Wet corn gluten feed and alfalfa hay levels in dry-rolled corn finishing diets: effects on finishing performance and feedlot nitrogen mass balance     

Farran TB  Erickson GE  Klopfenstein TJ  Macken CN  Lindquist RU 《Journal of animal science》2006,84(5):1205-1214

One-hundred ninety-two crossbred steers (initial BW = 351 +/- 11 kg) were used to determine the effects of removing alfalfa hay (AH) from dry-rolled corn-based diets containing wet corn gluten feed (WCGF) on animal performance and nutrient (N and OM) mass balance in open feedlot pens. Steers were stratified by weight and assigned randomly to 24 pens (2 x 3 factorial) and fed for 132 d from June to October 2002. Experimental diets contained either 0 or 35% WCGF and 0, 3.75, or 7.5% AH, and were formulated to be isonitrogenous. For efficiency of gain, an interaction occurred (P = 0.09) between AH and WCGF. Feed efficiencies of cattle fed 35% WCGF were improved 4.4% (P = 0.10) compared with efficiencies of cattle fed no WCGF at 0% AH; there was a marked improvement in ADG for cattle fed WCGF compared with no WCGF in diets with 0% AH. Within 35% WCGF diets, efficiency decreased as AH inclusion increased (P = 0.06). Efficiency was equal across AH levels when 0% WCGF was fed; however, ADG was decreased when AH was removed. Interactions between AH and WCGF were not detected for other performance or carcass criteria; therefore, main effects of AH and WCGF are discussed. Daily intake, ADG, and HCW increased linearly (P < 0.05) as dietary AH level increased. Feeding 35% WCGF also resulted in greater DMI (P < 0.01) and a tendency for greater ADG and HCW (P < or = 0.10) compared with steers fed no WCGF. Interactions between AH and WCGF were not observed for feedlot N mass balance. As level of AH increased across diets, N intake, N retention, and N excretion increased (P < 0.05). Steers fed 35% WCGF consumed and excreted more N (P < 0.01) than those fed no WCGF. More manure DM (P = 0.11), OM, and N (P < 0.01) were removed from pens housing steers fed 35% WCGF as well as greater OM and N recovery in finished compost. More N (kilogram/steer) was also lost to volatilization as a result of greater N excretion when WCGF was fed. Expressed as a percentage of N excretion, loss of N from pens housing steers fed 0 and 35% WCGF was not different, averaging nearly 80%. These data suggest that AH has less value when dry-rolled corn-based diets contain 35% WCGF and can be decreased from conventional levels. Furthermore, loss of N from open feedlot pens is high during the summer months, and feeding WCGF may not reduce N losses during these times of year.  相似文献   

Squamous cell carcinoma with hepatic metastasis in a saltwater crocodile (Crocodylus porosus)          下载免费PDF全文

AG Hill  MM Dennis  M Pyne 《Australian veterinary journal》2016,94(3):83-86

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Photoemission evidence for a remnant fermi surface and a d-wave-like dispersion in insulating Ca2CuO2Cl2     

F Ronning  C Kim  DL Feng  DS Marshall  AG Loeser  LL Miller  JN Eckstein  I Bozovic  Z Shen 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1998,282(5396):2067-2072

An angle-resolved photoemission study is reported on Ca2CuO2Cl2, a parent compound of high-Tc superconductors. Analysis of the electron occupation probability, n(k), from the spectra shows a steep drop in spectral intensity across a contour that is close to the Fermi surface predicted by the band calculation. This analysis reveals a Fermi surface remnant, even though Ca2CuO2Cl2 is a Mott insulator. The lowest energy peak exhibits a dispersion with approximately the &cjs3539;coskxa - coskya&cjs3539; form along this remnant Fermi surface. Together with the data from Dy-doped Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+delta, these results suggest that this d-wave-like dispersion of the insulator is the underlying reason for the pseudo gap in the underdoped regime.  相似文献   

Flowering and seed production of aspen in Scotland during a heavy seed year     

Worrell  R; Gordon  AG; Lee  RS; McInroy  A 《Forestry》1999,72(1):27-34

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Soybean seed coat chitinase as a defense protein against the stored product pest Callosobruchus maculatus          下载免费PDF全文

Nadia CM Silva  Jamile G Conceição  Kayan Eudorico Ventury  Leonardo FR De Sá  Eduardo AG Oliveira  Izabela S Santos  Valdirene M Gomes  Monique N Costa  Andre TS Ferreira  Jonas Perales  Jose Xavier‐Filho  Kátia VS Fernandes  Antonia EA Oliveira 《Pest management science》2018,74(6):1449-1456

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Suppression of Botrytis cinerea on necrotic grapevine tissues by early‐season applications of natural products and biological control agents     

Carlos Calvo‐Garrido  Inmaculada Viñas  Philip AG Elmer  Josep Usall  Neus Teixidó 《Pest management science》2014,70(4):595-602

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Potential secondary inoculum sources of Botrytis cinerea and their influence on bunch rot development in dry Mediterranean climate vineyards     

Carlos Calvo‐Garrido  Josep Usall  Inmaculada Viñas  Philip AG Elmer  Elena Cases  Neus Teixidó 《Pest management science》2014,70(6):922-930

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Regional distribution and integrity of equine ovarian pre‐antral follicles          下载免费PDF全文

SM Gonzalez  CB da Silva  AG Lindquist  I Bufalo  F Morotti  LA Lisboa  M Seneda 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2017,52(5):836-841

The goal of this study was to determine the distribution of pre‐antral follicles in the ovarian parenchyma of mares. For Experiment 1, each ovary was cut longitudinally at the greater curvature, performing two hemiovaries. After that, six fragments from each hemiovary were obtained, resulting in 12 fragments, which were divided into the innermost region of the parenchyma, the middle region and the outermost region. All the three obtained sections were cut transversally to obtain two fragments from each one. For Experiment 2, each ovary also submitted to a longitudinal cut on the greater curvature, forming two hemiovaries. Each hemiovary was sectioned into four symmetrical fragments, resulting in eight fragments per ovary. The fragments were related as being near to or far from the ovulatory fossa. The fragments of both experiments were immediately fixed in Carnoy for 12 hr and kept in 70% ethanol for 24 hr. Follicles were classified according to the stages of development and for morphological integrity according to oocyte morphology and granulosa cells. After the histological assessment, a total of 1,130 follicles were visualized from Experiment 1, being 1,054 (93.3%) primordial follicles and 76 (4.7%) follicles in development. The innermost region had the highest percentage of pre‐antral follicles compared to the other regions (p < .05). The middle and outermost regions showed higher percentages of intact primordial and developing follicles than the innermost region (p < .05). Considering Experiment 2, 938 follicles were found, being 894 (95.3%) primordial and 44 (4.7%) follicles in development. The region near the ovulatory fossa presented higher (58.7%; 551 of 938) follicular concentration compared to the region far from the ovulatory fossa (41.3%; 387 of 938; p < .05). As a conclusion, distribution of pre‐antral follicles in the equine ovary has a specific pattern through the parenchyma. Also, the follicular integrity differed in the studied ovarian areas.  相似文献   

Review of Small-Scale Grain Raising     

Rosanna Lindquist 《Journal Of Agricultural & Food Information》2013,14(1)

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Validation of predictive empirical weed emergence models of Abutilon theophrasti Medik based on intercontinental data     

Valle Egea-Cobrero  Kevin Bradley  Isabel M. Calha  Adam S. Davis  Jose Dorado  Frank Forcella  John L. Lindquist  Christy L. Sprague  Jose L. Gonzalez-Andujar 《Weed Research》2020,60(4):297-302

Good weed management relies on the proper timing of weed control practices in relation to weed emergence dynamics. Therefore, the development of models that predict the timing of emergence may help provide growers with tools to make better weed management decisions. The aim of this study was to validate and compare two previously published predictive empirical thermal time models of the emergence of Abutilon theophrasti growing in maize with data sets from the USA and Europe, and test the hypothesis that a robust and general weed emergence model can be developed for this species. Previously developed Weibull and Logistic models were validated against new data sets collected from 11 site-years, using four measures of validation. Our results indicated that predictions made with the Weibull model were more reliable than those made with the Logistic model. However, Weibull model results still contained appreciable biases that prevent its use as a general model of A. theophrasti emergence. Our findings highlight the need to develop more accurate models if the ultimate goal is to make more precise predictions of weed seedling emergence globally to provide growers with universally consistent tools to make better weed management decisions.  相似文献