68.75%噁酮.锰锌水分散粒剂对柑橘黑点病的防治效果          下载免费PDF全文

蒲占湑  季卫东  黄振东  董方圆  李红叶 《中国果业信息》2024,53(3)

柑橘黑点病(Diaporthe citri)是危害柑橘最严重的病害之一,每年需要喷施4-5次杀菌剂进行防治,为明确68.75%噁酮.锰锌WG对柑橘果实黑点病的防治效果,分别在浙江黄岩和常山进行了田间试验。结果发现黄岩试验点68.75%噁酮.锰锌WG 500倍全程5次对黑点病的防治效果为84.79%、常山试验点同样药剂800倍全程4次对黑点病的防治效果为74.10%,效果不亚于常规推荐的杀菌剂代森锰锌,说明68.75%噁酮.锰锌WG 500-800倍在柑橘花谢2/3后开始第一次用药,隔20-25天喷施一次,共用药4-5次,可有效防治柑橘黑点病。  相似文献   

生猪废水处理和磷回收工艺中抗生素和耐药细菌的削减特征   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

王蕾  黄栩 《农业现代化研究》2021,42(2):254-262

调查生猪废水处理和磷回收工艺中,厌氧消化、氧化池、磷回收流化床和潜流人工湿地对水质参数、抗生素、耐药细菌和病原菌丰度削减的贡献。结果表明,在水质指标方面,厌氧消化对COD的去除率最大,为40.28%;人工湿地对TP和NH_4~+-N的去除率最大,分别达到53.33%和67.74%;流化床对TP的去除率为49.94%。在抗生素吸附和降解方面,厌氧消化、流化床和人工湿地对土霉素(OTC)和环丙沙星(CIP)具有较大幅度的去除,去除率范围分别为32.27%～63.77%和40.44%～44.11%;厌氧消化、氧化池和人工湿地对磺胺二甲嘧啶(SM2)具有中等幅度的去除,去除率范围为18.10%～28.52%。在耐药细菌方面,厌氧消化作为一级处理工艺对各类型耐药细菌均具有最大去除率(50%);同样作为三级处理工艺,人工湿地能进一步削减耐药细菌的数量,而流化床出水中以奇异变形杆菌、鼠伤寒沙门氏菌和宋内氏志贺氏菌为主的耐药细菌数量出现反弹。微生物群落分析发现,人工湿地在降低病原细菌丰度方面优势显著。研究表明,设置潜流人工湿地承接流化床出水可进一步深化处理生猪废水。  相似文献   

Screening of Feather Degrading Bacteria and Optimization of Fer-mentation Conditions from Poultry     

Qin Wen-chao  Chen Zhi-hui  Chen Ying-lin  Ma Cheng-zhan  Sun Hao  Lian Li-na  Zhao Ze-yu  Zhao Cheng  Sun Jia-you  Bai Yang  Xu Liang-mei 《东北农业大学学报(英文版)》2021,28(4):56-67

The purpose of this experiment was to isolate and screen the microorganisms from the soil where chicken feathers were piled for a long time and identify them bi...  相似文献   

猪萎缩性鼻炎的研究进展   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

贾晓剑  董重阳  郑炜  孙斌 《黑龙江八一农垦大学学报》2007,19(4):76-81

猪萎缩性鼻炎(Porcine atrophic rhinitis,PAR)是猪的一种重要的呼吸系统疾病,是影响猪肉生产的一个重要原因之一。本文介绍了PAR的致病因素,综述了近年来流行病学、临床症状及临床诊断的研究现状,并对PAR的防治做了展望。  相似文献   

pH值和Ca~（2＋）浓度对日本沼虾生长和能量收支的影响   总被引：19，自引：2，他引：19  

董双林  堵甫山  赖伟 《水产学报》1994,(2)

本文报道了不同ｐＨ值（６．５、７．５和８．５）和不同Ｃａ２＋浓度（３８．８．６１．１和７８．８ｐｐｍ）对日本沼虾生长和能量收支的影响。实验结果表明，ｐＨ值对该虾的生长有一定的影响，Ｃａ２＋和ｐＨ值在影响其生长的过程中可能有一定的交互作用。ｐＨ值和Ｃａ２＋对该虾生长的影响主要是通过影响其能量摄入量实现的。本实验条件下，该虾摄入的能量平均有１５．８％用于生长，１．８％作为粪便排出体外，其余用于呼吸和排泄。  相似文献   

饵料对中间球海胆品质的影响   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

邱东  孔泳滔  王琦  陈顺华  程振明  钟伟 《水产科学》2005,24(7):32-34

饵料种类对中间球海胆的品质有显著影响。长期摄食鲜海带或裙带菜的海胆生殖腺呈橘红色和橘黄色,摄食孔石莼为浅橘红色和橘黄色,摄食人工配合饲料为土黄色和乳白色。长期摄食鲜海藻类的海胆生殖腺味道甜美,口感上佳;而摄食人工配合饲料的则有苦涩味。饵料种类及其交替方式决定了海胆生殖腺色泽和口感的转变速度,其中鲜海藻类间转换速度基本一致,均需60d可完成;而人工配合饲料则需80d方能完成。中间球海胆消化道的颜色更易受饵料种类的影响,其转换速度与饵料种类和交替方式无关,20d即有明显表现,40d可完成。  相似文献   

The impacts of aquaculture development on food security: lessons from Bangladesh     

Khondker Murshed E‐Jahan  Mahfuzuddin Ahmed  Ben Belton 《Aquaculture Research》2010,41(4):481-495

Fish contribute a significant amount of animal protein to the diets of people in Bangladesh, about 63% of which comes from aquatic animals. In Bangladesh, fish is mainly derived from two sources: capture and culture. Aquaculture has shown tremendous growth in the last two decades, exhibiting by about 10% average annual growth in production. Capture fisheries, although still the major source of supply of fish, have become static or are in decline due to over‐fishing and environmental degradation, and it is now believed that aquaculture has the greatest potential to meet the growing demand for fish from the increasing population. At present, aquaculture production accounts for about one‐third of the total fish production in Bangladesh. This paper examines the impact of an aquaculture development project in Bangladesh on food security, with particular emphasis on the poor. The analysis shows a positive impact of aquaculture development on employment, income and consumption. A number of implications for policy in areas that might strengthen these outcomes are discussed and recommendations are presented.  相似文献   

Enhancement of gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) larval growth by dietary vitamin E in relation to two different levels of essential fatty acids     

E. Atalah  C. M. Hernández‐Cruz  R. Ganga  E. Ganuza  T. Benítez‐Santana  J. Roo  H. Fernández‐Palacios  M. S. Izquierdo 《Aquaculture Research》2012,43(12):1816-1827

The objective of this study was to determine the effect of dietary vitamin E on gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) growth and survival, at two different highly unsaturated fatty acids (HUFAs) levels. Eighteen days old gilthead seabream larvae were fed four formulated experimental diets combining two different dietary levels of HUFAs (M: medium 2.5 + 1.5, DHA + EPA, H: high 5 + 2.5 DHA + EPA g per 100 g) with two different levels of vitamin E (M: medium 540 mg kg^?1, H: high 2900 mg kg^?1): MM, MH, HM, HH (HUFA/vitamin E). After 2‐week feeding trial, the average survival rate was 52.6% and there were no significant differences found among treatments. Increase in vitamin E up to high level markedly improved larval growth, particularly when dietary HUFA levels were lower, suggesting a higher protection value when these fatty acids are more limiting. At medium dietary HUFA levels, increase in vitamin E from medium to high level enhanced larval growth performance in terms of total length. Moreover, increase in vit E enhanced HUFAs content in the larval polar lipids denoting the anti‐oxidative effect of vitamin E.  相似文献   

Multilocus sequence typing detects new Piscirickettsia salmonis hybrid genogroup in Chilean fish farms: Evidence for genetic diversity and population structure     

Adolfo Isla  Mnica Saldarriaga‐Crdoba  Derie E. Fuentes  Romina Albornoz  Denise Haussmann  Jorge Mancilla‐Schulz  Alexis Martínez  Jaime Figueroa  Ruben Avendao‐Herrera  Alejandro Yez 《Journal of fish diseases》2019,42(5):721-737

Piscirickettsia salmonisis the causative bacterial pathogen of piscirickettsiosis, a salmonid disease that causes notable mortalities in the worldwide aquaculture industry. Published research describes the phenotypic traits, virulence factors, pathogenicity and antibiotic‐resistance potential for various P. salmonisstrains. However, evolutionary and genetic information is scarce for P. salmonis. The present study used multilocus sequence typing (MLST) to gain insight into the population structure and evolution of P. salmonis. Forty‐two Chilean P. salmonisisolates, as well as the type strain LF‐89^T, were recovered from diseased Salmo salar, Oncorhynchus kisutchand Oncorhynchus mykissfrom two Chilean Regions. MLST assessed the loci sequences of dnaK, efp, fumC, glyA, murG, rpoD and trpB. Bioinformatics analyses established the genetic diversity among P. salmonis isolates (H = 0.5810). A total of 23 sequence types (ST) were identified, 53.48% of which were represented by ST1, ST5 and ST2. Population structure analysis through polymorphism patterns showed few polymorphic sites (218 nucleotides from 4,010 bp), while dN/dS ratio analysis indicated purifying selection for dnaK, epf, fumC, murG, and rpoD but neutral selection for the trpB loci. The standardized index of association indicated strong linkage disequilibrium, suggesting clonal population structure. However, recombination events were detected in a group of seven isolates. Findings included genogroups homologous to the LF‐89^T and EM‐90 strains, as well as a seven‐isolate hybrid genogroup recovered from both assessed regions (three O. mykiss and four S. salar isolates). The presented MLST scheme has comparative potential, with promising applications in studying distinct P. salmonis isolates (e.g., from different hosts, farms, geographical areas) and in understanding the epidemiology of this pathogen.  相似文献   

Effects of lysine and methionine supplementation on growth,body composition and digestive function of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) fed plant protein diets using high‐level canola meal          下载免费PDF全文

J. Jiang  D. Shi  X.‐Q. Zhou  L. Feng  Y. Liu  W.‐D. Jiang  P. Wu  L. Tang  Y. Wang  Y. Zhao 《Aquaculture Nutrition》2016,22(5):1126-1133

A 76‐day feeding trial was carried out to evaluate the effects of Lysine and Methionine supplementation on growth and digestive capacity of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) fed plant protein diets using high‐level canola meal (CM). Fish with initial average weight 103.9 ± 0.6 g were fed three extruded diets. Fish meal (FM) diet was formulated as the normal control with 40 g kg^?1 FM and 300 g kg^?1 CM; CM diet was prepared by replacing all FM with CM (total 340 g kg^?1) without Lys or Met supplementation; CM supplement (CMS) diet was similar to CM diet but was supplemented with essential amino acids (EAA) to ensure the levels of Lys and Met similar to those in the FM diet. Feed intake, feed efficiency and specific growth rate of the grass carp fed CMS and FM diets were similar (P > 0.05), but higher than those of the grass carp fed CM diet (P < 0.05). The hepatosomatic index, relative gut length, intestosomatic index and intestinal folds height were significantly improved in fish fed FM and CMS diets as compared to CM diet (P < 0.05). Lower activities of trypsin, lipase and amylase in hepatopancreas were observed in fish fed CM diet (P < 0.05). Three hundred and forty gram per kilogram CM without Lys or Met supplementation significantly decreased trypsin, lipase and amylase mRNA levels in hepatopancreas (P < 0.05). These results indicated that the high supply of CM (340 g kg^?1) in plant protein (200 g kg^?1 soybean meal and 100 g kg^?1 cottonseed meal) diets decreased digestive ability through decreasing digestive enzyme activities and enzyme gene's expressions of grass carp, and these side effects can be reversed by supplementing Lys and Met. Therefore, CM could be high level used in a plant protein blend‐based extruded diet for grass carp as long as EAA were supplemented.  相似文献