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排序方式： 共有136条查询结果，搜索用时 15 毫秒
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Ruiz-García Y Romero-Cascales I Gil-Muñoz R Fernández-Fernández JI López-Roca JM Gómez-Plaza E 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2012,60(5):1283-1290
Benzothiadiazole (BTH) and methyl jasmonate (MeJ) have been described as exogenous elicitors of some plant defense compounds, polyphenols among them. The objective of this study was to determine whether the application of BTH or MeJ to grape clusters at the beginning of the ripening process had any effect on the accumulation of the main flavonoid compounds in grapes (anthocyanins, flavonols, and flavanols) and the technological significance of these treatments in the resulting wines. The results obtained after a 2 year experiment indicated that both treatments increased the anthocyanin, flavonol, and proanthocyanidin content of grapes. The wines obtained from the treated grapes showed higher color intensity and total phenolic content than the wines made from control grapes. The exogenous application of these elicitors, as a complement to fungicide treatments, could be an interesting strategy for vine protection, increasing, at the same time, the phenolic content of the grapes and the resulting wines. 相似文献
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Juan Mario Sanz‐Penella Jos Moiss Laparra Yolanda Sanz Monika Haros 《Cereal Chemistry》2012,89(5):223-229
The aim of this investigation was to study the influence of different bran proportions and particle sizes, addition of fungal phytase, and α‐amylase addition on bread quality and phytate levels, and how these treatments affect availability of iron to intestinal epithelial (Caco‐2) cells. Potential mineral contributions to dietary reference intakes and phytate‐to‐mineral molar ratios were also evaluated. Wheat bran supplementation significantly affected bread quality. Smaller bran particle size affected crumb firmness negatively, whereas the use of α‐amylase, in some cases in combination with phytase, could improve technological bread quality. The use of phytase in the formulation significantly reduced the level of phytates, and phytate hydrolysis also led to smaller bran particle size. Increasing the bran proportion used in the bread formulation increased the iron concentration in bread samples by 18.9%. Phytase addition proved to be a useful strategy to improve iron dialyzability; however, incomplete dephytinization still had an inhibitory effect on iron uptake, with the exception of samples formulated with 10% bran. The inhibitory effect of phytate could be predicted from the values of the phytate‐to‐iron ratios. Reduction of particle size did not improve iron availability or uptake by Caco‐2 cells. 相似文献
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Xiao-Yan Li Sergio Contreras Albert Solé-Benet Yolanda Cantón Francisco Domingo Roberto Lázaro Henry Lin Bas Van Wesemael Juan Puigdefábregas 《CATENA》2011
Semiarid karst landscapes represent an important ecosystem surrounding the Mediterranean Basin for which little is known on runoff generation. Knowledge of the sources and patterns of variation in infiltration–runoff processes and their controls is important for understanding and modelling the hydrological functions of such ecosystems. The objectives of this paper are to determine the infiltration rates and their controls in a representative mountain karst area (Sierra de Gádor, SE Spain) at micro-plots and to investigate the integrated response of rainfall on a typical hillslope. Rainfall simulations in micro-plots and natural rainfall-runoff monitoring on a hillslope were carried out complementarily. We investigated the role of soil surface components (vegetation, rock outcrop, fracture, and soil crust), topographic position, antecedent soil moisture, and rainfall characteristics in regulating infiltration–runoff processes. Results of rainfall simulation revealed the importance of vegetation cover and the presence of rock fractures in promoting the infiltration in the limestone karst landscape, while bare patches and rock outcrops acted as sources for runoff. All plots with > 50% vegetation cover had no runoff with up to 55 mm h− 1 of simulated rain. In contrast, nearly all bare plots had runoff under the same simulated rain, with runoff coefficients ranging from 3.1 to 20.6% on dry soil surface conditions, and from 2.0 to 65.4% on wet soil surfaces. Runoff coefficients amounted to 59.0–79.5% for rock outcrops without cracks, but were drastically reduced by the presence of cracks. The surfaces with rock fragments resting on the soil (generally located in the middle of the slopes) prevented more effectively the runoff generation than those surfaces where rock fragments were embedded in the top soil. Antecedent soil moisture had significant impact on runoff generation, with wet soil having doubled runoff coefficient, shortened time to runoff, and increased runoff rate compared to the same but dry soil. Linear regressions indicated that the main controls for constant infiltration rate were the cover percentages of vegetation and litter, plus rainfall intensity; while the major controls for runoff coefficient were the bare soil and vegetation coverage, plus rainfall intensity. High infiltration rates measured at the micro-plots agreed with low intra-event runoff coefficients (mostly below 1%) observed under natural rainfalls at the hillslope. Runoff depth and coefficient at the hillslope was significantly correlated with rainfall depth, maximum hourly rainfall intensity and antecedent precipitation over 20 days (AP20). During the 1.5-year monitoring period from Sep-2003 to Mar-2005, the overall infiltration was 41% of the total rainfall amount and the maximum infiltration rate was almost 94% of the largest single rainfall event. The results from this study contribute to improved understanding of the magnitude and controls of the surface runoff in semiarid karst mountain areas. 相似文献
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Smit Louise Langenhoven Wendy E. Petersen Yolanda 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2021,161(3):565-578
European Journal of Plant Pathology - The formal honeybush tea industry in South Africa is relatively new, and has tremendous growth potential. However, as with other cultivated crops, production... 相似文献
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Rosalba Troncoso-Rojas Yolanda Corral-Acosta Alberto Sánchez-Estrada Raymundo García-Estrada Alfonso Aguilar-Valenzuela Javier Ojeda-Contreras Martín Ernesto Tiznado-Hernández 《Phytoparasitica》2009,37(5):445-451
The fungicidal activity of allyl-isothiocyanate (allyl-ITC), benzyl-isothiocyanate (benzyl-ITC) and a mixture of isothiocyanates
(allyl-ITC, benzyl-ITC, phenyl-isothiocyanate and 2-phenylethyl-isothiocyanate; MCIT), was tested in netted melon infected
with Alternaria alternata as, was the effect of these compounds on the postharvest quality. Fruits were inoculated with A. alternata and exposed to allyl-ITC, benzyl-ITC, or MCIT, at 0.25 and 0.5 mg ml−1 concentrations. A commercial fungicide, Captan (CF), was used as a positive control. The fruit was stored at 20°C and 92%
relative humidity for up to 8 days. Allyl-ITC and MCIT at both tested concentrations, significantly reduced Alternaria rot,
by 82.73% to 88.67%. None of the ITC treatments had a significant effect on weight loss, total soluble solids, titratable
acidity or pH. Fruits treated with 0.5 mg ml−1 of AITC were more firm than others. Treatment with allyl-ITC, benzyl-ITC, or MCIT appears to be a promising alternative to
synthetic fungicides for controlling postharvest diseases in netted melon. 相似文献
