Computer tomography diagnosis of meningoencephalocele in a calf     

Ohba Y  Iguchi T  Hirose Y  Takasu M  Nishii N  Maeda S  Kitagawa H 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2008,70(8):829-831

A 24-day-old female Holstein calf had a soft, painless fluctuating swelling on the median plane in the frontal region, but did not show any clinical symptoms including neurological signs. Computer tomography (CT) distinctly showed the cyst filled with fluid and part of the encephalon. Hence, this swelling was diagnosed as meningoencephalocele, but not meningocele. The meningoencephalocele was successfully repaired surgically. Meningoencephalocele can thus be easily recognised by CT in a calf.  相似文献   

Pedigree analysis of factor XI deficiency in Japanese black cattle   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Ohba Y  Takasu M  Nishii N  Takeda E  Maeda S  Kunieda T  Kitagawa H 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2008,70(3):297-299

Using a DNA-based diagnostic test for factor XI deficiency in Japanese black cattle, we surveyed 123 cattle (42 sires and 81 dams) in Gifu and Hyogo prefectures, and calculated gene frequencies. In sires, we drew up the pedigree network of the cattle with the factor XI deficiency. Results showed that the mutated allele of factor XI deficiency was retroactive in at least 6 or more generations of sires. Frequencies of the mutant gene were higher at 26.4% in total, and at 33.3% in sires. All 7 cattle with the homozygote of mutated allele were clinically normal, and showed no bleeding episodes. The mutated allele of factor XI deficiency might be widespread among Japanese black cattle.  相似文献   

Resveratrol Improves the Mitochondrial Function and Fertilization Outcome of Bovine Oocytes     

Shun TAKEO  Daichi SATO  Koji KIMURA  Yasunori MONJI  Takehito KUWAYAMA  Ryoka KAWAHARA-MIKI  Hisataka IWATA 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2014,60(2):92-99

The aim of the present study was to address the effect of resveratrol-mediated upregulation of sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) during oocyte maturation on mitochondrial function, the developmental ability of oocytes and on mechanisms responsible for blockage of polyspermic fertilization. Oocytes collected from slaughterhouse-derived ovaries were cultured in TCM-199 medium supplemented with 10% FCS and 0 or 20 µM resveratrol (Res). We examined the effect of Res on SIRT1 expression in in vitro-matured oocytes (Exp 1); fertilization and developmental ability (Exp 2); mitochondrial DNA copy number (Mt number), ATP content and mitochondrial membrane potential in matured oocytes (Exp 3); and the time required for proteinase to dissolve the zona pellucida following in vitro fertilization (as a marker of zona pellucida hardening), as well as on the distribution of cortical granules before and after fertilization (Exp 4). In Exp 1, the 20 µM Res treatment upregulated protein expression of SIRT1 in oocytes. In Exp 2, Res treatment improved the ratio of normal fertilization and the total cell number of blastocysts. In Exp 3, Res treatment significantly increased the ATP content in matured oocytes. Additionally, Res increased the overall Mt number and mitochondrial membrane potential, but the effect was donor-dependent. In Exp 4, Res-induced zona hardening improved the distribution and exocytosis of cortical granules after in vitro fertilization. In conclusion, Res improved the quality of oocytes by improving mitochondrial quantity and quality. In addition, Res added to the maturation medium enhanced SIRT1 protein expression in oocytes and improved fertilization via reinforcement of the mechanisms responsible for blockage of polyspermic fertilization.  相似文献   

Immune response during the onset of coliform mastitis in dairy cows vaccinated with STARTVAC®     

Kazuhiro Kawai  Yasuha Kondo  Yasunori Shinozuka  Ryusaku Kawata  Sohei Kaneko  Hidetomo Iwano  Masafumi Enokidani  Aiko Watanabe  Fika Yuliza-Purba  Naoki Isobe  Tomomi Kurumisawa 《Animal Science Journal》2021,92(1):e13502

The immune response during the onset of coliform mastitis in vaccinated cows was investigated by measuring lactoferrin (LF), interleukin-8 ( IL-8), and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) concentrations and somatic cell counts in 28 milk samples at the onset of acute coliform mastitis (ACM) and 73 milk samples at the onset of peracute coliform mastitis (PCM). Vaccinated ACM, unvaccinated ACM, and vaccinated PCM showed significantly higher values for LF and IL-1β levels than unvaccinated PCM (p < .01). The IL-8 concentration was lower in vaccinated PCM than in unvaccinated PCM (p < .05). There was no significant difference in somatic cell counts for each parameter. There were no significant differences in the parameters between vaccinated and unvaccinated ACM cows, or vaccinated ACM and PCM cows. From the above results, it is suggested that mastitis vaccination improved the early immune response, particularly at the onset of PCM, and played a large role in host defense against the initial infection.  相似文献   

Characteristics of various fibrolytic isozyme activities in the rumen microbial communities of Japanese Black and Holstein Friesian cattle under different conditions     

Shuhei Takizawa  Ryoki Asano  Yasuhiro Fukuda  Yasunori Baba  Chika Tada  Yutaka Nakai 《Animal Science Journal》2021,92(1):e13653

Rumen microorganisms produce various fibrolytic enzymes and degrade lignocellulosic materials into nutrient sources for ruminants; therefore, the characterization of fibrolytic enzymes contributing to the polysaccharide degradation in the rumen microbiota is important for efficient animal production. This study characterized the fibrolytic isozyme activities of a rumen microbiota from four groups of housed cattle (1, breeding Japanese Black; 2, feedlot Japanese Black; 3, lactating Holstein Friesian; 4, dry Holstein Friesian). Rumen fluids in all cattle groups showed similar concentrations of total volatile fatty acids and reducing sugars, whereas acetic acid contents and pH were different among them. Predominant genera were commonly detected in all cattle, although the bacterial compositions were different among cattle groups. Zymograms of whole proteins in rumen fluids showed endoglucanase activities at 55 and 57 kDa and xylanase activity at 44 kDa in all cattle. Meanwhile, several fibrolytic isozyme activities differed among cattle groups and individuals. Treponema, Succinivibrio, Anaeroplasma, Succiniclasticum, Ruminococcus, and Butyrivibrio showed positive correlations with fibrolytic isozyme activities. Further, endoglucanase activity at 68 kDa was positively correlated with pH. This study suggests the characteristics of fibrolytic isozyme activities and their correlations with the rumen microbiota.  相似文献   

Molecular analysis of the ammonia oxidizing bacterial community in the surface soil layer of a Japanese paddy field   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Saman BOWATTE  Zhongjun JIA  Rie ISHIHARA  Yasunori NAKAJIMA  Susumu ASAKAWA  Makoto KIMURA 《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2006,52(4):427-431

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Community-level impacts induced by introduced largemouth bass and bluegill in farm ponds in Japan     

Yasunori Maezono  Tadashi Miyashita 《Biological conservation》2003,109(1):111-121

Largemouth bass Micropterus salmoides and bluegill Lepomis macrochirus have been introduced into many countries and have become cosmopolitan exotic species. However, only a few studies show their impact on introduced communities. To investigate their impact, we performed natural snapshot experiments in 15 farm ponds in Saitama prefecture, eastern Japan. We selected 10 and 5 small ponds in similar environmental conditions, but with and without exotics, respectively. The numbers of fish, crustaceans, and nymphal odonates were smaller in ponds where exotics were found and some species were considered to be locally extinct in several ponds. On the other hand, the numbers of benthic organisms, i.e. tadpoles, chironomids, chaoborids, and Oligochaeta were more abundant in ponds with exotics. These two groups of organisms were separated clearly on the first axis of DCA, which indicats that this difference was mainly induced by bass predation. This result suggests a trophic cascade in which top-down effects induced by exotics propagated to fish, crustaceans, and nymphal odonates directly and to some benthic organisms indirectly. Therefore, when one is to conserve native organisms, attention should be paid not only to direct negative effects, but also to indirect effects propagating to various trophic levels. Because farm ponds are typical Japanese small lentic systems having rich biodiversities and bass and bluegill have been shown to change farm pond communities widely, conservational treatments including eradication of exotic fish should be conducted immediately.  相似文献   

Phenolic profile, antioxidant property, and anti-influenza viral activity of Chinese quince (Pseudocydonia sinensis Schneid.), quince (Cydonia oblonga Mill.), and apple (Malus domestica Mill.) fruits     

Hamauzu Y  Yasui H  Inno T  Kume C  Omanyuda M 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2005,53(4):928-934

To evaluate the phenolic extracts of Chinese quince, quince, and apple fruits, their phenolic profiles, antioxidant properties, and anti-influenza viral activities were investigated. Chinese quince had the largest amount of phenolics consisting mainly of high polymeric procyanidins. Quince had considerable amounts of hydroxycinnamic derivatives mainly composed of 3-caffeoylquinic acid and 5-caffeoylquinic acid and polymeric procyanidins. Apple (cv. Fuji) had the lowest amount of phenolics, mainly 5-caffeoylquinic acid and monomeric and oligomeric procyanidins. The antioxidant functions of Chinese quince and quince phenolic extracts were superior to that of chlorogenic acid standard or ascorbic acid evaluated in both the linoleic acid peroxidation system and the DPPH radical scavenging system. However, those extracts were less effective than apple phenolics or (-)-epicatechin in linoleic acid peroxidation system. On the other hand, Chinese quince phenolics showed the strongest anti-influenza viral activity on the hemagglutination inhibition test.  相似文献   

Suppressive effects of Amarouciaxanthin A on 3T3-L1 adipocyte differentiation through down-regulation of PPARγ and C/EBPα mRNA expression     

Yim MJ  Hosokawa M  Mizushina Y  Yoshida H  Saito Y  Miyashita K 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2011,59(5):1646-1652

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Community-associated MRSA SCCmec type IVd in Irish equids     

Maeda Y  Millar BC  Loughrey A  Goldsmith CE  Rooney PJ  Moore JE  Rao J  Buckley T  Egan C  Dooley JS  Lowery CJ  Matsuda M 《The Veterinary record》2007,161(1):35-36

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