Einfluss schwach wachsender Apfelunterlagen auf Wachstum, Ertrag und Fruchtgröße verschiedener Sorten – Teil III: ‘Jonagored’     

Werner Dierend  Anette Bier-Kamotzke 《Erwerbs-Obstbau》2008,50(4):123-128

From 2001 to 2005 the influence of the dwarfed apple rootstocks M 9 (clone: Burgmer 984), Fleuren 56, Supporter 1, P 16, P 22, J-TE-F, J-TE-E and M 27 on growth, yield and fruit size of the apple variety ‘Jonagored’ was investigated on the locations Auweiler, Dresden-Pillnitz, Osnabrück and Wurzen in Germany. All rootstocks induced a less vegetative growth as the rootstock M 9. In comparison with M 9 the crown volume of the trees ranged from 91% (Supporter 1) to 57% (M 27). The highest yield potential showed the rootstocks P 16 and M 9. The specific yield (kg/m³) of P 16 was 2% higher than the specific yield of M 9. J-TE-F produced the lowest specific yield.  相似文献   

Semi‐quantitative methods yield greater inter‐ and intraobserver agreement than subjective methods for interpreting 99mtechnetium‐hydroxymethylene‐diphosphonate uptake in equine thoracic processi spinosi          下载免费PDF全文

Claudia van Zadelhoff  Anna Ehrle  Roswitha Merle  Werner Jahn  Christoph Lischer 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2018,59(4):469-476

Scintigraphy is a standard diagnostic method for evaluating horses with back pain due to suspected thoracic processus spinosus pathology. Lesion detection is based on subjective or semi‐quantitative assessments of increased uptake. This retrospective, analytical study is aimed to compare semi‐quantitative and subjective methods in the evaluation of scintigraphic images of the processi spinosi in the equine thoracic spine. Scintigraphic images of 20 Warmblood horses, presented for assessment of orthopedic conditions between 2014 and 2016, were included in the study. Randomized, blinded image evaluation was performed by 11 veterinarians using subjective and semi‐quantitative methods. Subjective grading was performed for the analysis of red‐green‐blue and grayscale scintigraphic images, which were presented in full‐size or as masked images. For the semi‐quantitative assessment, observers placed regions of interest over each processus spinosus. The uptake ratio of each processus spinosus in comparison to a reference region of interest was determined. Subsequently, a modified semi‐quantitative calculation was developed whereby only the highest counts‐per‐pixel for a specified number of pixels was processed. Inter‐ and intraobserver agreement was calculated using intraclass correlation coefficients. Inter‐ and intraobserver intraclass correlation coefficients were 41.65% and 71.39%, respectively, for the subjective image assessment. Additionally, a correlation between intraobserver agreement, experience, and grayscale images was identified. The inter‐ and intraobserver agreement was significantly increased when using semi‐quantitative analysis (97.35% and 98.36%, respectively) or the modified semi‐quantitative calculation (98.61% and 98.82%, respectively). The proposed modified semi‐quantitative technique showed a higher inter‐ and intraobserver agreement when compared to other methods, which makes it a useful tool for the analysis of scintigraphic images. The association of the findings from this study with clinical and radiological examinations requires further investigation.  相似文献   

Die Molybdänversorgung der Thüringer Böden und der Einfluß einer Molybdändüngung auf Ertrag,Rohprotein- und Mineralstoffgehalt von Luzerne     

Karl-Heinz Müller  Erhard Wuth  Bodo Witter  Richard Ebeling  Werner Bergmann 《Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science》2013,59(4-5):353-373

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Der Einfluß verschiedener Umweltfaktoren auf den Borgehalt Thüringer Böden     

Lothar Büchel  Werner Bergmann 《Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science》2013,59(8-9):635-648

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Morphological changes during the transition from freshwater to sea water in an amphidromous goby,Sicyopterus lagocephalus (Pallas 1770) (Teleostei)          下载免费PDF全文

Céline Ellien  Ugo Werner  Philippe Keith 《Ecology of Freshwater Fish》2016,25(1):48-59

The widely distributed amphidromous goby Sicyopterus lagocephalus needs drastic change of habitat to fulfil its life cycle: adults live and spawn in rivers, where eggs hatch into prolarvae that have to reach the sea to acquire characteristics of planktonic larvae. Postlarvae return to rivers where they recruit and grow to the adult reproductive stage. Here, we describe the prolarval stages, namely from hatching to first contact with sea water, as well as the first marine larval stages. The observations were made under experimental conditions. We described 3 prolarval substages in freshwater (L1a–L1c). Prolarvae present a slight but visible ontogenetic development in freshwater, during which the yolk sac begins to reduce, the pigmentation increases on the body and in the eyes, and the lenses appear, although the eyes are not functional. Prolarvae need to reach the sea in a maximum of 96 h to pursue their development. Their transfer in sea water at a salinity of 36.5 induces important morphological modifications (i.e. yolk sac full absorption, appearance of pectoral fins, migration of the eyes in anterolateral position of the head, opening of mouth and anus), enabling the organisms to adapt to their new environment. This marine stage is divided into two substages: L2a corresponding to the organisation of the morphological structures adapted to the marine environment and L2b during which these morphological structures become functional. Whether it is in freshwater or sea water, the duration of the substages depends on the water temperature, but is similar for all individuals for a given temperature.  相似文献   

Zum Tode von Dr. Walter Bosshard     

Ulrich Ammer  Werner Kroth  Karl E. Rehfuess  Walter Schöpfer  Peter Schütt  Bernhard Ulrich  Friedrich Georgi  Rudolf Georgi 《European Journal of Forest Research》1986,105(1):445-445

Ohne Zusammenfassung  相似文献   

Histological studies of infection processes by Dothichiza populea Sacc. et Briard in susceptible and resistant poplar clones1     

A. Werner  R. Siwecki 《Forest Pathology》1978,8(4):217-226

In laboratory conditions, five poplar clones of varying resistance were artificially inoculatcd with mycelium of Dothichiza populea. At weekly intervals thereafter on three occasions the host-pathogen interaction was studied and recorded histologically.  相似文献   

Microclimate in agroforestry systems in central Amazonia: does canopy closure matter to soil organisms?   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

Christopher Martius  Hubert Höfer  Marcos V.B. Garcia  Jörg Römbke  Bernhard Förster  Werner Hanagarth 《Agroforestry Systems》2004,60(3):291-304

Microclimate was recorded and soil organisms were collected 1997-1999 in ecosystem stands of contrasting structure in central Amazonia (a primary forest, a 12-year secondary forest, two different agroforestry systems, a rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis) plantation, and a peach palm (Bactris gasipaes) monoculture with a densely closed canopy). The aim was to look at the effects of canopy closure on microclimate and soil organisms. Monthly maxima temperature, average air and soil temperatures, and saturation deficit were highest in September 1997, and total annual rainfall in 1997 was 12-28% lower than in the other study years. The monthly average litter temperatures were consistently 2-4 °C higher in the plantation sites than in the rainforest and the secondary forest, and temperatures on single days (not the monthly averages) in the plantations were up to 10 °C higher than in the primary forest. The highest average litter and soil temperatures and the highest temperature maxima were recorded in the agroforestry plantations. Canopy closure strongly determined the litter temperatures in the sites. Soil macrofauna biomass was also strongly correlated to canopy closure (linear regression, P = 0.05). We conclude that a well developed canopy effectively protects the soil macrofauna from high temperature variation and drought stress. Therefore, optimizing these agroforestry systems for canopy closure may contribute to a better management of the beneficial soil decomposer community. This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

Responses of in vitro grown pine seedlings to infection by four strains of Heterobasidion annosum1     

A. Werner 《Forest Pathology》1987,17(2):93-101

Scots pine seedlings growing in pure cultures were inoculated with 4 isolates of Heterobasidion annosum. Significant variation in resistance to this pathogen was observed within and among progenies of pine trees selected at two different locations. Mycorrhizal synthesis occurred more frequently in cases where seedlings were inoculated with less pathogenic isolates of the pathogen.  相似文献   

Distribution of Heterobasidion annosum intersterility groups in Poland     

P. Łakomy  A. Werner 《Forest Pathology》2003,33(2):105-112

Specimens of Heterobasidion annosum were collected in 104 different stands in 43 regions of Poland. Pure cultures originating from 439 collections were identified in mating tests. Three intersterility groups, P, S and F, of H. annosum were found. Their occurrence in Poland was connected with the natural distribution of the main hosts: Pinus sylvestris, Picea abies and Abies alba, respectively. P was the most common intersterility group of H. annosum in Poland, causing mortality in Scots pine plantations and root rot in older stands. It was also isolated from Betula pendula, P. abies, Larix decidua, Fagus sylvatica and Carpinus betulus. The S group was present in the southern and north‐eastern parts of the country, causing root and butt rot mostly in spruce stands. The F group occurred in the south of Poland, in the mountains, highlands and lowland up to the northern border of the distribution of fir. It was found only on stumps, old dead trees and logs. There was no evidence of damage caused by the F group on A. alba trees.  相似文献