BOOK REVIEW     

AF Clarke 《Australian veterinary journal》2003,81(8):487-487

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Detection and seroprevalence of morbillivirus and other paramyxoviruses in geriatric cats with and without evidence of azotemic chronic kidney disease          下载免费PDF全文

Katie Elizabeth McCallum  Sam Stubbs  Nicholas Hope  Ian Mickleburgh  Dave Dight  Laurence Tiley  Tim L. Williams 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2018,32(3):1100-1108

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Problems in the Formulation of Pesticides for ULV Application     

J.N. Hope 《EPPO Bulletin》1971,1(2):91-94

The various factors affecting the production of satisfactory ULV formulations of common pesticides are discussed. Both the selection of carrier oils and the incorporation of active ingredients are examined and field workers are warned against possible misfortunes as the result of « on the spot >> formulations. The importance of using machines capable of emitting the carefully controlled droplets necessary for satisfactory ULV spraying is stressed.  相似文献   

Humoral and cellular immune responses to Fasciola gigantica experimental infection in buffaloes     

Zhang WY  Moreau E  Yang BZ  Li ZQ  Hope JC  Howard CJ  Huang WY  Chauvin A 《Research in veterinary science》2006,80(3):299-307

Humoral and cellular immune responses to Fasciola gigantica experimental infection in buffaloes were studied. The results showed that 33.4+/-9.1% of the infection dose was recovered as adult flukes from infected animals at necropsy. Significant differences of weight gain between infected and non-infected buffaloes was observed at 4 MPI (months post-infection). Anti F. gigantica excretory-secretory products (FgESP)-IgG levels increased significantly from 3 WPI (weeks post-infection) and displayed a peak at 13 WPI. Western blot indicated that in FgESP six major bands of 11.5, 19.0, 23.4, 29.8, 47.5 and 53.2kDa were recognized by F. gigantica-infected buffaloes sera after 0 WPI. Eosinophil numbers increased significantly from 3 WPI in F. gigantica-infected buffaloes and displayed a peak at 8 WPI. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) proliferation induced by FgESP increased from 2 WPI with a peak at 5 WPI. IFNgamma secretion by FgESP-stimulated PBMC appeared early from 1 WPI with three peaks at 2, 5 and 8 WPI, respectively. IL-10 production was observed from 2 WPI with two peaks at 4 and 9 WPI, respectively. Our results suggested that buffaloes were highly susceptible to F. gigantica infection, and this susceptibility could be associated with the late and weak cellular immune response in the early phase of infection and the Th0-like response throughout the infection.  相似文献   

Signs of generalized anxiety and compulsive disorders in chimpanzees     

Hope R. Ferdowsian  Debra L. Durham  Cassie Meré Johnson  Martin Brüne  Charles Kimwele  Godelieve Kranendonk  Emily Otali  Timothy Akugizibwe  J.B. Mulcahy  Lilly Ajarova 《Journal of Veterinary Behavior: Clinical Applications and Research》2012,7(6):353-361

Fear and anxiety have been studied extensively in humans and other animals. However, far less attention has been focused on the clinical and ethical implications of nonhuman animals’ susceptibility to psychological disorders. Behavioral signs of psychopathology in nonhuman animals, including our closest phylogenetic relatives, are rarely described as clinical syndromes. In this study, we drew on approaches described in child psychiatry, veterinary medicine, and primatology, to identify behavioral clusters in chimpanzees comparable with human anxiety disorders, such as generalized anxiety disorder and obsessive–compulsive disorder.In phase 1 of this study, we accessed published case reports of 20 chimpanzees subjected to maternal separation, social isolation, experimentation, or similar experiences. We tested the inter-rater reliability of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (fourth edition; DSM-IV) criteria for generalized anxiety disorder and obsessive–compulsive disorder when applied to chimpanzees in these case studies. Additionally, based on the DSM-IV, veterinary approaches, and ethograms, we defined behaviorally anchored alternative criteria, which proved more reliable than the DSM-IV criteria in phase 1. In phase 2, the new behaviorally anchored criteria were applied to chimpanzees living in wild sites in Africa (n = 196) and those with previous histories of experimentation, orphanage, illegal seizure, or violent human conflict (n = 168) living in sanctuaries. In phase 2, 18% of chimpanzees living in sanctuaries met the set of behaviorally anchored criteria for generalized anxiety disorder, compared with 0.5% of those in the wild (P = 0.036), and 19% of chimpanzees in sanctuaries met the set of behaviorally anchored criteria for obsessive–compulsive disorder, compared with 0% of those in the wild (P = 0.071).Chimpanzees display behavioral clusters similar to anxiety disorders described in humans, underscoring the importance of ethical considerations regarding their use in experimentation and other captive settings.  相似文献   

Determination of cardiac output in neonatal foals by ultrasound velocity dilution and its comparison to the lithium dilution method     

Andre Shih DVM  ; Steeve Giguère  DVM  PhD  DACVIM  ; L. Chris Sanchez  DVM  PhD  DACVIM  ; Alexander Valverde  DVM  DVSc  DACVA  ; Carsten Bandt DVM  DACVECC  ; Hope Jankunas BS    Sheilah Robertson BVMS  PhD  MRCVS  DECVA  DACVA 《Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care》2009,19(5):438-443

Objective – To compare cardiac output (CO) measured by use of lithium dilution (LiDCO) and ultrasound velocity dilution (UDCO) in conditions of high, intermediate, and low CO in anesthetized foals.
Design – Original prospective study.
Setting – University teaching hospital.
Animals – Six foals 1–3 days of age (38–45 kg).
Interventions – Neonatal foals were anesthetized and instrumented to measure direct blood pressure, heart rate, arterial blood gases, and CO. The CO was measured by use of LiDCO and UDCO techniques. Measurements were obtained from each foal at baseline and during low, intermediate, and high CO states. Measurements were converted to cardiac index (cardiac index=CO/body weight) values for statistical analysis. Agreement between the 2 methods was determined using Bland and Altman analysis and concordance correlation coefficients.
Measurements and Main Results – LiDCO determinations of CO ranged between 4.0 and 14.0 L/min resulting in cardiac index ranging between 75.5 and 310 mL/kg/min. There was no significant effect of blood pressure variation on bias or relative bias ( P =0.62 and 0.93, respectively). The mean bias and relative bias of UDCO (±SD) compared with LiDCO were −20.1±39.2 mL/kg/min and −7.7±23.4%, respectively. Concordance correlation coefficient between LiDCO and UDCO was 0.833.
Conclusions – When compared with LiDCO, the UDCO technique has acceptable clinical utility for measuring CO in healthy anesthetized newborn foals.  相似文献   

Maturation of bovine dendritic cells by lipopeptides     

Hope JC  Whelan AO  Hewinson RG  Vordermeier M  Howard CJ 《Veterinary immunology and immunopathology》2003,95(1-2):21-31

The response of DC, and the subsequent stimulation of T cells, is an essential part of the initiation of immune responses following microbial challenge. The response of human DC to bacterial lipopeptides is mediated by toll-like receptor 2, and is characterised by DC maturation and the enhanced capacity to stimulate of T cells. We report here that bovine DC are also induced to mature following lipopeptide stimulation. Exposure of DC to the model lipopeptide Pam3CSK4 was associated with increased expression of MHC, costimulatory molecules, and enhanced secretion of IL-12 and TNFalpha. Lipopeptide-matured DC were superior in their ability to induce T cell activation and IFNgamma secretion. In contrast, exposure of MPhi to lipopeptides induced down-regulation of MHC expression and much lower increases in IL-12 secretion. A lipopeptide derived from the sequence of a relevant mycobacterial lipoprotein, MPB83, also influenced bovine DC by stimulating increases in IL-12 and TNFalpha secretion. These different changes in bovine DC and MPhi may have important implications for immune responses induced following bacterial infection with uptake of microbes by DC resulting in potentiation of their immunostimulatory capacity and uptake by MPhi having a much less marked effect on immune responses.  相似文献   

Linkage of the gene for the scrapie-associated fibril protein (PrP) to the Sip gene in Cheviot sheep   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

N Hunter  J D Foster  A G Dickinson  J Hope 《The Veterinary record》1989,124(14):364-366

The gene Sip with two alleles, sA and pA, is the major gene determining the incubation period of scrapie in its natural host, sheep. Two lines of Cheviot sheep have been bred which differ in their response to experimental infection with SSBP/1 scrapie. The negative line have a decreased incidence of disease caused by SSBP/1 and are SippApA. The positive line have an increased incidence of disease and the majority are either SipsAsA or SipsApA; it is not possible to distinguish between the two genotypes on the basis of scrapie incubation time because the sA allele is fully dominant with SSBP/1 scrapie. There are also rare SippApA segregants in the positive line. The major protein (PrP) of scrapie-associated fibrils is encoded by a cellular gene and a cDNA copy of the hamster PrP mRNA has been used to analyse the restriction fragment length polymorphism of the two lines of Cheviot sheep. Two polymorphisms of the sheep PrP gene were found, by using HindIII and EcoRI, which appear to act as markers for the alleles of Sip. Using these polymorphisms it is now possible to assign a Sip genotype to the sheep in the Cheviot flock. Preliminary results from Anglo-Nubian goats and a cow are also reported.  相似文献   

PHARMACOLOGICAL MODULATION OF PAIN ASSOCIATED NEUROPEPTIDE RELEASE IN THE SPINAL CORD     

C.W. Lang  P.J. Hope  H-G. Schaible  A.W. Duggan 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》1991,18(Z1):385-386

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Erratum     

G. W. Hope 《American Journal of Potato Research》1964,41(9):309-309

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