Association of the amino acid motifs of BoLA-DRB3 alleles with mastitis pathogens in Japanese Holstein cows     

Tatsuyuki YOSHIDA  Harutaka MUKOYAMA  Hiroki FURUTA  Yasuko KONDO  Shin-nosuke TAKESHIMA  Yoko AIDA  Motoaki KOSUGIYAMA  Hiroshi TOMOGANE 《Animal Science Journal》2009,80(5):510-519

The association of the polymorphism of bovine leukocyte antigen ( BoLA-DRB3 ) genes, identified by the polymerase chain reaction sequence-based typing (PCR-SBT) method, with resistance and susceptibility to mastitis caused by Streptococci , coagulase-negative Staphylococci, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus was investigated. Blood samples for DNA extraction were collected from 170 Holstein cows (129 mastitis and 41 healthy cows) from 5 districts in Chiba prefecture, Japan. Susceptibility or resistance to the mastitis-causing pathogens was thought to vary by the presence of amino acid substitutions at the 9, 11, 13, and 30 positions. DRB3*0101 and DRB3*1501 had amino acid motifs of Glu⁹, Ser¹¹, Ser¹³, and Tyr³⁰, and they were considered to have susceptibility to all 4 mastitis pathogens. In contrast, DRB3*1101 and DRB3*1401 had amino acid motifs of Gln⁹, His¹¹, Gly¹³, and His³⁰ in these positions, and they also had Val⁸⁶, so these alleles were considered to have resistance to Streptococcal and coagulase-negative Staphylococcal mastitis. However, in the case of Escherichia coli mastitis, amino acid substitutions at the 9, 11, 13, and 30 positions had little effect, but rather substitutions at the 47, 67 positions of pocket 7, and at the 71, 74 positions of pocket 4, Tyr⁴⁷, Ile⁶⁷, Ala⁷¹, and Ala⁷⁴, were associated with resistance. This motif was present in DRB3*1201 .  相似文献   

Bovine leukemia virus high tax molecular clone experimentally induces leukemia/lymphoma in sheep     

Okada K  Nakae N  Kuramochi K  Yin SA  Ikeda M  Takami S  Hirata T  Goryo M  Numakunai S  Takeshima SN  Takahashi M  Tajima S  Konnai S  Onuma M  Aida Y 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2005,67(12):1231-1235

Sheep were inoculated with high tax coded pBLV-IF (H group, Nos.1-5) of bovine leukemia virus (BLV), wild tax coded pBLV-IF (W group, Nos. 6-11), or control plasmid (C group, Nos. 12-14). During the observation period (4 to 46 months), 5 of 5 cases in H group and 3 of 6 cases (Nos. 6, 7, 9) in W group became positive for gp 51. Only 1 case in H group became leukemic, and one case each of H and W groups developed lymphoma. In No. 3, lesions were found in multiple organs including the lymph nodes, gastrointestinal tract following abomasum, and heart. In No. 6, lesions of lymphoma were found only in the jejunum and heart. Morphologically, small to middle-sized lymphocytic neoplastic (NP) cells were found in both cases, but lymphoblastic NP cells were found only in No. 3. By immunohistochemical examination, the phenotypes of NP cells were determined as CD1-, CD4-, CD5- -, CD8alpha-, sIgM+, lambda light chain+, B-B4+, MHC class II+ in both case. The results of this study indicate that inoculation of pBLV-IF can induce lymphocytic and lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma in sheep. Additionally, it is suggested that the expression rate of tax gene is not associated with the development of leukemia/lymphoma in sheep experimentally inoculated with pBLV-IF.  相似文献   

Accumulation of short interfering RNAs characteristic of RNA silencing precedes recovery of tomato plants from severe symptoms of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Potato spindle tuber viroid</Emphasis> infection     

Teruo?SanoEmail author  Yoko?Matsuura 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2004,70(1):50-53

Tomato plants infected with Potato spindle tuber viroid (PSTVd) had severe leaf curling and vein necrosis. The disease symptoms began to diminish during the late stages of infection, however, and almost healthy-looking leaves began to appear on the upper portion of the plants. PSTVd concentrations reached their highest levels in leaves with severe symptoms and decreased in upper leaves recovering from severe symptoms. PSTVd-specific short interfering RNAs (siRNAs), characteristic of RNA silencing, accumulated in all leaves in which PSTVd reached a detectable level, suggesting that recovery from severe disease was induced by RNA silencing via sequence-specific degradation of PSTVd.  相似文献   

Prolactin gene expression in the mouse nipple     

Koizumi M  Horiguchi K  Tomita Y  Kato Y  Harigaya T 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2003,49(6):465-472

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Protective effects of vaccination with bovine leukemia virus (BLV) Tax DNA against BLV infection in sheep     

Usui T  Konnai S  Tajima S  Watarai S  Aida Y  Ohashi K  Onuma M 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2003,65(11):1201-1205

A DNA vaccination trial was performed on sheep to determine whether vaccination with bovine leukemia virus (BLV) transactivator Tax DNA is effective against BLV infection. Immunization was carried out with cationic liposomes containing the Tax-expressing plasmid DNA and subsequently all sheep were challenged with BLV. BLV titers in peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) determined by syncytium formation assay and BLV provirus load detected by genomic PCR analysis showed higher levels of virus titers in control sheep than those in Tax-vaccinated sheep. Higher levels of IFN-gamma mRNA expression have been demonstrated in vaccinated sheep after the challenge. These results suggested that Th1 type immune response induced by Tax DNA vaccine inhibited BLV propagation in vaccinated sheep at the early phase of infection.  相似文献   

Positional effect of gene insertion on genetic stability of a clover yellow vein virus-based expression vector   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

Zhen Dong?Wang  Shigenori?Ueda  Ichiro?UyedaEmail author  Haruka?Yagihashi  Hiroshi?Sekiguchi  Yoko?Tacahashi  Masanao?Sato  Kenji?Ohya  Chihiro?Sugimoto  Takeshi?Matsumura 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2003,69(5):327-334

The stability of the inserted genes in the viral expression vector varied depending on the sequence introduced and the position of insertion. Infectious cDNA to Clover yellow vein virus (pClYVV) was modified to insert a foreign gene at two independent sites: one, along with a polylinker, between the NIb and CP genes (pClYVV/CP/W) and the other between P1 and HC-Pro (pClYVV-Pst/CP). The green fluorescent protein (GFP) gene was inserted into either pClYVV/CP/W or pClYVV-Pst/CP. GFP gene was stably maintained and expressed in both vectors following serial passages in plants. Progeny viruses from both constructs accumulated in similar amounts and at rates of 70%–80% of that of the wild-type virus. On the other hand, progeny viruses carrying the human interferon- (hIFN) gene cloned in pClYVV-Pst/CP were genetically unstable owing to frequent deletions of the cloned gene during passage through plants. In contrast, the hIFN sequence cloned in pClYVV/CP/W was stably maintained in viruses after several passages in broad bean plants, and the progeny virus accumulated at the rate of about 50%–100% of that of the wild-type virus. The nucleotide sequence analyses indicated that the genetic instability of the inserted sequence results from homologous recombination of viral vector and inserted DNA sequences; it is not due to the inserted sequence alone.  相似文献   

Linkage mapping of four chicken calpain genes   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Fumihiko OKUMURA  Takeshi SHIMOGIRI  Yoko SHINBO  Kanako YOSHIZAWA  Kotaro KAWABE  Hideyuki MANNEN  Shin OKAMOTO  Hans H. CHENG  Yoshizane MAEDA 《Animal Science Journal》2005,76(2):121-127

Calpains are intracellular Ca²⁺‐dependent proteases and enzymes that contribute to growth and meat quality. In the present study, we identified polymorphisms in four calpain genes (CAPN1, CAPN2, CAPN3, and CAPN1.5) expressed ubiquitously in chicken using polymerase chain reaction‐restriction fragment length polymorphism, and mapped them using two backcross families (East Lansing (EL) and Kobe University (KU)). CAPN2 and CAPN1.5 mapped to two locations on chromosome 3 about 30 cM apart, while CAPN3 mapped to chromosome 5. CAPN1 was linked to a previously unlinked microsatellite marker LEI0140 to form a new linkage group called E66. CAPN2 and CAPN3 extend the amount of conserved synteny between chicken chromosome 3 and human chromosome 1, and between chicken chromosome 5 and human chromosome 15, respectively. Although CAPN2, CAPN3, and CAPN1.5 were found in the University of California Santa Cruz chicken genome browser gateway, CAPN1 and LEI0140 were not in specific genomic positions.  相似文献   

Kinetics of endotoxin concentration and tumor necrosis factor-alpha,interleukin-1beta,and interleukin-6 activities in the systemic and portal circulation during small intestinal ischemia and reperfusion in dogs   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Nezu Y  Tagawa M  Sakaue Y  Hara Y  Tsuchida S  Ogawa R 《American journal of veterinary research》2002,63(12):1680-1686

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether small intestinal ischemia and reperfusion induces bacterial translocation and proinflammatory cytokine response in either the systemic or portal circulation in dogs. ANIMALS: 17 healthy adult Beagles. PROCEDURE: The superior mesenteric artery (SMA) was occluded for 0 (group-3 dogs), 30 (group-1 dogs), or 60 (group-2 dogs) minutes, followed by reperfusion for 180 minutes; serum lactate and endotoxin concentrations and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta), and IL-6 activities in the systemic and portal circulation and intramucosal pH were measured at various time points. RESULTS: In group-2 dogs, TNFalpha activity was found to be significantly increased in the portal circulation, peaking at 60 minutes of reperfusion; TNF-alpha activity, in the systemic circulation, gradually increased from 60 minutes of reperfusion to the end of the experiment; however, the increase was not significant. In group-1 and -2 dogs, IL-6 activities significantly and gradually increased in the systemic and portal circulation during the reperfusion phase, and the magnitude of these increases was dependent on the duration of the ischemic phase. There were no significant changes in IL-1beta activity or endotoxin concentration in any dog group. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Results of the our study indicate that intestinal ischemia and reperfusion leads to significant increases of the circulating TNF-alpha and IL-6 activities, depending on the duration of the ischemia phase, in the absence of detectable endotoxin in the circulation. This finding suggests that intestinal ischemia and reperfusion induces a systemic proinflammatory cytokine response in dogs.  相似文献   

Use of a nitinol gooseneck snare catheter for removal of adult Dirofilaria immitis in two cats     

Small MT  Atkins CE  Gordon SG  Birkenheuer AJ  Booth-Sayer MA  Keene BW  Fujii Y  Miller MW 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》2008,233(9):1441-1445

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Biodegradation of nonlignocellulosic substances II: physical and chemical properties of sawdust before and after use as artificial soil     

Sakae Horisawa  Masahide Sunagawa  Yutaka Tamai  Yuki Matsuoka  Tohru Miura  Minoru Terazawa 《Journal of Wood Science》1999,45(6):492-497

The physical properties of sawdust including porosity, water retention, and water drainage were analyzed to prove its suitability for use as an artificial soil in the automatic decomposer-extinguisher (GADE) machine. The physical and chemical properties of residual sawdust from the GADE machine were also analyzed, the mechanical abrasion of sawdust in the GADE machine was tested, and the morphology of this residue was observed through a scanning electron microscope to investigate changes of these properties in the medium of decomposing garbage. Sawdust, which showed a lower specific gravity and larger porosity than soil, is considered capable of supplying air to bacteria. It was found that sawdust became worn from the operation of the machine. The spaces of residual sawdust were still observed, but water drainage decreased. The portion of hollocellulose in residual sawdust decreased, although the extractives in it increased. Results indicated that the capacity of sawdust to function as an artificial soil in the GADE machine was decreased owing not only to the destruction of sawdust grain but also to the adherence of products from decomposition, such that sawdust needed to be replaced every few months.Part of this report was presented at the 43rd annual meeting of the Japan Wood Research Society, Morioka, April 1993  相似文献