Authors'' reply     

Carol A.  Swain  Gail  Ribble James W.  Wilson 《Veterinary surgery : VS》1989,18(2):87-87

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Effects of season, age and increased photoperiod on reproductive hormone concentrations and testicular diameters in thoroughbred stallions     

P.J. Burns PhD  M.J. Jawad MS  J.M. Weld MVB  MRCVS  W.C. Kaufman DVM  D.M. Witherspoon DVM  PhD  E.A. Wilson MD  R.H. Douglas PhD 《Journal of Equine Veterinary Science》1984,4(5):202-208

Testicular diameters and monthly blood samples were obtained from 83 stallions aged 4 to 22 years that were maintained on Central Kentucky Thoroughbred stud farms. The effects of age, season, and exposure to increased photoperiod (16 hours light/day, December 15 to April 1) on testicular diameters and plasma concentrations of FSH, LH and testosterone were studied.The results indicated that Thoroughbred stallions show distinct seasonal and age related changes in most of the reproductive parameters studied and that exposure of such stallions to increased photoperiod produced significant alterations in these changes. Although lighting stimulated testicular growth and testosterone secretion early in the breeding season such changes were short lived. Lighted stallions appeared to become refractory to the lighting program since both testicular size and plasma testosterone concentrations were significantly reduced by June.  相似文献   

ADDRESS OF THE CHAIRMAN OF THE SOCIAL SCIENCE RESEARCH COUNCIL     

Wilson EB 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1943,97(2512):169-172

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ON QUININE SULPHATE AND HUMAN BLOOD     

Wilson TM 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1907,26(660):258-260

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AN EASY WAY TO REDUCE ELECTRIFICATION OF PARAFFIN RIBBONS     

Wilson C  Hockaday JS 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1935,82(2126):306

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Similarities and differences in meat consumption patterns in Asia and Pacific-Rim countries   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Seiichi KOIZUMI  Shinichi KOBAYASHI  In-Jen PAN  Shinichi TAKAKU  Masao BABA  Raymond A. JUSSAUME Jr    Paul RIETHMULLER  Julian MORISON  J. C. RYOO  C. W. LIN  I. H. LIN  H. ZHOU  Apichai RATANAWARAHA  Minoru NAGANO 《Animal Science Journal》2002,73(4):293-300

This study investigated consumer behavior towards meat across Asia and Pacific-Rim countries. Mail surveys were undertaken in 1994 and 1995. Data was obtained from 6197 households in Japan, the USA (mainland and Japanese–Americans in Hawaii), Australia, Thailand, Korea, Taiwan and China. The data were mainly analyzed using cluster analysis to determine the distance between each country and to classify countries into groups. Japanese respondents purchased beef more frequently than respondents from other countries. The average amount purchased on each occasion was far more for Australian respondents than for respondents from other countries, while Japanese purchased far less. Respondents in Japan, Korea, China and Australia thought beef was the most expensive meat, whereas lamb was thought to be the most expensive in the remaining countries. Chinese respondents indicated the highest consciousness of price indexes. The level of uneasiness about eating meat indicated by Asian respondents was relatively strong compared with respondents in Hawaii, the USA and Australia. Average ratings (semantic differential scale) on plans for future meat consumption were higher for beef than for other meats in Korea and China, whereas chicken was rated higher in the other countries. From the dendrogram, surveyed countries were classified into three groups: Japan, Taiwan and Korea; Thailand and China; and the USA, Japanese–Americans and Australia. Among them, the first and second clusters merged into a larger cluster, the 'Asian' group.  相似文献   

Biting and screaming behavior in parrots.     

L Wilson 《Veterinary Clinics of North America: Exotic Animal Practice》2001,4(3):641-650

Biting and excessive screaming in companion parrots are common problems, but they are also correctable. Through clear and unaggressive training and the consistent use of commands, controls, and limits on their behaviour, parrots can learn how to successfully share the human habitat.  相似文献   

Pharmacologic treatment of priapism in two horses.     

D V Wilson  F A Nickels  M A Williams 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》1991,199(9):1183-1184

Benztropine mesylate was used successfully to treat priapism that developed during anesthesia in 2 horses. After IV injection, there was a rapid resolution of signs in both horses, and no side effects were observed. The choice of an effective method to treat priapism is challenging because precise causes in most patients have not been well-defined. Benztropine mesylate is a synthetic compound resulting from the combination of the active portions of atropine and diphenhydramine, and is believed effective because of its central acetyl-choline-antagonizing properties.  相似文献   

The influence of nutritional and management factors on piglet weight gain to weaning in a commercial herd in Denmark     

J. Callesen  D. Halas  F. Thorup  K.E. Bach Knudsen  J.C. Kim  B.P. Mullan  R.H. Wilson  J.R. Pluske   《Livestock Science》2007,108(1-3):117-119

The effects of weaning age, type of creep diet and the classification of piglets as ‘eaters’ or ‘non eaters’ of creep feed on weight gain to weaning were examined. Four antimicrobial-free diets were offered from day 14 of lactation: (i) wheat-soy based diet with animal and vegetable (‘mixed’) protein sources (COMM), (ii) heat-processed rice (HPR) with barley hulls and potato starch and mixed protein sources (RBPS), (iii) HPR with sugar-beet pulp and mixed protein sources (RSBP), and (iv) HPR with mixed protein sources (R). Pigs were weaned at an average of either 27 (early) or 33 (late) days of age. A dye (indigo carmine) was added to each diet at day 24 of lactation in both groups to classify piglets as ‘eaters’ or ‘non eaters’ of creep feed, based on appearance or non-appearance, respectively, of dye in faeces. Pigs weaned late weighed 1.4 kg more (P < 0.001). Weaning age interacted with diet type and eating classification for weaning weight (P < 0.001). Of the 1067 piglets where classification of the faecal dye was possible, 829 (77.7%) were ‘eaters’ and 238 (22.3%) were ‘non eaters’. This qualitative estimate of creep feed consumption did not influence weight gain to weaning (P > 0.05).  相似文献   

Infection with Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus stimulates an early gamma interferon response in the serum of pigs          下载免费PDF全文

Ronald D. Wesley  Kelly M. Lager    Marcus E. Kehrli  Jr. 《Canadian journal of veterinary research》2006,70(3):176-182

The early release of cytokines by cells involved in innate immunity is an important host response to intracellular pathogens. Gamma interferon (IFN-gamma) is an important cytokine produced during the early stages of an infection by macrophages, natural killer (NK) cells, and other cell types, and it is also a central cytokine mediator for the induction of cellular or Th1 immunity. To better understand innate and adaptive immune responses after infection with Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), we investigated serum IFN-gamma concentrations and the duration of viremia. For 2 strains of atypical PRRSV, IFN-gamma was detectable in swine serum soon after infection and lasted for approximately 3 wk. Serum concentrations of IFN-gamma peaked at about 10 d after inoculation and returned to approximately baseline levels by day 22. However, individual pigs manifested short, sporadic increases in the serum concentration of IFN-gamma from 18 to 50 d after inoculation. Prior vaccination blocked the serum IFN-gamma response associated with homologous virus challenge and altered the kinetics of the response after heterologous challenge. Two other respiratory viruses of pigs, Porcine respiratory coronavirus and Swine influenza virus, do not appear to induce serum IFN-gamma. The early production of IFN-gamma in PRRSV-infected pigs might result from activation of NK cells, a response that is more characteristic of immune pathways stimulated by intracellular bacterial and protozoan infections.  相似文献