Effects of graded levels of dietary vitamin E on striped surubim Pseudoplatystoma reticulatum          下载免费PDF全文

Ricardo Basso Zanon  Tarcila Souza de Castro Silva  Brunno da Silva Cerozi  José Eurico Possebon Cyrino 《Aquaculture Research》2018,49(4):1423-1429

Vitamin E is important to animal health, growth, productive performance, fillet quality and immune systems. This study evaluated the effects of dietary vitamin E on flesh composition, growth, biochemical and immunological parameters of striped surubim, Pseudoplatystoma reticulatum. Prior to beginning of the feeding trial, fish were fed a vitamin E‐free control diet for 45 days to reduce body deposits. The trial was set up in a completely randomized design; diets containing 3.4; 28.4; 53.4; 103.4; 153.4 and 303.4 mg DL‐α‐tocopherol acetate per kg of ration (n = 3) were fed twice a day to apparent satiation, for 90 days. Juvenile striped surubim (38.1 ± 4.9 g and 17.5 ± 1.5 cm) randomly stocked in 18 plastic tanks (300 L; 10 fish per tank). Based on serum globulin content and liver and fillet deposition of vitamin E, inclusion of 166.6 mg/kg of DL‐alpha tocopherol acetate in the diet is recommended to improve the immunological status and, probably, flesh quality of striped surubim.  相似文献   

Steaming effects on selected wood properties of Turkey oak by spectral analysis     

Luigi Todaro  Luigi Zuccaro  Mario Marra  Bruno Basso  Antonio Scopa 《Wood Science and Technology》2012,46(1-3):89-100

Turkey oak (Quercus cerris L.) is characterized by some technological and aesthetical factors limiting its market value from its great potential. In this study, the effect of direct and indirect steaming on reduction in equilibrium moisture content (EMC) and colour variations was evaluated using a hyperspectral radiometer. Steaming treatments were carried out at 80°C for 48?h, and 120°C for 18 and 24?h, showing a reduction in EMC in the order of 8.1, 28.5 and 13.5, respectively, as well as very significant lightness (L^*) and hue (h°) modifications in comparison with untreated specimens. The spectral signature analysis confirmed that hydrothermal treatments modify wood sensibility to the light source in the entire spectrum range. The study supports the validity of hydrothermal treatments for improving technological and aesthetical properties of Turkey oak.  相似文献   

Toxoplasma gondii infection in sentinel and free-range chickens from Argentina     

Moré G  Maksimov P  Pardini L  Herrmann DC  Bacigalupe D  Maksimov A  Basso W  Conraths FJ  Schares G  Venturini MC 《Veterinary parasitology》2012,184(2-4):116-121

This study aimed at isolating and genotyping Toxoplasma gondii from serologically positive free-range chickens from Argentina, and to evaluate the use of sentinel animals during a short time period of exposure to determine environmental contamination with T. gondii oocysts. Two groups of chickens on six farms were compared in this study: (i) young, 2-3 month-old broiler-type chickens reared as sentinel animals on the farms and (ii) adult chickens reared on the same farms for more than one year. Seroconversion rates of 7.0% or 5.7% were observed in sentinel broiler chickens reared for a period of 74 days (January-April 2010) or 88 days (August-November 2010) respectively, as shown by a T. gondii specific immunofluorescent antibody test. Fifty-three percent (17 of 32) of adult chickens were positive and showed higher titres than sentinel animals. Isolation of T. gondii from tissues (brain and heart) of serologically positive chickens was achieved from six of seven free-range adult birds with IFAT titres of 200 and higher. The isolated parasites were analysed by multi-locus polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). The isolated T. gondii showed three different genotypes: two genotypes consisted in atypical allele combinations, and the remaining genotype had exclusively clonal type II alleles. All isolates obtained at a single farm, corresponded to the same genotype. The T. gondii genotypes observed are identical to those described in cats, dogs, chickens and capybaras elsewhere in South America. Two isolates, which showed different allele combinations in PCR-RFLP, were characterized in a mouse virulence assay. While one isolate showed a low virulence a second isolate was of intermediate virulence to mice.  相似文献   

Evaluation of the Karras Spermdensimeter in Relation to the Neubauer Counting Chamber for Sperm Concentration Measurement in Boar Semen     

WL Vianna  DG Bruno  A Namindome  AC de Campos Rosseto  RC Barnabé  A de Sant'' Anna Moretti 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2007,42(5):466-470

The correct measurement of spermatic concentration in boar semen is one of the basic tasks routinely performed at the Swine Artificial Insemination Center (CIAS). This article explains two experiments whose objectives were: Experiment 1: This trial had two objectives: (1) to evaluate the precision of the spermdensimeter (SPM) with relation to the Neubauer count chamber (CN) which is considered the standard technique in the field and (2) to correct the scale on the SPM table. Experiment 2: This trial also had two objectives: (1) to evaluate the time and repetitions required in the SPM and (2) to compare the SPM adjusted table produced in Expt 1 with the SPM standard table. The methods in Expt 1 were used to measure total spermatic concentration in 141 boar ejaculates. The average spermatic concentrations (10(6) spermatozoids/ml) and average dose number were 229.1 and 22.6 for CN, and 283.6 and 28.0 for SPM. These results indicate that the SPM has a tendency to overestimate spermatic concentration with relation to the CN. The SPM produced a smaller coefficient of variation and needed lesser examination time than the CN (p < 0.05). The SPM adjusted table created in Expt 1 produced similar results as the SPM and CN standard tables (2.96 billion live spermatozoids/dose vs 2.36 billion live spermatozoids/dose). Incorporation and evaluation of supplemental data from other CIAS regarding the use of the SPM adjusted table in the field entitled 'Adjusted Table for Karras Spermdensimeter LPS-FMVZ-USP' would be valuable to prove its efficiency.  相似文献   

Anoestrus in the Dog: a Fascinating Story     

AC Okkens  HS Kooistra 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2006,41(4):291-296

In the bitch, progression from early to late anoestrus is characterized by a higher amplitude and a larger number of gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) pulses generated by the hypothalamus, an increase in the sensitivity of the pituitary to GnRH, and an increase in ovarian responsiveness to gonadotrophins. An increase in basal plasma follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) concentration is a critical event required for initiation of folliculogenesis. A period of increased luteinizing hormone pulsatility has been reported shortly before the onset of pro-oestrus. Apart from these changes in the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis, there is also involvement of dopaminergic influences in the initiation of a new follicular phase in the bitch. Administration of the dopamine-agonists bromocriptine and cabergoline shortens the anoestrus and is associated with a decrease in the plasma prolactin concentration, suggesting that the shortened anoestrus is the result of suppression of prolactin secretion. Yet, the anoestrus is not shortened in bitches treated with metergoline, a drug, which in a low dosage lowers the plasma prolactin concentration via a serotonin-antagonistic pathway. In addition, under physiological conditions low plasma prolactin concentrations are found during the entire anoestrus. Furthermore, a low dosage of bromocriptine, insufficient to cause a decrease in the plasma prolactin concentration, prematurely induces folliculogenesis. These observations indicate that not the decrease in the plasma prolactin concentration, but another dopamine-agonistic influence plays a critical role in the transition to a new follicular phase. The dopamine-agonist induced shortening of the anoestrus is associated with a rapid rise in the basal plasma FSH concentration, similar to what is observed during the physiological late anoestrus. This observation underlines the importance of an increase in the circulating plasma FSH concentration in the initiation of folliculogenesis in the bitch.  相似文献   

Rearing performance of farmed fallow deer (Dania dama)     

RC MULLEY  AW ENGLISH  AC KIRBY† 《Australian veterinary journal》1990,67(12):454-456

The ability of fallow does to rear fawns to weaning age was examined in a group of 243 adult does of known age (Group 1) and 509 adult does of unknown age (Group 2). All does had between 1 and 8 opportunities to rear fawns. There was an increasing proportion of does that failed to rear a fawn to weaning age as the number of rearing opportunities increased, although most does (93.6%) only failed on one occasion. A small percentage of does in groups 1 and 2 failed repeatedly to rear fawns to weaning. At slaughter, the presumed causes of failure in chronic non-breeders included pyometron, cystic ovaries, cervical cysts, a vulval neoplasm and salpingitis. The overall rearing success of both groups of deer was 82.4% and there was no consistent pattern of rearing failure relating to parity or previous rearing history.  相似文献   

Attitudes of farm consultants in the South Island of New Zealand towards the role of veterinarians in farm businesses     

AJ Bates  W Wapenaar  AC Campbell  RG Eggleton 《New Zealand veterinary journal》2016,64(5):275-281

AIMS: To assess the attitude of dairy farm consultants to the role of veterinarians on dairy farms and whether they viewed veterinary advice as impartial, free from commercial bias and central to farm productivity and profitability.

METHODS: A telephone survey was commissioned in September 2014 of 36 full-time farm consultants in the Canterbury and Otago region of New Zealand using a pre-prepared questionnaire to explore their attitudes towards the veterinary profession. Of those approached, 25 completed the survey.

RESULTS: The consultants surveyed agreed or strongly agreed (21/23) that they were the custodians of animal health expenditure on farms, which was seen as an expense to be controlled (19/25 agreed or strongly agreed). This view was held more strongly (9/9 agreed or strongly agreed) by consultants with >5 years’ professional experience, compared to 10/16 consultants with ≤5 years’ experience. Most consultants (24/25) disagreed that they did not respect veterinary advice, but agreed (24/25) that veterinarians almost always had a vested interest in the advice that they gave. The role of veterinarians was seen by respondents to be mainly treatment of sick animals (22/25) and provision of animal health products (24/25), but not in maximising farm profitability (selected by 8/25 respondents). Consultants viewed their own roles as providing advice on the influence of animal health on farm profitability (21/25), nutrition (22/25) and reproduction (20/25). Most respondents (21/25) stated that reducing disease and animal health issues was important, but they (21/25) also identified a reduction in farm animal health expenditure as a measure of success. Only 7/25 consultants felt that they should work in partnership with veterinarians.

CONCLUSIONS: This was a small scale study from one region of New Zealand but it indicates that consultants are ambivalent about the role and value of working more closely with veterinarians, and about the benefit that veterinary intervention may bring to a farm’s profitability.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE: More successful veterinary involvement on dairy farms will follow from a better understanding of how other rural professionals are involved in the farm’s management and in meeting the individual farmer’s goals and motivations.  相似文献   

Buffalo (Bubalus bubali) Late Embryo and Foetus Development: A Morphological Analysis          下载免费PDF全文

AC Morini  NCG Pieri  KCS Roballo  DS Martins  CE Ambrósio  JC Morini Junior  PO Favaron  AHH Minervino  FVT Pereira  MA Miglino 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2016,51(4):509-514

Many researches describe the embryonic developmental features in domestic animals; however, in farm animals, they are scarce. Most farm animal studies are related to assisted reproduction and embryos transfer techniques. But, morphological features and size measure to estimate the age gestation are rarely reported in literature. Thus, in this study, we described the developmental changes in the bubaline (Bubalus bubali) concepts from 21 to 60 days of gestation. Our results revealed that buffalo embryos similar morphological characteristics similar to other mammalian species. Also, similarities between bovine and bubaline persist; except on foetal stages when buffalos have a faster development than bovine. Therefore, buffalo's gestation period exhibits some varieties and accurate embryo age is more difficult. Yet, when we use a combination of the crown–rump, macroscopic analysis and alizarin red, it is possible to describe better the whole embryogenesis stages of the buffalo and which can contribute for future reproduction researches and applications in veterinary practice.  相似文献   

Imiquimod treatment for Equus caballus papillomavirus infection in equine aural plaques          下载免费PDF全文

Luiza S. Zakia  Giovane Olivo  Roberta M. Basso  Juliana Mira  Mariana Herman  Joao P. Araujo Jr  Alexandre S. Borges  José P. Oliveira‐Filho 《Veterinary dermatology》2016,27(3):175-e44

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Suspected ivermectin resistance in a south‐east Queensland Parascaris equorum population          下载免费PDF全文

A Beasley  G Coleman  AC Kotze 《Australian veterinary journal》2015,93(9):305-307

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