Neonatal isoerythrolysis in Himalayan kittens     

NN JONSSON  C. PULLEN  ADJ WATSON 《Australian veterinary journal》1990,67(11):416-417

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Plasma chloramphenicol concentrations in cats following intramuscular administration of three different chloramphenicol preparations     

A. D. J. WATSON 《Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics》1980,3(2):107-110

Five adult cats were given 30 mg chloramphenicol/kg by intramuscular injection on three separate occasions, using a different preparation on each occasion. The preparations were an aqueous suspension of chloramphenicol, a solution of chloramphenicol in methylpyrrolidone, and an aqueous solution of chloramphenicol sodium succinate. Plasma chloramphenicol concentrations were determined chemically at fixed intervals after dosing. Chloramphenicol sodium succinate solution gave higher and more rapidly attained plasma chloramphenicol concentrations than the other two preparations. The extent of chloramphenicol absorption up to 8 h after administration was greater with the succincate ester than with chloramphenicol dissolved in methylpyrrolidone. There was no difference in bioavailability between the aqueous suspension and the solution in methylpyrrolidone.  相似文献   

The immunophysiological basis for vaccinating ruminants against mastitis   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

I. G. COLDITZ  D. L. WATSON 《Australian veterinary journal》1985,62(5):145-153

The roles of humoral and cellular defence mechanisms in protection of the mammary gland against bacterial infection are reviewed. Effective protection depends on opsonisation of pathogens and subsequent phagocytosis by neutrophils. A concomitant requirement for protection is the rapid infiltration of neutrophils into the infected gland. Immunological studies have shown the need to prime animals against antigens expressed by bacteria when they grow in vivo. Vaccination procedures which promote these mammary defence mechanisms are discussed.  相似文献   

Oral chloramphenicol dosage regimens in cats     

A. D. J. WATSON 《Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics》1980,3(3):145-149

Five adult domestic cats were each given three separate 3-day courses of chloramphenicol, using a different oral-dosage regimen each time. The regimens were: 120 mg/kg/day divided 8-hourly, 60 mg/kg/day divided 8-hourly, and 50 mg per cat every 12 h (25–40 mg/kg/day). The interval between successive courses was 3 weeks. On the third day of each course plasma samples were obtained at fixed intervals after dosing and were assayed chemically for chloramphenicol. The ranges from peak to trough chloramphenicol concentrations with each regimen were (values are means ± SEM): 63.8 ± 4.60 to 43.0 ± 3.32 μg/ml (120 mg/kg/day), 42.0 ± 3.63 to 24.7 ± 1.83 μg/ml (60 mg/kg/day), and 24.3 ± 1.72 to 7.5 ± 0.85 μg/ml (50 mg per cat 12-hourly). Because of these findings, previous toxicity studies, and the proposed therapeutic (effective and safe) concentration for chloramphenicol of 5–15 μg/ml, it is suggested that a regimen of 50 mg per animal every 12 h could be adequate for chloramphenicol therapy in cats of average size (2.5-3.9 kg) and should be evaluated clinically.  相似文献   

Silage and milk production: a comparison between long, chopped and ground hays as supplements to silage of high digestibility     

M. E. CASTLE  M. S. GILL  J. N. WATSON 《Grass and Forage Science》1981,36(2):91-96

Grass silage made in May from S24 perennial ryegrass had a DM concentration of 262 g kg^-1 and an in vitro D-value of 0·698, and was given ad libitum to twelve Ayrshire cows in a 16-week feeding experiment. In addition supplements of hay with a mean in vitro D-value of 0·603 were offered in one of three forms—long, chopped (12·1 mm) or ground (0·80 modulus of fineness) and cubed—and of concentrates given at either 2 or 4 kg per 10 kg milk. Hay averaged 18·2% of total forage DM intake with mean daily intakes of 1·28, 1·22 and 2·26 kg DM per cow in the long, short and ground forms respectively. The highest daily intakes of forage, i.e. silage plus hay, occurred on the ground hay treatments, with values of 10·24 and 9·25 kg DM per cow on the 2 and 4 kg concentrate treatments respectively. The mean daily milk yields were 18·2,18·2 and 19·2 kg per cow on the long, short and ground hay treatments respectively but the increase in yield with the ground hay was only significant at the low level of concentrate intake. The hay treatments had small and non-significant effects on milk composition. It is concluded that ground hay was superior to either long or chopped hay as a supplement for silage, but the small advantages depended on the level of concentrate intake.  相似文献   

Control of Monochoria vaginalis in rice with the indigenous pathogenic fungi Chinese Rice Research Newsletter     

YU Liuqing  WATSON A.K.  HUANG Shiwen  XU Zhenghao  WANG Yanli 《水稻科学》1999,7(2):6

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Silage and milk production: comparisons between grass silage of three different chop lengths     

M. E. CASTLE  W. C. RETTER  J. N. WATSON 《Grass and Forage Science》1979,34(4):293-301

Three grass silages of different chop lengths made from a uniform sward of S23 perennial ryegrass were compared in four experiments including a feeding experiment with twelve lactating cows, an eating behaviour study, a rate of passage investigation and a selection trial. The silages had median chop lengths of 9·4, 17·4 and 72·0 mm, termed short, medium and long, with pH values of 3·93, 3·94 and 4·17 and D-values of 65·9, 65·2 and 64·4 respectively. The daily intakes of silage DM and the daily milk yields increased as silage chop length decreased. The milk yield response to shorter chopping was significant with a supplement of groundnut but not significant with a supplement of sugar-beet pulp. Chop length had small and generally non-significant effects on milk composition. Eating and ruminating times expressed as min per kg DM decreased as silage chop length decreased but the retention time of the silage residues in the entire digestive tract was not significantly affected by chop length. When offered simultaneously, the intakes of the individual silages were 52·2, 31·9 and 15·9% of the total DM intake for the short, medium and long treatments respectively. Although silage with a chop length of 9 mm had nutritional advantages over longer silages, it is concluded that the mechanical and economic aspects of silage making must be considered fully when defining optimum chop length.  相似文献