关于自然选择单位的四种学说的内在统一(英文)     

韦文惠  陈奇  李大林 《农业科学与技术》2012,(3):481-484,491

[目的]探讨关于自然选择单位的4种学说的内在联系。[方法]通过建立数学模型,探讨遗传群体杂合子适合度取值范围,阐明自然选择单位的4种学说的内在联系。[结果]根据研究中建立的数学模型,发现突变基因必须在纯和杂2方面都满足自然选择的要求,而且能在杂合状态下表现出高适合度,才更容易被保留下来,这就兼顾到个体的适应与集体的适应。从而在理论上统一了个体选择,集体选择,基因选择及木村资生的中性学说。[结论]该研究结果显示关于自然选择单位的4种学说是可共存的,彼此间分享了一个共同的前提。  相似文献   

Stallion spermatozoa selected by single layer centrifugation are capable of fertilization after storage for up to 96?h at 6°C prior to artificial insemination     

Johanna Lindahl  Anne-Marie Dalin  Gesa Stuhtmann  Jane M Morrell 《Acta veterinaria Scandinavica》2012,54(1):40

Background

One of the challenges faced by equine breeders is ensuring delivery of good quality semen doses for artificial insemination when the mare is due to ovulate. Single Layer Centrifugation (SLC) has been shown to select morphologically normal spermatozoa with intact chromatin and good progressive motility from the rest of the ejaculate, and to prolong the life of these selected spermatozoa in vitro. The objective of the present study was a proof of concept, to determine whether fertilizing ability was retained in SLC-selected spermatozoa during prolonged storage.

Findings

Sixteen mares were inseminated with SLC-selected sperm doses that had been cooled and stored at 6°C for 48 h, 72 h or 96 h. Embryos were identified in 11 mares by ultrasound examination 16–18 days after presumed ovulation.

Conclusion

SLC-selected stallion spermatozoa stored for up to 96 h are capable of fertilization.  相似文献   

浅析澜沧县森林防火存在的问题及对策   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

杨大林  王院生 《林业建设》2012,(3):37-39

从澜沧县县情出发,阐述了澜沧县森林防火的重要性,分析了澜沧县森林防火工作存在的问题,并针对问题提出了建议和对策。  相似文献   

Prevalence of clinical findings at examinations of young Swedish warmblood riding horses     

Lina J?nsson  Lars Roepstorff  Agneta Egenvall  Anna N?sholm  G?ran Dalin  Jan Philipsson 《Acta veterinaria Scandinavica》2013,55(1):34

Background

Soundness of an individual horse is important for animal welfare and owner economy. However, knowledge of health status in normal horse populations is limited due to lack of systematic health recordings. The aim of the investigation was to study the prevalence of veterinary clinical findings in 4-5-year-old Swedish warmblood riding horses, and their influence on overall health scores, where associations to future longevity has been indicated.

Results

The prevalence of clinical findings in 8,281 horses examined during 1983–2005 was studied according to a standardised protocol and related to overall health scores in linear statistical models. Effects of sex, age, examination event and changes over time were included. In total, 49% of the horses had clinical findings of medical health (MED), 42% in hooves (HOOF) and 74% of palpatory orthopaedic health (PALP). However, only 6%, 3% and 24% had moderate or severe findings, of MED, HOOF and PALP, respectively. Flexion test reactions were reported in 21% of the horses (5% moderate/severe), heavily influencing the overall score (H2). One fifth of these horses also had findings of unprovoked lameness while 83% had PALP findings (44% with moderate/severe findings). Acute clinical signs, i.e. heat or soreness, had a large influence on the H2 score but were rare, whereas more common clinical findings had smaller effects on overall health. Large variations in recorded health results were observed among events. A decrease in findings has occurred since 1983, in particular for PALP findings.

Conclusions

Results of occurrence and relevance of evaluated clinical findings could be used for advice on preventive actions to keep horses sound, and possibly for benchmarking, and genetic evaluation of health traits. The distinct effect of event on recorded clinical findings emphasises that further harmonisation of veterinary examinations are desirable.  相似文献   

Successful treatment of a pancreatic pseudocyst by omentalisation in a dog     

RM Jerram  CG Warman  ESS Davies  MC Robson  AM Walker 《New Zealand veterinary journal》2013,61(4):197-201

CASE HISTORY A 3-year-old male Labrador retriever was presented with a history of dietary indiscretion followed by vomiting and abdominal pain.

CLINICAL FINDINGS AND TREATMENT: Abdominal ultrasonography revealed the presence of a fluid-filled cystic structure in the region of the pancreas. Flocculent, dark fluid was drained from the cystic structure during exploratory celiotomy prior to resection of the lateral cystic wall. Omentum was sutured into the cystic cavity to provide drainage and enhance immune response. A jejunostomy feeding tube was placed. Post-surgical care consisted of antibiotic therapy. The dog was clinically normal at 1 and 7 months post-operatively and the pancreas appeared normal on final ultrasonographic examination.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE: This case describes the use of omentum to provide physiological drainage of a pancreatic pseudocyst. This surgical technique may help clinicians manage patients with this condition in the future.  相似文献   

QuEChERS/UPLC-MS/MS法测定雷公藤及根际土壤中3种农药残留     

李凤凤  张毅鹏  龚达林  刘三波  黄麒元  梅之南  王学奎  舒少华 《华中农业大学学报》2023,42(1):205-211

为建立雷公藤种植过程中常用农药的残留含量检测方法,采用快速样品前处理结合超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法（quick,easy, cheap,effective,rugged and safe/ultra performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry,QuEChERS/UPLC-MS/MS）测定雷公藤及根际土壤中辛硫磷、氯氰菊酯和乙基多杀菌素的含量。样品中加入适量的水浸润后用乙腈超声提取,N-丙基乙二胺（PSA）吸附净化,利用优化后的UPLC-MS/MS方法进行检测,基质外标法定量。结果显示,3种农药在根样基质中的检出限（LOD）为0.001～0.714μg/kg,定量限（LOQ）为0.002～2.380μg/kg;在土壤基质中的检出限（LOD）为0.002～0.810μg/kg,定量限（LOQ）为0.006～2.410μg/kg。线性关系、回收率和相对标准偏差均符合农药残留检测的相关规定。结果表明,该方法能满足雷公藤及根际土壤中3种农药残留含量的快速检测要求。  相似文献   

Thrombotic Microangiopathy,Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome,and Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura Following Hump-nosed Pit Viper (Genus: Hypnale) Envenoming in Sri Lanka     

RMMK Namal Rathnayaka  PE Anusha Nishanthi Ranathunga  Senanayake AM Kularatne 《The Forestry Chronicle》2019,30(1):66-78

  相似文献   

安徽省花生产量与气象因素的关联度分析及预测模型研究   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

杨小兵  杨峻  杨晨  任重  汪大林 《中国农学通报》2020,36(34):100-103

为分析气象因子对安徽花生产量的影响,构建适用于本地的花生单位产量预测模型,以期为探讨花生经济效益、应对气象灾害风险管理提供参考。对安徽各市2000—2017年花生气象产量和气象因子进行灰色关联度分析,筛选出关联度较大的气象因子,并采用逐步回归法建立产量预测模型。结果表明：安徽花生产量与生育期气象因子关联度5月份平均气温>7月份光照时数>5月份光照时数>6月份光照时数>7月份平均气温>8月份光照时数>8月份平均气温>6月份平均气温>8月份降水量>7月份降水量>5月份降水量>6月份降水量,应用建立的花生单位产量预测模型对历年产量进行回测,结果显示预测值与实际值均方根误差为815 kg/hm²、拟合指数为0.81,总体较好,具有一定的应用价值。  相似文献   

Reduction in the mRNA expression of sVEGFR1 and sVEGFR2 is associated with the selection of dominant follicle in cows          下载免费PDF全文

PV Ortega Serrano  A Guzmán  CG Hernández–Coronado  H Castillo‐Juárez  AM Rosales‐Torres 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2016,51(6):985-991

The vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is essential for follicular development by promoting follicular angiogenesis, as well as for the proliferation and survival of granulosa cells. The biological effects of VEGF are regulated by two membrane receptors, VEGFR1 and VEGFR2, and two soluble receptors, sVEGFR1 and sVEGFR2, which play an antagonistic role. Thus, the objective of this study was to identify the mRNA expression pattern of total VEGF, VEGFR1, VEGFR2, sVEGFR1 and sVEGFR2 in bovine preselected follicles (PRF) and post‐selected follicles (POF). The mRNA expression of these five genes in both granulosa cells (GC) and theca cells (TC) was compared between follicles classified as PRF and POF based on their diameter and on their ratio of estradiol/progesterone (E2/P4). Results showed a lower expression of mRNA of sVEGFR1 and sVEGFR2 in POF than in PRF (p < .05). Regarding the mRNA expression of total VEGF, VEGFR1 and VEGFR2, there was no difference between POF and PRF follicles (p > .05). Our results showed that the mRNA expression of VEGFR2 and sVEGFR1 was more abundant than the expression of VEGFR1 and sVEGFR2, while GC was the main source of mRNA for total VEGF. On the other hand, TC was the follicular compartment where the receptors were most expressed. Our results suggest that non‐dominant follicles maintain a greater concentration of the mRNA expression of both membrane and soluble VEGF receptors. On the other hand, follicular dominance is related to a reduction in the mRNA expression of sVEGFR1 and sVEGFR2, which may favour VEGF binding with VEGFR2 and, hence, improve the follicular health and development.  相似文献   

Shape transition of germanium nanocrystals on a silicon (001) surface from pyramids to domes     

G Medeiros-Ribeiro  AM Bratkovski  TI Kamins  DAA Ohlberg  RS Williams 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1998,279(5349):353-355

Chemical vapor deposition of germanium onto the silicon (001) surface at atmospheric pressure and 600 degrees Celsius has previously been shown to produce distinct families of smaller (up to 6 nanometers high) and larger (all approximately 15 nanometers high) nanocrystals. Under ultrahigh-vacuum conditions, physical vapor deposition at approximately the same substrate temperature and growth rate produced a similar bimodal size distribution. In situ scanning tunneling microscopy revealed that the smaller square-based pyramids transform abruptly during growth to significantly larger multifaceted domes, and that few structures with intermediate size and shape remain. Both nanocrystal shapes have size-dependent energy minima that result from the interplay between strain relaxation at the facets and stress concentration at the edges. A thermodynamic model similar to a phase transition accounts for this abrupt morphology change.  相似文献