Survival of Mycoplasma haemofelis and 'Candidatus Mycoplasma haemominutum' in blood of cats used for transfusions   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Gary AT  Richmond HL  Tasker S  Hackett TB  Lappin MR 《Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery》2006,8(5):321-326

Blood transfusions are commonly administered to cats; associated risks include the transmission of various infectious diseases including Mycoplasma haemofelis (Mhf) and 'Candidatus Mycoplasma haemominutum' (Mhm). Blood transfusions in citrate-phosphate-dextrose-adenine (CPDA-1) solution are commonly administered immediately or stored for up to 1 month prior to administration. It is unknown whether Mhf or Mhm survive in this solution or temperature. The purpose of this study was to determine if Mhf or Mhm remain viable after storage in CPDA-1 for varying periods of time. The results provide evidence that transmission of hemoplasmas to na?ve cats occurs after administration of infected feline blood that has been stored in CPDA-1 solution for 1h (Mhf) and 1 week (Mhm). These findings support the recommendation that cats used as blood donors be screened for Mhf and Mhm infections by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay prior to use.  相似文献   

Effects of temperature and handling conditions on lipid emulsion stability in veterinary parenteral nutrition admixtures during simulated intravenous administration     

Thomovsky EJ  Backus RC  Mann FA  Richmond CK  Wagner-Mann CC 《American journal of veterinary research》2008,69(5):652-658

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether lipid particle coalescence develops in veterinary parenteral nutrition (PN) admixture preparations that are kept at room temperature (23 degrees C) for > 48 hours and whether that coalescence is prevented by admixture filtration, refrigeration, or agitation. SAMPLE POPULATION: 15 bags of veterinary PN solutions. PROCEDURES: Bags of a PN admixture preparation containing a lipid emulsion were suspended and maintained under different experimental conditions (3 bags/group) for 96 hours while admixtures were dispensed to simulate IV fluid administration (rate, 16 mL/h). Bags were kept static at 4 degrees C (refrigeration); kept at 23 degrees C (room temperature) and continuously agitated; kept at room temperature and agitated for 5 minutes every 4 hours; kept static at room temperature and filtered during delivery; or kept static at room temperature (control conditions). Admixture samples were collected at 0, 24, 48, 72, and 96 hours and examined via transmission electron microscopy to determine lipid particle diameters. At 96 hours, 2 samples were collected at a location distal to the filter from each bag in that group for bacterial culture. RESULTS: Distribution of lipid particle size in the control preparations and experimentally treated preparations did not differ significantly. A visible oil layer developed in continuously agitated preparations by 72 hours. Bacterial cultures of filtered samples yielded no growth. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Data indicated that the veterinary PN admixtures kept static at 23 degrees C are suitable for use for at least 48 hours. Manipulations of PN admixtures appear unnecessary to prolong lipid particle stability, and continuous agitation may hasten lipid breakdown.  相似文献   

Real-time RT-qPCR assay to detect sequences in the Piscine orthoreovirus-1 genome segment S1 associated with heart and skeletal muscle inflammation in Atlantic salmon     

Ahmed Siah  Emilie Knutsen  Zina Richmond  Meghan Mills  Kathleen Frisch  James F. F. Powell  Øyvind Brevik  Henrik Duesund 《Journal of fish diseases》2020,43(8):955-962

During the last decade, Piscine orthoreovirus was identified as the main causative agent of heart and skeletal muscle inflammation (HSMI) in Atlantic Salmon, Norway. A recent study showed that PRV-1 sequences from salmonid collected in North Atlantic Pacific Coast (NAPC) grouped separately from the Norwegian sequences found in Atlantic Salmon diagnosed with HSMI. Currently, the routine assay used to screen for PRV-1 in NAPC water and worldwide cannot differentiate between the two groups of PRV-1. Therefore, this study aimed at developing a real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) assay to target the PRV-1 genome segments specific for variants associated with HSMI. The assay was optimized and tested against 71 tissue samples collected from different regions including Norway, Chile and both coast of Canada and different hosts farmed Atlantic Salmon, wild Coho Salmon and escaped Atlantic Salmon collected in British Columbia, West Coast of Canada. This assay has the potential to be used for screening salmonids and non-salmonids that may carry PRV-1 potentially causing HSMI.  相似文献   

Long‐term epidemiological survey of Kudoa thyrsites (Myxozoa) in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) from commercial aquaculture farms          下载免费PDF全文

W L Marshall  A Sitjà‐Bobadilla  H M Brown  T MacWilliam  Z Richmond  H Lamson  D B Morrison  L O B Afonso 《Journal of fish diseases》2016,39(8):929-946

Kudoa thyrsites (Myxozoa) encysts within myocytes of a variety of fishes. While infected fish appear unharmed, parasite‐derived enzymes degrade the flesh post‐mortem. In regions of British Columbia (BC), Canada, up to 4–7% of fillets can be affected, thus having economic consequences and impacting the competitiveness of BC's farms. K. thyrsites was monitored in two farms having high (HP) or low (LP) historical infection prevalence. At each farm, 30 fish were sampled monthly for blood and muscle during the first year followed by nine samplings during year two. Prevalence and intensity were measured by PCR and histology of muscle samples. In parallel, fillet tests were used to quantify myoliquefaction. Infections were detected by PCR after 355 and 509 degree days at LP and HP farms, respectively. Prevalence reached 100% at the HP farm by 2265 degree days and declined during the second year, whereas it plateaued near 50% at the LP farm. Infection intensities decreased after 1 year at both farms. Blood was PCR‐positive at both farms between 778 and 1113 degree days and again after 2000 degree days. This is the first monitoring project in a production environment and compares data between farms with different prevalence.  相似文献   

Fish Pathology, 4th edn Edited by Ronald J Roberts. Wiley Blackwell,Oxford. 597pp. ISBN 978‐1‐4443‐3282‐7.     

Richmond Loh 《Journal of fish diseases》2013,36(6):607-607

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Larval western bean cutworm feeding damage encourages the development of Gibberella ear rot on field corn          下载免费PDF全文

Nicole S Parker  Nolan R Anderson  Douglas S Richmond  Elizabeth Y Long  Kiersten A Wise  Christian H Krupke 《Pest management science》2017,73(3):546-553

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Living proof: that cats do have nine lives. J Hayward. Exisle Publishing, 2016. 152 pages. Price A$24.99. ISBN 9781921497858.          下载免费PDF全文

R Richmond 《Australian veterinary journal》2017,95(6):206-206

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Atmospheric physics: atmospheric electrodynamics     

Richmond AD 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1985,228(4699):572-573

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The effect of benomyl and carbendazim on mitosis in hyphae of Botrytis cinerea Pers. ex Fr. and roots of Allium cepa L     

D.V. Richmond  A. Phillips 《Pesticide biochemistry and physiology》1975,5(4):367-379

The effects of benomyl [methyl 1 (butylcarbamoyl)-benzimidazol-2-ylcarbamate] and carbendazim (methyl benzimidazol-2-ylcarbamate) on mitosis in hyphae of Botrytis cinerea and root tips of onion (Allium cepa) were studied. The effect of the fungicides on root tips was compared with the effect produced by griseofulvin.Benomyl or carbendazim had a rapid effect on dividing hyphal nuclei. The effects of the fungicides were apparent after 5 min, and the normal stages of division were not seen clearly in any of the treated material. Chromosomes became visible at prophase-metaphase, but they did not separate completely. At the end of division, the chromatin became stretched into long threads, daughter nuclei did not separate completely, and chromatin was often present as irregular shaped masses.Benomyl and carbendazim induced abnormalities in cell division in about 3% of onion root tip cells. After treatment for 6 h, formation of the cell plate was inhibited and cells were seen with two nuclei; other aberrations produced were lagging chromosomes and anaphase bridges. After 3 days chromosomes sometimes occurred as amorphous clumps, and nuclei were found with more than two nucleoli. Griseofulvin produced similar effects in onion root tip cells, but the chromosome bridges persisted through to telophase.The results show that benomyl and carbendazim can interfere with mitosis in cells in green plants as well as in hyphae of fungi.  相似文献   

Preadsorption of boar semen with kaolin: increased efficiency of foot-and-mouth disease virus detection.     

J Y Richmond 《American journal of veterinary research》1978,39(10):1612-1616

The boar semen-associated cytotoxic factor(s), but not the antiviral activity, were removed by adsorption with kaolin. Although foot-and-mouth disease virus was efficiently removed from medium by kaolin or kieselguhr, the virus was not removed from semen-virus mixtures. Because the cytotoxicity induced by boar semen apparently altered the ability of tissue culture cells to support virus replication, preadsorption with kaolin increased the probability of detecting this virus in semen samples.  相似文献