro LP Medeiros  Jerson VC Guedes  Oderlei Bernardi 《Pest management science》2019,75(8):2202-2210

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Evaluation of cassava germplasm for drought tolerance under field conditions     

Eder Jorge de Oliveira  Carolina Vianna Morgante  Saulo de Tarso Aidar  Agnaldo Rodrigues de Melo Chaves  Rafaela Priscila Antonio  Jailson Lopez Cruz  Maurício Antônio Coelho Filho 《Euphytica》2017,213(8):188

The development of cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) with a high yield under water-deficit conditions is one of the goal of the breeding programs. The objective of this study was to evaluate the performance and to select cassava accessions based on drought tolerance indices and productive potential under water stress. Forty-nine accessions were evaluated for five agronomic traits (plant height—PH, root yield—RoY, shoot yield—ShY, harvest index—HI; and dry matter content of roots—DMC) under full irrigation conditions and drought stress (DS). The accessions were selected based on: (i) high yield under drought conditions (HY-DS) and (ii) high drought tolerance (Dr-To) based on six different indices. Overall, water stress dramatically reduced the traits’ means (RoY—72.98%, ShY—54.95%, DMC—26.15%, HI—31.05%, and PH—32.95%). Low coincidence among the top ten accessions was identified based on HY-DS and Dr-To criteria. Therefore, considering only the most important traits (RoY and ShY), five accessions (BGM0815, BGM0598, 9624-09, BGM0818, and BRS Formosa) presented high HY-DS. In contrast, to Dr-To criterion, eight and nine accessions were selected for high yield of the aerial part (ShY and PH) and roots (RoY and DMC), respectively. The mean productivity, geometric mean productivity, and drought tolerance indices were the most promising to identify genotypes with high agronomic attributes, while drought susceptibility index, susceptibility, and yield stability index were suitable to identify the most drought tolerant accessions. This set of selected accessions can be used in breeding programs aimed at high yield and drought tolerance.  相似文献   

Implications of the population effect in the selection of soybean progeny          下载免费PDF全文

Francielly de Cássia Pereira  Adriano Teodoro Bruzi  José Wilacildo de Matos  Breno Alvarenga Rezende  Luis Claudio Prado  José Airton Rodrigues Nunes 《Plant Breeding》2017,136(5):679-687

The goal of this study was to verify the influence of the population effect in the estimates of genetic and phenotypic components and to identify the best soybean progeny or lines in a commercial soybean breeding programme. We evaluated 292 populations for grain yield and absolute maturity during three agricultural years. To quantify the efficiency of the inclusion of the population's effect in the model, we estimated genetic gain with the selection, the Spearman's correlation, the coincidence index, the realized gain and correlated response of selected genotypes with and without the effect of the population. It was found that the variance components, heritability and coefficient of experimental variation were better estimated when the effect of the population was included, providing greater gain with selection for grain yield and absolute maturity. Coincidence and ranking among the selected progeny with and without the effect of the population are of greater magnitude in more advanced inbreeding generations and at higher percentage of selected progeny. The use of the population effect has greater importance in earlier generations of inbreeding.  相似文献   

Evaluation of onion accessions for resistance to thrips in Brazilian semi-arid regions     

Gleyce de Oliveira Ferreira  Valter Rodrigues Oliveira  José Adalberto de Alencar  Danillo Olegário Matos da Silva 《The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology》2017,92(5):550-558

This study aimed to evaluate onion accessions regarding their resistance to Thrips tabaci Lindeman, in order to enable the development of cultivars that are resistant to this pest. The experiments were carried out without chemical control, in a randomized block design with three replications, in Petrolina, PE and Juazeiro, BA. Six evaluations of thrips populations were carried out starting 15 days after transplanting, each one after 7 days. Simple correlations were estimated among all variables. Statistical differences were observed for the number of adults in different evaluations, while the number of nymphs showed no statistical differences. The largest average yields of commercial bulbs were observed for ‘Vale Ouro IPA 11?, ‘BRS Alfa São Francisco’, ‘Franciscana IPA 10? and ‘Sirius F1? while ‘Red Creole’, ‘Creole Mercosul’ and ‘Conquista’ had the lowest yield. The bulb commercial yield had simple negative correlations with nymph degree of infestation (DI) in the four evaluation phases and adult DIs at 22 days. Negative correlations between commercial bulb yield and central angle of the plant were observed, indicating that plants with higher bulb yield have a lower angle of the central leaves. The results of the study suggest that the resistance mechanism is due mainly to tolerance to the pest.  相似文献   

Water-use efficiency and evapotranspiration of mango orchard grown in northeastern region of Brazil     

Vicente de Paulo Rodrigues da Silva  Joo Hugo Baracuy da Cunha Campos  Pedro Vieira de Azevedo 《Scientia Horticulturae》2009,120(4):467-472

Knowledge of evapotranspiration (ET) and water-use efficiency (WUE) is essential in crops management mainly in arid and semiarid regions where water resources are scarce for irrigation. Field experiments were conducted at a commercial farm to obtain the WUE and ET of mango orchard growth in a semiarid environment of northeastern region of Brazil. Measurements were performed within a randomly selected experimental plot with the spacing of 10 m × 5 m between rows and plants. Soil water balance method was used to obtain the mango orchard evapotranspiration while the Penman–Monteith method (FAO/56) was used for determination reference evapotranspiration (ET_o). Soil water content was determined by six tensiometer sets installed at 0.20 m layer intervals from the soil surface down to 1.20 m soil depth. The experimental plot was irrigated with a sprinkler irrigation system based on four irrigation levels (T1 = 70%, T2 = 80%, T3 = 90% and T4 = 100% of ET_o. Results showed that ET and WUE are strongly influenced by soil water availability. Mango yield varied from a minimum value of 28.06 ton/ha in treatment T4 to a maximum value of 31.06 ton/ha in treatment T3. Such difference was found to be statistically significant (P < 0.05) by Tukey's test. Results also indicated that WUE values based on irrigation and evapotranspiration were maximum and minimum for low (treatment T1) and high (treatment T4) water levels, respectively.  相似文献