Quantitative trait loci for fruit size and flowering time-related traits under domestication and diversifying selection in cucumber (Cucumis sativus)     

Yunyan Sheng  Yupeng Pan  Yuhong Li  Luming Yang  Yiqun Weng 《Plant Breeding》2020,139(1):176-191

In cucumber, the genetic basis of traits under domestication and/or diversifying selection is not well understood. Here, we reported QTL mapping for flowering time and fruit size-related traits with segregating populations derived from a cultivated × wild cross. Phenotypic data of flowering time (FT), fruit size (FS), fruit number (FN) and fruit weight per plant (FW) were collected in multiple environments. QTL analysis identified 19 QTL for these traits. We found that the major-effect QTL FT1.1 played an important role in regulating flowering time in cultivated cucumber, whereas the minor-effect QTL FT6.3 contributed to photoperiod sensitive flowering time during domestication. Two novel consensus FS QTL, FS1.4 and FS2.3, seem to be the targets of selection during breeding for the US processing cucumber. All other FS QTL were co-localized with previously detected QTL using populations derived from cultivated cucumbers, suggesting that they were under selection during both initial domestication and subsequent improvement. Results from this study also suggested that the wild cucumber is a useful resource for capturing positive transgressive segregation and novel alleles that could be explored in cucumber breeding.  相似文献   

β-carotene attenuates weaning-induced apoptosis via inhibition of PERK-CHOP and IRE1-JNK/p38 MAPK signalling pathways in piglet jejunum     

Ruonan Li  Yu Yang  Pan Hong  Ziqi Zhang  Lingqian Li  Junnan Hui  Xin Zheng 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2020,104(1):280-290

Weaning may cause oxidative injury, immune response impairment, apoptosis and other injuries in piglets. Oxidative and endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) can elicit inflammatory responses, and persistent oxidative and ERS also may lead to apoptotic cascades, which is associated with the pathogenesis of multiple diseases. β-carotene, a natural carotenoid, has potential anti-inflammatory and antioxidant functions. However, the effect of β-carotene on apoptosis in weaned piglets and the detailed molecular mechanism remain unclear. In this study, we found that β-carotene decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and increased the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) in piglet serum. β-carotene could inhibit the mRNA levels of caspase-3 significantly, but had no significant inhibitory effect of the mRNA levels of caspase-9 and caspase-12 in the piglet jejunum. In addition, β-carotene decreased the activation of GRP78, CHOP, and JNK/p38 MAPK and the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2. Furthermore, β-carotene had a significant influence on the activation of ERS and apoptosis-related signals in TG-induced IPEC-J2. In the present study, β-carotene pre-treatment attenuated the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2 and prevented TG-induced increases in the level of PERK-CHOP and IRE1-JNK/p38 MAPK pathway activation in a dose-dependent manner. Overall, these findings indicate that β-carotene may protect weaning-induced apoptosis through inhibiting ERS.  相似文献   

羊IL-1Ra基因全长cDNA克隆及生物信息学分析     

水一鸣  刘楠楠  郭兴  邹德颖  翟菲菲  王路鹿  鞠丹迪  张士军  胡盼  李岩松  卢士英  周玉  柳增善  李兆辉  任洪林 《中国畜牧兽医》2018,45(3):598-603

试验旨在对羊白介素1受体颉颃因子（interleukin-1 receptor antagonist，IL-1Ra）基因进行全长cDNA克隆及生物学分析。根据布鲁氏菌感染羊白细胞层SSH cDNA文库中的IL-1Ra基因序列信息及已知核苷酸序列（GenBank登录号：KC425613.1）设计引物，利用RT-PCR结合RACE方法扩增并克隆IL-1Ra基因，对其进行序列及相关分子特性分析。结果表明，羊IL-1Ra基因全长为1 228 bp，可编码174个氨基酸，含有1个完整的IL-1保守结构域和1个IL-1Ra结构域（PHA02651结构域）。IL-1Ra分子质量为19 765.8 u，等电点（pI）为5.72，其分子式为C₈₈₅H₁₃₈₅N₂₃₅O₂₅₆S₁₁，且含有信号肽。二级结构分析显示，IL-1Ra分子存在较多的β折叠及受体结合位点，与三级结构预测结果一致，且与人/鼠IL-1Ra分子的空间结构相似度极高，达到90%以上。羊IL-1Ra有IL-1特有的三叶草结构，其酶结合结构域位于TYR⁴⁷至GLU⁶⁶之间。将羊IL-1Ra与牛、虎鲸、宽吻海豚、猪、家犬、人、鼠等14个物种进行蛋白质同源性比对，发现在各物种间存在5个高度同源的半胱氨酸位点。系统进化树分析发现，羊IL-1Ra基因全长cDNA所编码的氨基酸序列同山羊、牛单独形成一个分支。本研究结果为今后深入研究IL-1Ra基因的生物学功能奠定了基础。  相似文献   

草果AtNCED基因克隆、表达和植物表达载体构建     

潘春柳  姚绍嫦  黄燕芬  唐美琼  朱艳霞  董青松  余丽莹 《分子植物育种》2020,(5):1520-1528

9-顺式环氧类胡萝卜素双加氧酶(9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase, NCED)是ABA生物合成的限速酶。诸多研究表明NCED基因表达量的变化与ABA含量显著相关,在种子休眠过程中发挥重要作用。为探究草果AtNCED基因的序列特征和功能,本研究以草果(Amomum tsaoko Crevost et Lemarie)种子转录组为基础,采用RT-PCR技术克隆了一个AtNCED基因。该基因全长2 372 bp,包含一个1 830 bp的开放阅读框(open reading frame, ORF),编码610个氨基酸。生物信息学分析显示,AtNCED基因编码的蛋白在N-末端包含典型的叶绿体转运肽序列,在催化结构域含有4个高度保守的组氨酸残基。AtNCED蛋白与芭蕉科马来西亚蕉同源性较高,与其他单子叶植物处在同一进化分支。实时荧光定量PCR分析结果表明,AtNCED基因表达量随着层积时间的增加逐渐下降,该基因可能正向调控种子休眠,在草果种子休眠诱导与维持中发挥重要作用。进一步地,利用同源重组方法,成功构建了pBI121-AtNCED过表达载体,并转化至农杆菌EHA105。该研究结果为弄清ABA激素信号在种子休眠中的调控作用提供了帮助。  相似文献   

Comments on soil memory and paleo-environmental reconstruction of soil evolution     

Dan Yaalon 《Eurasian Soil Science》2011,44(4):462-463

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应用Excel软件分析敌敌畏农药对两广二号家蚕的安全间隔期     

韦秉兴  廖耀民  冯健玲  廖丽珍  唐正怡  韩世健  宋桂荣  潘功亮 《广西蚕业》2011,(3):27-33

应用Excel软件中的曲线方程分析判断敌敌畏农药对两广二号家蚕的安全间隔期。结果表明：敌敌畏1000倍液的安全间隔期是6d多，其数学模型为幂函数曲线方：y=88．0653x-1834本方法克服以往家蚕的农药安全期无数学模型可循或使用的BASIC方法陈旧繁杂的缺点，也避免英文统计软件SPSS难以在农村普及的不足，是一种计...  相似文献   

新疆南疆棉花品种试验分析     

周关印  刘金海  郭香墨  潘登明  张小伟  马宝玲  张进忠  王超 《中国棉花》2015,42(9):12-14

本研究收集新疆南疆大面积种植的56个棉花品种,对非抗虫棉、常规转基因抗虫棉、杂交抗虫棉F1及F2共4类品种的产量及纤维品质进行了比较分析。结果表明,转基因抗虫棉比非抗虫棉增产29.8%,差异达显著水平;杂交棉比常规棉平均增产4.6%,铃重增加0.38g,衣分提高0.91百分点,均未达到显著水平;杂交抗虫棉F1明显优于F2,主要表现在单株结铃性的显著提高导致产量显著提高,而且断裂比强度和纤维整齐度指数等主要品质指标显著提高。由于在河南安阳试验的密度与新疆有明显差异,其准确性需要在新疆高密度条件下继续验证。  相似文献   

Functional porous carbons from waste cotton fabrics for dyeing wastewater purification     

Shuhua Wang  Meixia Wei  Qiaoli Xu  Husheng Jia 《Fibers and Polymers》2016,17(2):212-219

A new functional porous carbons (PC-WF) is prepared by activation-pyrolysis method use waste cotton fabrics (WF) as an abundant, cheap and available precursor for removal of Brilliant Crocein (BC-GR) and Cationic Red 2GL (CR-GL) from aqueous phase. The PC-WF was characterized by BET, FTIR, SEM, and XRD techniques, the surface area, total pore volume, average pore diameter was found as 1463.5 m² g^-1, 0.783 cm³ g^-1 and 2.14 nm, respectively. The influences on BC-GR and CR-GL adsorption of various experimental factors such as initial concentration and temperature were investigated. Adsorption kinetics was found to be best represented by the pseudo-second order model. The adsorption capacity was 319.8 mg g^-1 for BC-GR and 842.5 mg g^-1 for CR-GL at 30 °C, respectively. The results indicate that for waste cotton fabrics in particular, the practical application of this process to the production of porous carbon would be possible.  相似文献   

连云港口岸国际航行船舶截获植物有害生物情况分析与建议     

刘宁  刘翔  江永周  赵光明  张振华  王腾  吕凤功  潘杰 《植物检疫》2017,(5):64-67

为强化对国际航行船舶的检疫监管,降低植物有害生物传入风险,本文对"十二五"期间连云港口岸国际航行船舶截获植物有害生物的情况进行了统计,掌握了截获有害生物的种类,分析了影响截获的主要因素,并提出相应的检疫对策。  相似文献   

Pasteur’s quadrant: an appealing <Emphasis Type="Italic">ecophronetic</Emphasis> alternative to the prevalent Bohr’s quadrant in ecosystem services research     

Wei-Ning Xiang 《Landscape Ecology》2017,32(12):2241-2247

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