Inguinal Herniation of the Ascending Colon in a 6‐month‐old Standardbred Colt     

EMILY ROBINSON BSc  DVM 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2009,38(8):1012-1013

Objective— To report inguinal herniation of the ascending colon in a Standardbred colt. Study Design— Case report. Animals— A 6‐month‐old Standardbred colt. Methods— The colt underwent surgical exploration of the hernia with large colon resection and anastomosis. Results— A successful large colon resection and anastomosis was completed, however, the colt was euthanatized at the end of surgery upon owner request. Conclusions and Clinical Relevance— Although uncommon, indirect inguinal herniation of the ascending colon can occur in young horses.  相似文献   

A comparison of total calcium,corrected calcium,and ionized calcium concentrations as indicators of calcium homeostasis among hypoalbuminemic dogs requiring intensive care     

Claire R. Sharp BSc  BVMS  Marie E. Kerl DVM  DACVIM  DACVECC  F.A. Mann DVM  MS  DACVS  DACVECC 《Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care》2009,19(6):571-578

Objective – (1) To evaluate whether total calcium (tCa) correlates with ionized calcium (iCa) in hypoalbuminemic dogs; (2) to evaluate whether calcium adjusted for albumin (Alb), or total protein (TP), or both accurately predict iCa concentrations and hence can be used to monitor calcium homeostasis in critically ill hypoalbuminemic dogs; and (3) to evaluate factors associated with any potential discrepancy in calcium classification between corrected total and ionized values. Design – Prospective observational clinical study. Setting – Small animal intensive care unit in a veterinary medical teaching hospital. Animals – Twenty‐eight client‐owned dogs with hypoalbuminemia. Interventions – None. Measurements and Main Results – iCa was determined using ion‐specific electrode methodology, on heparinized plasma. The tCa concentration was adjusted for Alb and TP using published equations. In total 29% (8/28) of the hypoalbuminemic, critically ill dogs in this study were hypocalcemic at intensive care unit admission, as determined by iCa measurement. Corrected calcium values failed to accurately classify calcium status in 67.9% and 64.3% of cases, according to whether the Alb‐adjusted or TP‐adjusted values, respectively, were used. The sensitivity and specificity of the tCa to evaluate hypocalcemia was 100% and 47%, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of the correction formulae were 37.5% and 79% for the Alb‐adjusted values and 37.5% and 74% for TP‐adjusted values. tCa overestimated the presence of hypocalcemia and underestimated the presence of normocalcemia, while corrected calcium values overestimated the presence of normocalcemia and underestimated the presence of hypocalcemia. Conclusions – Calcium homeostasis in hypoalbuminemic critically ill dogs should be evaluated by iCa concentrations rather than tCa or calcium adjusted for Alb or TP. Given that tCa has 100% sensitivity for detecting hypocalcemia in this population it is recommended that all hypoalbuminemic and critically ill patients with low tCa should be evaluated with an iCa measurement.  相似文献   

Antinociceptive, cardiopulmonary, and sedative effects of five intravenous infusion rates of lidocaine in conscious dogs     

Lori M MacDougall DVM    James A Hethey BSc    Alex Livingston† BSc  BVetMed  PhD  Diplomate ECVPT  FRCVS    Christopher Clark‡ BA  VetMB  MVetSc  Diplomate ACVIM    Cindy L Shmon DVM  MVSc  Diplomate ACVS  & Tanya Duke-Novakovski BVetMed  DVA  Diplomate ACVA  Diplomate ECVAA 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2009,36(5):512-522

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Comparison of femoral and auricular arterial blood pressure monitoring in pigs     

Louise ME Bass BSc  BVMS  Member ACVSc    Dao-Yi Yu† MD  PhD  & Len K Cullen BVSc  PhD  Fellow ACVSc  Diplomate ECVAA 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2009,36(5):457-463

Objective To compare arterial blood pressure measurements obtained from the femoral and auricular arteries in anaesthetized pigs. Study design Prospective experimental study. Animals Fifteen female Large White pigs were used weighing 21.3 ± 2.3 kg. Methods The pigs were anaesthetized with tiletamine/zolazepam and xylazine administered intramuscularly, and anaesthesia maintained with isoflurane delivered in oxygen/nitrogen. Arterial oxygen partial pressures were maintained between 11.3 and 13.3 kPa and PaCO₂ between 4.6 and 6.0 kPa. Monitoring included electrocardiogram, capnography and invasive blood pressure. The auricular and femoral arteries were catheterized for continuous systolic (SAP), diastolic (DAP) and mean arterial pressure (MAP) measurements. Measurements were recorded every 15 minutes. Statistical analysis involved a Bland–Altman plot analysis. Results The mean difference ± confidence intervals between the femoral and the auricular arterial diastolic, systolic and mean blood pressure measurements during hypotension were 2 ± 7, 2 ± 5 and 2 ± 5 mmHg respectively. In conditions of normotension mean difference ± confidence intervals, of femoral and auricular arterial blood pressure measurements of diastolic, systolic and mean blood pressure were 4 ± 5, 3 ± 7 and 4 ± 4 mmHg respectively. In conditions of increased arterial blood pressure, mean difference ± confidence intervals, of femoral and auricular arterial blood pressure measurements of diastolic, systolic and mean blood pressure were 4 ± 5, 3 ± 8 and 4 ± 4 mmHg respectively. Conclusion Auricular artery catheterization is easier and quicker to perform. Pressure measurements from the auricular artery compared well with the femoral artery. Clinical relevance We found that auricular arterial blood pressures were similar to femoral arterial values under the conditions of this experiment. We did not test extremes of blood pressure or significant alterations in body temperature.  相似文献   

Formation and spread of aircraft-induced holes in clouds     

Heymsfield AJ  Thompson G  Morrison H  Bansemer A  Rasmussen RM  Minnis P  Wang Z  Zhang D 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2011,333(6038):77-81

Hole-punch and canal clouds have been observed for more than 50 years, but the mechanisms of formation, development, duration, and thus the extent of their effect have largely been ignored. The holes have been associated with inadvertent seeding of clouds with ice particles generated by aircraft, produced through spontaneous freezing of cloud droplets in air cooled as it flows around aircraft propeller tips or over jet aircraft wings. Model simulations indicate that the growth of the ice particles can induce vertical motions with a duration of 1 hour or more, a process that expands the holes and canals in clouds. Global effects are minimal, but regionally near major airports, additional precipitation can be induced.  相似文献   

¹³C NMR guides rational design of nanocatalysts via chemisorption evaluation in liquid phase     

Tedsree K  Chan CW  Jones S  Cuan Q  Li WK  Gong XQ  Tsang SC 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2011,332(6026):224-228

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Use of Handheld Sonar to Locate a Missing Diver     

Owen McGrane  Aaron Cronin  David Hile 《The Forestry Chronicle》2013,24(1):28-31

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Breeding and brewing quality of the Canadian malting barley variety ‘CDC Goldstar’ lacking lipoxygenase-1     

Masahito Nanamori  Yoshiro Tokizono  Takehiro Hoki  Wataru Saito  Ryota Aritomo  Tsutomu Yamaki  Naohiko Hirota  Narushi Suda  Aaron Beattie 《Breeding Science》2021,71(2):277

Various types of malt quality profiles have been investigated to benefit the North American brewing industry. Herein, we report the development and brewing quality of the hulled, two-row malting barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) variety ‘CDC Goldstar’ lacking lipoxygenase-1 (LOX-1-less). This new variety offers a novel malt type for the improvement of beer flavor stability. The agronomic performance of ‘CDC Goldstar’ was tested in the Western Cooperative Two Row Barley Registration Trials during 2013–2014. In addition to high lodging tolerance, the new variety showed 6% higher yield than the current leading variety ‘CDC Copeland’. The malt quality of ‘CDC Goldstar’ showed higher diastatic power and lower wort β-glucan content than ‘CDC Copeland’ and controllable proteolytic modification (soluble nitrogen and Kolbach Index). Pilot- (100 L) and commercial-scale (5,000 L) brewing trials were conducted using ‘CDC PlatinumStar’, another LOX-1-less variety with a low enzymatic profile, as the control variety. Absence of the LOX-1 trait from ‘CDC Goldstar’ maintained trans-2-nonenal levels in aged beers as low as those in other LOX-1-less varieties without affecting major beer parameters, such as ester and aldehyde content or foam stability. The newly developed ‘CDC Goldstar’ malting barley provides added value for the beer industry and consumers.  相似文献   

Structural basis for allosteric regulation of GPCRs by sodium ions     

W Liu  E Chun  AA Thompson  P Chubukov  F Xu  V Katritch  GW Han  CB Roth  LH Heitman  AP IJzerman  V Cherezov  RC Stevens 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2012,337(6091):232-236

Pharmacological responses of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) can be fine-tuned by allosteric modulators. Structural studies of such effects have been limited due to the medium resolution of GPCR structures. We reengineered the human A(2A) adenosine receptor by replacing its third intracellular loop with apocytochrome b(562)RIL and solved the structure at 1.8 angstrom resolution. The high-resolution structure allowed us to identify 57 ordered water molecules inside the receptor comprising three major clusters. The central cluster harbors a putative sodium ion bound to the highly conserved aspartate residue Asp(2.50). Additionally, two cholesterols stabilize the conformation of helix VI, and one of 23 ordered lipids intercalates inside the ligand-binding pocket. These high-resolution details shed light on the potential role of structured water molecules, sodium ions, and lipids/cholesterol in GPCR stabilization and function.  相似文献   

High-resolution climate change mapping with gridded historical climate products     

Colin M. Beier  Stephen A. Signell  Aaron Luttman  Arthur T. DeGaetano 《Landscape Ecology》2012,27(3):327-342

The detection of climate-driven changes in coupled human-natural systems has become a focus of climate research and adaptation efforts around the world. High-resolution gridded historical climate (GHC) products enable analysis of recent climatic changes at the local/regional scales most relevant for research and decision-making, but these fine-scale climate datasets have several caveats. We analyzed two 4 km GHC products to produce high-resolution temperature trend maps for the US Northeast from 1980 to 2009, and compared outputs between products and with an independent climate record. The two products had similar spatial climatologies for mean temperatures, agreed on temporal variability in regionally averaged trends, and agreed that warming has been greater for minimum versus maximum temperatures. Trend maps were highly heterogeneous, i.e., a patchy landscape of warming, cooling and stability that varied by month, but with local-scale anomalies persistent across months (e.g., cooling ‘pockets’ within warming zones). In comparing trend maps between GHC products, we found large local-scale disparities at high elevations and along coastlines; and where weather stations were sparse, a single-station disparity in input data resulted in a large zone of trend map disagreement between products. Preliminary cross-validation with an independent climate record indicated substantial and complex errors for both products. Our analysis provided novel landscape-scale insights on climate change in the US Northeast, but raised questions about scale and sources of uncertainty in high-resolution GHC products and differences among the many products available. Given rapid growth in their use, we recommend exercising caution in the analysis and interpretation of high-resolution climate maps.  相似文献