DETECTION OF PORTAL BLOOD FLOW USING PER-RECTAL ^99mTc-PERTECHNETATE SCINTIGRAPHY IN NORMAL CATS     

Fintan J.  McEvoy  MVB  PhD  Myra A. Forster-van  Hijfte  DVM  Robert N.  White  BSc  BVetMed 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》1998,39(3):234-237

This study reports data obtained from per-rectal ^99mTc-pertechnetate portal scintigraphy in normal cats. It examines the effects of chemical restraint and the methods employed in defining regions of interest (ROIs) on the shunt index derived from this data. Six normal cats were used for the study; all six were chemically restrained for imaging using propofol and later four of them were manually restrained for comparison. Portal blood flow was studied and the mean shunt index was found to be 5.9%± 3.9 when ROIs were operator defined and 9.2%± 4.4 when ROIs were defined using an isocontour program. In cats that were restrained using propofol and operator defined ROIs, the mean value for the time between detection of radioactivity in the liver and in the heart was 14 ± 1 seconds.  相似文献   

Esophageal Replacement in the Dog by Microvascular Colon Transfer     

ALAN B. KUZMA BSc  DVM  DVSc    DAVID L. HOLMBERG DVM  MVSc  DiplomateACVS    CRAIG W. MILLER DVM  MSc  DiplomateACVS    IAN BARKER DVM  MSc  PhD  JAMES ROTH MD  FRCS 《Veterinary surgery : VS》1990,18(6):439-445

An orthotopic colon graft based on the middle colic artery and vein was implanted with microvascular technique and a stapling instrument in five dogs. The grafts were successful in four dogs. A similar colon autograft was used to replace the entire thoracic esophagus in five dogs. The recipient vessels were the left carotid artery and left external jugular vein. Four of the grafts failed because of kinking and thrombosis of the arterial supply (2 dogs) or the venous outflow (2 dogs). One graft, which had a viable vascular supply, developed a severe leak at the colon-to-stomach anastomosis, and the dog was euthanatized on day 3. The recipient vascular pedicle was modified and used successfully to replace a portion of the cervical esophagus in three dogs. The grafts survived, the dogs could swallow liquids and semisolid food well, and, at necropsy after 4 weeks, the anastomotic sites were well healed. The graft sites contained essentially normal colon mucosa.  相似文献   

Holding Power of Orthopedic Screws in Equine Third Metacarpal and Metatarsal Bones: Part II. Adult Horse Bone     

JOHN V. YOVICH BSc  BVMS    A. S. TURNER BVSc  MS  DiplomateACVS  F. W. SMITH BSME  MSME  PhD 《Veterinary surgery : VS》1985,14(3):230-234

Comparison was made of the holding power of 5.5 and 4.5 mm cortical orthopedic screws inserted into third metacarpal and metatarsal cadaver bones from 3- and 8-year-old horses. The tensile strength of these screws was tested mechanically. In nine comparative trials of these screws, 5.5 mm screws pulled out of bone in five trials at an average of 116.0 kg tensile force and broke in four trials at an average of 1383.2 kg. A 4.5 mm screw pulled out of bone at 834.5 kg in one trial, and screws broke at an average of 849.2 kg in eight trials. The larger 5.5 mm screw required a significantly greater (p = 0.022) pullout force than the mean force at 4.5 mm screw breakage. Fixation failure was due to screw breakage or bone shear, with 5.5 mm screws occasionally creating bone fragmentation during pullout. The average tensile breaking strengths of the 5.5 mm screws (1391.4 kg) and 4.5 mm screws (832.7 kg) determined mechanically were similar to forces at screw breakage during pullout testing in bone. Since the 5.5 mm screws have greater holding power and tensile strength than 4.5 mm screws, the use of the 5.5 mm screw in fracture repair in adult horses is recommended.  相似文献   

Annualized diameter and height growth equations for Pacific Northwest plantation-grown Douglas-fir, western hemlock, and red alder   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Aaron R. Weiskittel  Sean M. Garber  Gregory P. Johnson  Douglas A. Maguire  Robert A. Monserud 《Forest Ecology and Management》2007,250(3):266-278

Simulating the influence of intensive management and annual weather fluctuations on tree growth requires a shorter time step than currently employed by most regional growth models. High-quality data sets are available for several plantation species in the Pacific Northwest region of the United States, but the growth periods ranged from 2 to 12 years in length. Measurement periods of varying length complicate efforts to fit growth models because observed growth rates must be interpolated to a common length growth period or those growth periods longer or shorter than the desired model time step must be discarded. A variation of the iterative technique suggested by Cao [Cao, Q.V., 2000. Prediction of annual diameter growth and survival for individual trees from periodic measurements. Forest Sci. 46, 127–131] was applied to estimate annualized diameter and height growth equations for pure plantations of Douglas-fir, western hemlock, and red alder. Using this technique, fits were significantly improved for all three species by embedding a multi-level nonlinear mixed-effects framework (likelihood ratio test: p < 0.0001). The final models were consistent with expected biological behavior of diameter and height growth over tree, stand, and site variables. The random effects showed some correlation with key physiographic variables such as slope and aspect for Douglas-fir and red alder, but these relationships were not observed for western hemlock. Further, the random effects were more correlated with physiographic variables than actual climate or soils information. Long-term simulations (12–16 years) on an independent dataset using these annualized equations showed that the multi-level mixed effects models were more accurate and precise than those fitted without random effects as mean square error (MSE) was reduced by 13 and 21% for diameter and height growth prediction, respectively. The level of prediction error was also smaller than an existing similar growth model with a longer time step (ORGANON v8) as the annualized equations reduced MSE by 17 and 38% for diameter and height growth prediction, respectively. These models will prove to be quite useful for understanding the interaction of weather and silviculture in the Pacific Northwest and refining the precision of future growth model projections.  相似文献   

Variation in crushing strength and some related properties of a red pine     

Fikret Kaya BScFE  MScFE. Ph. D. candidate  Ian Smith BSc.  MSc.  PhD.  PEng.  FIWSc. 《Wood Science and Technology》1993,27(3):229-239

Summary Below-crown radial and height variations in maximum crushing strength parallel to grain, relative density and tracheid length of an immature, 55 year old, red pine were studied. All properties showed pronounced trends with radial age and increased from pith to bark. A radial age of 16 years was estimated as the age from which mature stem wood is formed. All properties studied varied with height above ground. Strong correlations were observed among properties. The study tree exhibited noticeably lower average crushing strength than is reported in the literature for wood from mature red pines.This work was undertaken with financial support from Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey, and the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, Operating Grant 0GP0004417  相似文献   

Combined Rostrolateral Rhinotomy for Removal of Rostral Nasal Septum Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Long‐Term Outcome in 10 Dogs          下载免费PDF全文

Gert Ter Haar DVM  PhD  Diplomate ECVS  Rachel Hampel BSc  BVSc 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2015,44(7):843-851

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Ex Vivo Evaluation of Carpal Flexion After Partial Carpal Arthrodesis in Horses          下载免费PDF全文

Patty J. Tulloch DVM  James D. Johnston PhD  Spencer M. Barber DVM  Diplomate ACVS  Candace L. Gellert BSc  Hayley M. Lang DVM  Luca Panizzi DrMedVet  MVetSc  Diplomate ACVS‐LA 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2015,44(3):386-391

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Changes in adherence to cardiopulmonary resuscitation guidelines in a single referral center from January 2009 to June 2013 and assessment of factors contributing to the observed changes          下载免费PDF全文

Andrea C. Holmes BSc  BVSc  Louise Clark BVMS  DECVAA 《Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care》2015,25(6):801-804

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West Nile virus in North America: perspectives on epidemiology and intervention     

Reisen W  Brault AC 《Pest management science》2007,63(7):641-646

West Nile virus (WNV) invaded New York in 1999 and rapidly swept across the North American continent to the West Coast, north into southern Canada and south into Latin America, with minimal genetic change. Regional epidemics in equines and humans typically have included a year of viral introduction with minimal activity, successful overwintering, explosive amplification to epidemic levels the following year and then rapid subsidence. Overwintering possibly included long-term mosquito or avian infections, continued low-level transmission at southern latitudes and dispersal by south-north migrants. Explosive amplification has been associated with infections in several corvid species and other urban birds that produce elevated viremias capable of efficiently infecting even moderately susceptible mosquito species. Intervention has included mass vaccination of equines, and proactive and reactive mosquito control. Proactive mosquito control in areas with established infrastructure has been successful in reducing case incidence.  相似文献   

An ex vivo evaluation of efficacy of refrigerated canine plasma     

Adam R. Grochowsky DVM  Elizabeth A. Rozanski DVM  DACVECC  DACVIM  Armelle M. de Laforcade DVM  DACVECC  Claire R. Sharp BSc  BVMS  MS  DACVECC  Dawn M. Meola BS  Jessica J. Schavone BS  CVT  Majory B. Brooks DVM  DACVIM 《Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care》2014,24(4):388-397

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