Antimicrobial Resistance in Some Gram‐Negative Bacteria Isolated from the Bovine Ejaculate     

C Kilburn  DJ Rooks  AJ McCarthy  RD Murray 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2013,48(3):525-528

The bacterial load and degree of antibiotic resistance present in untreated and antibiotic‐treated semen samples were investigated in five bulls standing at a cattle‐breeding centre. Bacterial load was determined by colony counts from semen samples cultured on brain heart infusion and nutrient agar plates. Antibiotic resistance in these bacteria was assessed by measuring the diameter of bacterial growth inhibition zones around discs containing different concentrations of antibiotics. Representative antibiotic‐resistant bacterial isolates were selected for identification. Untreated semen contained few culturable bacteria, and all were completely sensitive to gentamycin, spectinomycin and lincomycin: six of the isolates showed some resistance to tylosin. In semen to which antibiotics had been added as part of the routine production process, two isolates were sensitive to all of the antibiotics tested, and the remainder were resistant to all. Resistant Gram‐negative isolates that were identified included Pseudomonas and Stenotrophomonas spp. both in the class Gammaproteobacteria and a Sphingomonas sp. which is in the class Alphaproteobacteria.  相似文献   

Feeding ragworm (Nereis virens Sars) increases haematocrit and haemoglobin levels in common sole (Solea solea L.)          下载免费PDF全文

Jeroen Kals  Robbert JW Blonk  Henk W van der Mheen  Johan W Schrama  Johan AJ Verreth 《Aquaculture Research》2016,47(10):3346-3349

  相似文献   

Efficacy of a commercial vaccine against different strains of rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus          下载免费PDF全文

AJ Read  PD Kirkland 《Australian veterinary journal》2017,95(7):223-226

  相似文献   

Haemolytic anaemia in cattle in NSW associated with Theileria infections     

MM Izzo  I Poe  N Horadagoda  AJ De Vos  JK House 《Australian veterinary journal》2010,88(1-2):45-51

Several outbreaks of anaemia, jaundice, abortion and mortality in cattle in New South Wales were attributed to the intracellular parasite, Theileria buffeli . Disease occurred predominantly in periparturient animals that had been moved from inland to coastal areas. Diagnosis was made via exclusion of other causes of haemolytic anaemia and observation of the parasite in blood smears. Treatments included both registered and non-registered products. There is a possibility of a new strain of Theileria sp. in Australia and the possible vectors encountered in NSW are discussed.  相似文献   

Effect of Luteinizing Hormone and Tumour Necrosis Factor‐Alpha on VEGF Secretion by Cultured Porcine Endometrial Stromal Cells     

MM Kaczmarek  A Blitek  D Schams  AJ Ziecik 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2010,45(3):481-486

  相似文献   

Effect of N‐acetyl‐L‐cysteine Supplementation in Semen Extenders on Semen Quality and Reactive Oxygen Species of Chilled Canine Spermatozoa     

AJ Michael  C Alexopoulos  EA Pontiki  DJ Hadjipavlou‐Litina  P Saratsis  HN Ververidis  CM Boscos 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2010,45(2):201-207

The objective of this study was to evaluate the quality of chilled dog semen processed with extenders containing various concentrations of N‐acetyl‐L‐cysteine (NAC). Ejaculates from five dogs were collected, pooled and evaluated for concentration, motility, rapid steady forward movement (RSF‐movement), viability, acrosomal integrity and by the hypo‐osmotic swelling test (HOST). In addition, superoxide anion (O₂^‐?) production, hydroxyl radicals (OH^?) and total reactive oxygen species (tROS) were determined. The pool was divided into five aliquots, which were diluted to a final concentration of 66.66 × 10⁶ spermatozoa/ml with Tris‐glucose‐egg yolk extender containing one of the following concentrations of NAC (0, 0.5, 1, 2.5 or 5 mm ). The semen aliquots were chilled and preserved at 4°C. Semen quality was evaluated after rewarming at 72 h. Sperm motility was significantly higher with the 0.5 mm concentration compared with the control group (p = 0.001). Rapid steady forward movement was higher with the 0.5 and 1 mm concentrations compared with the control and 5 mm group (p < 0.001). Viability and HOST percentages were not significantly altered. Compared with the control, the 5 mm concentration showed significantly reduced percentages of spermatozoa with normal acrosomes (p = 0.049). None of the ROS values at 72 h were significantly affected by the presence of NAC in semen extenders, although all NAC concentrations showed lower O₂^‐? and OH^? values compared with the control. Only the concentrations of 1 and 5 mm inhibited the significant increase of tROS values after 72 h, compared with the fresh semen value. In conclusion, NAC supplementation of semen extenders is beneficial to semen motility of canine spermatozoa during chilling with the 0.5 mm concentration being the most effective, although no significant ROS inhibition was observed at 72 h.  相似文献   

Pathological and Bacteriological Studies of Hydrosalpinx in Buffaloes     

OI Azawi  HF Al‐Abidy  AJ Ali 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2010,45(3):416-420

The objectives of the present study were to investigate the bacteria accompanying hydrosalpinx of the buffalo cow and investigate the correlation between bacterial infection of the uterus and hydrosalpinx. Buffalo cows’ reproductive tracts were collected from Mosul abattoir. A total 385 uterine samples were examined of which 25 were having hydrosalpinx. Swabs for bacteriology, fluid for cytology and biopsies for histopathology were collected from the hydrosalpinx and the uterus from each samples included in this study. Results of this study indicated high prevalence of hydrosalpinx (6.5%) including unilateral (n = 19; 76%) and bilateral (n = 6; 24%) hydrosalpinx. Although 16 samples (64%) of the hydrosalpinx samples had no bacterial growth, the most prevalent bacteria recovered from hydrosalpinx were Corynebacterium hemolyticum and Actinomyces bovis, 42.8% and 28.6%, respectively. The most prevalent bacteria in the uterus were Archanobacterium pyogenes (18.5%), Staphylococcus aureus (14.8%), and Listeria monocytogenes (11.0%). Higher rates of leukocytes infiltration (p < 0.01) were observed in the uterine discharge than hydrosalpinx. A significant (p < 0.01) increase in lymphocytes was found in uterine discharge. Microscopic examination of the hydrosalpinx showed mucosal atrophy and dilatation of oviductal lumen without any signs of inflammation. It could be concluded that there is no correlation between bacteria isolated from uterus and hydrosalpinx. No association was found between bacteriological cultures and hydrosalpinx. Inflammation of the uterine tissue could be extended to utero‐tubal junction producing local inflammation resulting in fibrosis and tubal obstruction. The obstruction in the lumen of the oviducts resulted in accumulation of fluid.  相似文献   

Resistance to glyphosate in Lolium rigidum     

Debrah F Lorraine-Colwill  Tim R Hawkes  Patricia H Williams  Simon AJ Warner  Peter B Sutton  Stephen B Powles  Christopher Preston 《Pest management science》1999,55(4):489-491

Annual ryegrass (Lolium rigidum) is a widespread and important weed of Australia and populations of this weed have developed resistance to most major herbicides, including glyphosate. The possible mechanisms of resistance have been examined in one glyphosate-resistant Lolium population. No major differences were observed between resistant and susceptible biotypes in respect of (i) the target enzyme (EPSP synthase), (ii) DAHP synthase, the first enzyme of the target (shikimate) pathway, (iii) absorption of glyphosate, or (iv) translocation. Following treatment with glyphosate, there was greater accumulation of shikimate (derived from shikimate-3-Pi) in susceptible than in resistant plants. In addition, the resistant population exhibited cross-resistance to 2-hydroxy-3-(1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)propyl phosphonate, a herbicide which, although structurally similar to glyphosate, acts at an unrelated target site. On the basis of these observations we speculate that movement of glyphosate to its site of action in the plastid is involved in the resistance mechanism. © 1999 Society of Chemical Industry  相似文献   

Off-axis crustal thickness across and along the east pacific rise within the MELT area   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

JP Canales  RS Detrick  S Bazin  AJ Harding  JA Orcutt 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1998,280(5367):1218-1221

Wide-angle seismic data along the Mantle Electromagnetic and Tomography (MELT) arrays show that the thickness of 0.5- to 1. 5-million-year-old crust of the Nazca Plate is not resolvably different from that of the Pacific Plate, despite an asymmetry in depth and gravity across this portion of the East Pacific Rise. Crustal thickness on similarly aged crust on the Nazca plate near a magmatically robust part of the East Pacific Rise at 17 degrees15'S is slightly thinner (5.1 to 5.7 kilometers) than at the 15 degrees55'S overlapping spreading center (5.8 to 6.3 kilometers). This small north-south off-axis crustal thickness difference may reflect along-axis temporal variations in magma supply, whereas the across-axis asymmetry in depth and gravity must be caused by density variations in the underlying mantle.  相似文献   

Management of bilateral flexural deformity of the metacarpophalangeal joints in three alpaca crias     

T CASHMAN  AJ DART  A O''SHEA  DR HODGSON 《Australian veterinary journal》1999,77(8):508-510

Three neonatal alpacas were treated for MCP flexural deformities. Two crias responded well to conservative therapy using splints made from fibreglass cast material. One cria with severe deformity failed to respond to conservative treatment but recovered satisfactorily after transection of the suspensory ligament in both legs. It seems that mild cases of flexural deformity of the MCP joint in alpaca crias respond well to conservative therapy but that surgical correction may be required in more severe cases. Sequential transection of the structures limiting extension of the MCP joint may result in fewer complications than previously reported techniques.  相似文献