Fatal levamisole toxicosis of captive kiwi (Apteryx mantelli)     

BD Gartrell  MR Alley  AH Mitchell 《New Zealand veterinary journal》2013,61(1):84-86

CASE HISTORY: Nine of 24 captive kiwi treated with oral levamisole at a dose between 25–43 mg/kg showed signs of respiratory distress. Six died within 4 h of treatment and the remaining three made a full recovery within 24 h.

CLINICAL AND PATHOLOGICAL FINDINGS: Within 3–4 h of treatment, the affected birds had an elevated respiratory rate, mucoid nasal discharge and rapidly became comatose. Post mortem examination revealed accumulation of thick mucus in the oral cavity and trachea. There was severe pulmonary congestion and oedema and early bronchopneumonia in the lungs of five of the birds. In two birds, there was acute hepatic degeneration and necrosis and one bird had acute pancreatic degeneration and necrosis.

DIAGNOSIS: Acute levamisole toxicity.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Kiwi were acutely sensitive to levamisole toxicity at doses that are well within the safe range for domestic poultry. Levamisole should not be used as an anthelmintic in kiwi.  相似文献   

Comparison of Diverse Differential Plating Methods to Enrich Bovine Spermatogonial Cells          下载免费PDF全文

MI Giassetti  MD Goissis  FRO de Barros  AH Bruno  MEOA Assumpção  JA Visintin 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2016,51(1):26-32

Spermatogonial stem cells (SSC) have important applications in domestic animal reproduction and advanced biotechnologies. Because differential plating is one of the most common methods used for SSC enrichment, the goal of this study was to compare three differential plating methods for the enrichment of bovine SSC. To achieve this goal, testicular parenchyma from pre‐pubertal calves was minced and single cells were obtained after two enzymatic digestions. We compared three coating methods for differential plating: laminin (20 ng/ml), BSA (0.05 mg/ml) and PBS. Cells were incubated at 37°C, 5% CO₂ in air for 15 min onto laminin‐coated dishes or 2 h onto BSA‐ or PBS‐coated dishes. Cell viability was assessed by trypan blue exclusion method. Recovered cells were analysed for the expression of SSC molecular markers by quantitative RT‐PCR (GFRA1, CXCR4, ITGA6, THY1) and flow cytometry (GFRA1, CXCR4 and ITGA6). Cells at time 0, adherent cells on laminin and non‐adherent cells from BSA and PBS groups had the same cell viability (p = 0.0655). GFRA1, CXCR4 and THY1 relative gene expression was higher (p = 0.0402, p = 0.0007, p = 0.0117, respectively) for non‐adherent cells selected in PBS group. Flow cytometry analysis revealed that the presence of GFRA‐positive (GFRA+) cells was higher in non‐adherent cells from BSA and PBS groups (p < 0.001). However, laminin‐adherent cells had higher number of ITGA6+ cells (p < 0.001) and lower presence of CXCR4+ cells (p = 0.0012). In conclusion, differential plating is an effective method for the enrichment of bovine undifferentiated spermatogonia and higher expression of SSC markers is obtained without laminin or BSA coating.  相似文献   

Effect of potassium sulfate on quantitative and qualitative characteristics of canola cultivars upon late-season drought stress conditions     

Soheila Farahani  Eslam Majidi Heravan  Ghorban Noormohammadi 《Journal of plant nutrition》2019,42(13):1543-1555

In order to reduce the damage caused by late-season drought stress of canola, a factorial split plot experiment was performed on the basis of the randomized complete blocks design with three replications in Karaj, Iran. The treatments were potassium sulfate in two levels, including application and non-application of potassium sulfate, irrigation at three levels including normal irrigation (control), restricted irrigation from the flowering and pod formation stage, as factorial were in main plots and winter canola cultivars including Opera, L72, KR1, GKH3705, GKH0224 were in subplots. The interaction effect of potassium sulfate?×?irrigation?×?cultivar on seed yield, stomatal resistance, oil yield, linoleic acid, linolenic acid and glucosinolate was significant at the 1% level. The promising line of L72 in normal irrigation and application of potassium sulfate and Opera cultivar under late-season drought stress and application of potassium sulfate had the highest seed yield, oil yield and fatty acids composition.  相似文献   

SSR and EST-SSR-based population genetic structure of Linum L. (Linaceae) species in Iran     

Hadi Habibollahi  Zahra Noormohammadi  Masoud Sheidai  Farah Farahani 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2016,63(7):1127-1138

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Evaluation of bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) seeds inoculation with Rhizobium phaseoli and plant growth promoting rhizobacteria on yield and yield components     

Yadegari M  Rahmani HA  Noormohammadi G  Ayneband A 《Pakistan journal of biological sciences: PJBS》2008,11(15):1935-1939

To study the effect of co-inoculation with plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) and Rhizobium, on yield and yield components of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) cultivars was investigated in 2 consecutive years under field condition of plant growing evidence indicates that soil beneficial bacteria can positively affect symbiotic performance of rhizobia. PGPR strains Pseudomonas fluorescens P-93 and Azospirillum lipoferum S-21 as well as two highly effective Rhizobium strains were used in this study. Common bean seeds of three cultivars were inoculated with Rhizobium singly or in a combination with PGPR to evaluate their effect on growth characters. A significant variation of plant growth in response to inoculation with Rhizobium strains was observed. Treatment with PGPR significantly increased pod per plant, number of seeds per pod, weight of 100 seed, weight of seeds per plant, weight of pods per plant, total dry matter in R6 as well as seed yield and protein content. Co-inoculation with Rhizobium and PGPR demonstrated a significant increase in the yield and yield components. The results showed that all treatments of bacteria increased yield; however, strains Rb-133 with Pseudomonas fluorescens P-93 gave the highest seed yield, number of pods per plant, weight of 100 seed, seed protein yield, number seed per pod, seed protein yield.  相似文献   

Humid‐thermal index for a new management approach of Ommatissus lybicus     

Rashid Al Shidi  Lalit Kumar  Salim AH Al‐Khatri 《Pest management science》2019,75(11):3060-3069

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Metabolic blood profile of beef heifers during oestrous and non‐oestrous states          下载免费PDF全文

EM Crane  JC Munro  SL Bourgon  M Diel de Amorim  R Ventura  AH Fredeen  YR Montanholi 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2016,51(5):819-826

Haematological metabolic profiles in heifers could contribute to the development of proxies for oestrous detection and provide clues to further characterize biological changes during oestrus. One hundred and seven beef heifers were observed for oestrous behaviour twice daily for 124 days. Feed intake and productive performance (body weight and composition) traits were measured, and feed efficiency was determined using residual feed intake (kg DM/day). Blood plasma samples were collected when signs of oestrus were observed and every 30 ± 2 days. Heifers were considered in oestrus (n = 71) when plasma progesterone concentrations were <0.6 ng/ml. Least square means of blood metabolic parameters were compared between oestrous and non‐oestrous states and within oestrous groups according to performance traits and age. Heifers in oestrus exhibited higher concentrations of alkaline phosphatase, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), beta‐hydroxybutyric acid, creatine kinase (CK) and triiodothyronine (T3) than heifers in non‐oestrus. Heifers in oestrus revealed lower osmolality and concentrations of calcium, sodium and total protein than during non‐oestrus. Younger (and smaller) heifers had greater concentrations of CK, gamma‐glutamyl transferase (GGT), glucose and sodium than the older heifers. Heifers with lower fatness had increased osmolality and concentrations of cholesterol, CK, phosphorus, sodium and reduced T3 levels. Feed efficient heifers had greater levels of AST, cholesterol and GGT than inefficient heifers. Blood plasma parameters may be complementary to oestrous detection upon further validation; effects of age, feed efficiency, body size and body composition should be considered to optimize this haematological assessment.  相似文献   

TonB is essential for virulence in avian pathogenic Escherichia coli     

Holden KM  Browning GF  Noormohammadi AH  Markham PF  Marenda MS 《Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases》2012,35(2):129-138

Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) strains have multiple iron-uptake systems that facilitate adaptation to iron-restricted environments and are believed to assist in colonisation of the host. These systems include several TonB-dependent transporters of ferri-siderophores encoded by the chromosome and the large virulence plasmid common to APECs. The tonB gene of the virulent APEC strain E956 was replaced with a selectable antibiotic resistance marker using Lambda Red recombinase mutagenesis. The phenotype of the ΔtonB E956 mutant was compared to the parent strain under various culture conditions and in chickens experimentally infected via the respiratory route. The mutant was resistant to streptonigrin, impaired in its ability to adapt to growth in iron-depleted medium and had greater tolerance of oxidative stress than the parental strain. The mutant was avirulent in chickens, did not affect the growth of chicks and colonisation was mostly limited to the trachea. This study has demonstrated that TonB is essential for virulence in APEC.  相似文献   

Duration of immunity with Mycoplasma synoviae: comparison of the live attenuated vaccine MS-H (Vaxsafe MS) with its wild-type parent strain, 86079/7NS     

Jones JF  Whithear KG  Scott PC  Noormohammadi AH 《Avian diseases》2006,50(2):228-231

The duration of protective immunity elicited by the MS-H vaccine was evaluated by experimental challenge of chickens at 15 and 40 wk after eyedrop vaccination. Immunity induced by the parent strain of the vaccine, 86079/7NS, was also investigated for comparison. A serological response to Mycoplasma synoviae was detected in 89% to 100% of MS-H vaccinates and 86079/7NS inoculates at 15, 27, 30, 35, and 40 wk after inoculation. A significantly lower incidence of air-sac lesions and lower air-sac lesion severity were observed in both the MS-H vaccinated and the 86079/7NS inoculated groups, as compared to the unvaccinated controls, after both challenge points. Tracheal mucosal thicknesses in MS-H vaccinates was significantly lower in the upper, lower, and total trachea at 40 wk after vaccination, as compared to the controls. It was demonstrated in this experiment that protective immunity, as determined by protection against experimental challenge, was maintained to at least 40 wk after vaccination.  相似文献   

Differentiation of infectious laryngotracheitis virus isolates by restriction fragment length polymorphic analysis of polymerase chain reaction products amplified from multiple genes     

Kirkpatrick NC  Mahmoudian A  O'Rourke D  Noormohammadi AH 《Avian diseases》2006,50(1):28-34

Infectious laryngotracheitis (ILT) has been identified in most countries around the world and remains a threat to the intensive poultry industry. Outbreaks of mild to moderate forms of ILT are common in commercial layer flocks, while sporadic outbreaks of ILT in broiler flocks have also been recognized as an emerging problem in several countries. Examination of viral isolates using restriction fragment length polymorphism of polymerase chain reaction (PCR-RFLP) from individual ILTV genes has suggested that some of these outbreaks were caused by vaccine strains. In this study, PCR-RFLP of a number of ILTV genes/genomic regions including gE, gG, TK, ICP4, ICP18.5, and open reading frame (ORF) B-TK was used to examine a number of historical and contemporary Australian ILTV isolates and vaccine strains. PCR-RFLP of gE using restriction endonuclease EaeI failed to distinguish between any of the isolates including the vaccine strains. PCR-RFLP of gG, TK, and ORFB-TK using restriction endonucleases MspI and FokI, respectively, divided all the isolates into two groups. PCR-RFLP of ICP18.5 and ICP4 using restriction endonuclease HaeIII separated the isolates into three different groups with some field isolates only able to be distinguished from vaccine strains by PCR-RFLP of ICP18.5. A combination of groupings including gG, TK, ICP4, ICP18.5, and ORFB-TK PCR-RFLP classified the ILTV isolates under investigation into five different groups with most isolates distinguishable from vaccine strains. Results from this study reveal that to achieve reliable identification of strains of ILTV, the examination of multiple gene regions will be required, and that most of the recent ILT outbreaks in Australia are not being caused by vaccine strains.  相似文献