X射线灭活活体日本沼虾精子的初步研究     

颜跃弟  傅洪拓  梁国霞  乔慧  白鸿坤  蒋速飞  熊贻伟  龚永生  金舒博  张文宜  吕洋  吴滟 《中国农学通报》2015,31(20):35-38

为检测X射线对日本沼虾精子的灭活效果,利用X射线对雄性日本沼虾进行不同时间的照射处理,将处理后的雄虾与刚完成生殖脱壳的雌虾交配。待雌虾产卵后,计数雌虾抱卵天数,并在显微镜下观察卵的畸形情况。X射线管照射强度为100 k V,5 m A,源距10 cm,照射时间为0、30、60、90、120 min。结果发现:照射30 min组的抱卵天数及卵的畸形率较0 min组无变化,卵的畸形率为0,卵能正常发育至孵化出膜。随着照射时间的增加,在30~90 min之间,雌虾抱卵天数逐渐减少,且所抱卵的畸形率呈上升趋势。照射120 min组的抱卵天数较90 min组变化不大,卵的畸形率达100%。在本试验照射时间范围(0~120 min)内,灭活日本沼虾精子遗传物质的最佳照射时间为90~120 min。  相似文献   

小黄鱼热泵干燥工艺及设备选型分析     

吴耀森  刘军  李浩权  龙成树  龚丽 《现代农业装备》2015,(2):37-42

研究了不同热泵干燥温度下小黄鱼的干燥特性,并对其干燥品质进行分析。结果表明在干燥温度55℃、铺放密度为6.48 kg/m2的条件下干燥时间为13.5 h,干燥品质最优。在综合考虑能耗、企业加工条件和产品品质的前提下,将生产工艺参数确定为:干燥温度60℃、铺放密度为6~7 kg/m2,干燥时间为10~12 h。根据企业日处理量5.5~6.0 t的加工要求,通过对产能核算及加工成本计算,确定设备选型方案为:1台GHRH-510型热泵干燥机与2台GHRH-340型热泵干燥机,该方案投资回报期短,社会效益明显。  相似文献   

激振式扭转疲劳试验台载荷波形畸变分析     

宫福昌  左曙光  张友坤 《农业机械学报》1993,(3)

针对行星式离心激振扭转疲劳试验台在进行汽车传动轴扭转疲劳试验时出现的载荷波形畸变现象,分析了试验台扭振系统并建立了数学模型,导出交变扭矩幅值变化的数学表达式。通过试验分析和计算机模拟验证了数学模型,找到了扭矩波形畸变的根本原因,并提出了消除波形畸变的方法,为合理使用原有这类试验台及新设计这类试验台提供了理论依据。  相似文献   

Modeling soil water dynamics in a drip-irrigated intercropping field under plastic mulch     

Xianyue Li  Haibin Shi  Jiří Šimůnek  Xuewen Gong  Zunyuan Peng 《Irrigation Science》2015,33(4):289-302

Intercropping, drip irrigation, and the use of plastic mulch are important management practices, which can, when utilized simultaneously, increase crop production and save irrigation water. Investigating soil water dynamics in the root zone of the intercropping field under such conditions is essential in order to understand the combined effects of these practices and to promote their wider use. However, not much work has been done to investigate soil water dynamics in the root zone of drip-irrigated, strip intercropping fields under plastic mulch. Three field experiments with different irrigation treatments (high T1, moderate T2, and low T3) were conducted to evaluate soil water contents (SWC) at different locations, for different irrigation treatments, and with respect to dripper lines and plants (corn and tomatoes). Experimental data were then used to calibrate the HYDRUS (2D/3D) model. Comparison between experimental data and model simulations showed that HYDRUS (2D/3D) described different irrigation events and SWC in the root zone well, with average relative errors of 10.8, 9.5, and 11.6 % for irrigation treatments T1, T2, and T3, respectively, and with corresponding root mean square errors of 0.043, 0.035, and 0.040 cm³ cm^?3, respectively. The results showed that the SWC in the shallow root zone (0–40 cm) was lower under non-mulched locations than under mulched locations, irrespective of the irrigation treatment, while no significant differences in the SWC were observed in the deeper root zone (40–100 cm). The SWC in the shallow root zone was significantly higher for the high irrigation treatment (T1) than for the low irrigation treatment, while, again, no differences were observed in the deeper root zone. Simulations of two-dimensional SWC distributions revealed that the low irrigation treatment (T3) produced serious severe water stress (with SWCs near the wilting point) in the 30–40 cm part of the root zone, and that using separate drip emitter lines for each crop is well suited for producing the optimal soil water distribution pattern in the root zone of the intercropping field. The results of this study can be very useful in designing an optimal irrigation plan for intercropped fields.  相似文献   

金属注射成形技术在喷雾机零件制造中的应用   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

龚洵迪  王大承  田自祥  肖平安 《农业机械学报》2004,35(2):122-125

概述了金属注射成形技术的工艺过程和特点，给出了在喷雾机喷雾头组件这一典型农机零件上的应用实例，并对喷雾头组件用注射成形工艺制造中粘结剂成分的选择、混炼工艺、脱脂方法和烧结过程等进行了探索。通过研究制造出了尺寸精度和力学性能均满足要求的产品，产品致密度达到98．5％。生产工艺得到明显简化。  相似文献   

汽油机冷起动HC排放的机理与控制策略   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

栗工  李理光 《农业机械学报》2006,37(6):151-154,158

为适应欧Ⅲ以上汽车法规,对点燃式发动机冷起动工况下HC排放的研究已经成为目前发动机领域的热点之一.为了更好地控制冷起动排放,合理组织燃烧过程,要求对点燃式发动机冷起动HC排放特性有更深入的了解.本文基于国内外研究进展,介绍了冷起动工况下催化器前发动机HC排放的特点,影响排放的重要因素,以及形成的机理,特别是进一步降低和控制冷起动HC排放的发展方向.  相似文献   

车辆表面脉动压力的试验研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

陆森林  宫镇  曾发林  刘红光  王昊 《农业机械学报》2003,34(5):15-18

对车辆表面脉动压力与气流噪声的关系进行了讨论，说明了偶极子源噪声在车辆气流噪声中占主导地位，而车辆气流噪声中的偶极子源噪声又取决于车辆的表面脉动压力，阐述了研究车辆表面脉动压力对进一步研究和控制车辆气流噪声具有的重要意义。在此基础上，对车辆表面脉动压力的分布、频率特性及其与车速的关系进行了试验研究，得到了一些有意义的结论。  相似文献   

基于框架理论的变电站操作票自动生成系统   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

向铁元  谢锋  龚亚峰 《中国农村水利水电》2003,(8):78-81

介绍了一种基于框架理论的变电站操作票自动生成系统。该系统用框架知识表示法来描述电力系统的设备参数，建构了一个直观的、层次分明的数据结构。通过融合框架理论于面向对象的语言VC 中，开发出了一个集通用、实用、智能于一体的操作票专家系统。  相似文献   

Incorporation of ridge and furrow method of rainfall harvesting with mulching for crop production under semiarid conditions   总被引：31，自引：0，他引：31  

Xiao-Yan Li  Jia-Dong Gong  Qian-Zhao Gao  Feng-Rui Li 《Agricultural Water Management》2001,50(3):173-183

A plastic-covered ridge and furrow rainfall harvesting (PRFRH) system combined with mulches was designed to increase water availability to crops for improving and stabilizing agricultural production in the semiarid Loess region of northwest China. The system was built by shaping the soil surface with alternate ridges and furrows along the contour. The plastic-covered ridges served as a rainfall harvesting zone and furrows as a planting zone. Some materials were also used to mulch the furrows to increase the effectiveness of the harvested water. This system can make better utilization of light rain by harvesting rainwater through the plastic-covered ridge. The field experiment (using corn as an indicator crop) showed that grain yields in the PRFRH system with mulches in 1998 and 1999 were significantly higher than the controls, with an increase of 4010–5297 kg per ha (108–143%). In most treatments, the water use efficiencies (WUE) were in excess of 2.0 kg m⁻³. The WUE values of corn in this system were 1.9 times greater than the controls in 1998 and 1.4 times greater than the controls in 1999. The plastic-covered ridge led to a yield increase of 3430 kg per ha (92%) in 1998 and of 1126 kg per ha (21%) in 1999 compared with the uncovered ridge. On average, the additional mulches in the furrow brought about a yield increase of 8–25%. Based on the results of this study and other researches, this technique can increase corn grain yield by 60–95% in drought and average years, 70–90% in wet years, and 20–30% in very wet years. The PRFRH system had the potential to increase crop yield and produced greater economic benefit, therefore it could be used in regions dominated by light rainfall of low intensity where crops generally fail due to water stress.  相似文献   

薄壁封闭环磨削回弹的建模与数值研究     

倪小丹  龚金科  刘金武  高为国  郭建新 《农业机械学报》2007,38(4):158-162

提出了卡环制造过程中磨削回弹的计算模型。根据卡环的精度和啮合力要求，设计了特殊制造工艺。考虑弯曲残余应力，对磨削工序进行力学分析，提出了磨削回弹弯矩、磨削回弹后搭叠长度和啮合力变化的计算模型；开发了卡环制造辅助工艺系统——Shuttle，对卡环磨削工序进行了模拟，并结合实验讨论了磨削前后曲率半径、啮合力和搭叠长度随余量的变化规律。研究表明：随着磨削余量的增加，试样磨削前的啮合力增加，而磨削回弹后的啮合力呈下降趋势；试样磨削前后的搭叠长度均呈下降趋势，并且试样截面惯性矩越大，磨削回弹后试样的搭叠长度下降速度越慢；在各工序阶段，试样的曲率半径有不同程度的增加。  相似文献