Sulfur supply and the formation of vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizas by Glomus fasciculatum on subterranean clover     

B.D. Thomson  A.D. Robson  L.K. Abbott 《Soil biology & biochemistry》1985,17(6):877-879

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Phosphorus,soluble carbohydrates and endomycorrhizal infection     

B.I. Same  A.D. Robson  L.K. Abbott 《Soil biology & biochemistry》1983,15(5):593-597

The effect of phosphorus supply on concentrations of soluble carbohydrate within roots and on the development of mycorrhizas on subterranean clover was examined in two glasshouse experiments. Where increasing phosphorus supply decreased the percentage of root length converted to mycorrhizas, it also decreased the concentrations of soluble carbohydrates within roots. Shading, defoliation and low root temperatures also decreased both the percentage of root length infected and concentrations of soluble carbohydrate within roots. The percentage of root length infected was closely correlated with concentrations of soluble carbohydrates within roots irrespective of the treatment used to vary these concentrations.Small additions of phosphorus to severely deficient plants increased the percentage root length infected possibly by stimulating the growth of the mycorrhizal fungus.  相似文献   

Simple Sequence Repeat Markers for Detecting Sources of Tolerance to PTSL Syndrome in Prunus Persica Rootstocks     

Anna V. Blenda  Gregory L. Reighard  William V. Baird  Albert G. Abbott 《Euphytica》2006,147(3):287-295

Summary Peach tree short life (PTSL) is a severe and complex disease syndrome in the Southeast of the United States that causes significant damage to peach orchards and affects more than 70% of the peach acreage in the region. The ring nematode is known to be one of the major factors strongly associated with the PTSL syndrome. A peach rootstock (Guardian^? Brand BY520-9, also referred to as Guardian^? or BY520-9), which is tolerant to ring nematode and PTSL, was released in 1994. To investigate the genetic relatedness of PTSL tolerant genotypes and identify possible parents of Guardian^? selections as sources of the PTSL tolerance trait, 98 genotypes derived from the BY520-9 pedigree, and others showing different degrees of field resistance or susceptibility to PTSL, were selected for simple sequence repeat analysis. Nineteen of 32 microsatellite loci were polymorphic. Allele number averaged 2.7 per locus with heterozygosity levels ranging from 0.07 to 0.60. Cluster analysis of these genotypes produced a dendrogram in agreement with their putative pedigrees. Thirty-eight F₄ genotypes from Guardian pedigree were used for the parental identification analyses. Of those, nine most likely parental genotypes were identified for 10 field tested F₅ genotypes produced from open-pollinated selections of BY520-9.  相似文献   

Removal of tick controls for animals entering the UK     

Abbott EM  Arthur J  Elsheikha H  Fisher MA  Judson A  McGarry JW  Morgan ER 《The Veterinary record》2011,169(15):394

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Evolutionarily conserved T-cell epitopes on FIV for designing an HIV/AIDS vaccine     

Abbott JR  Sanou MP  Coleman JK  Yamamoto JK 《Veterinary immunology and immunopathology》2011,143(3-4):246-254

This review will discuss the current state of the human HIV-1 vaccine trials including the safety consideration of vaccine composition and difficulties in determining and defining protective immunity and epitopes to HIV-1. Vaccines in animal models of lentivirus infection are compared. In particular, the findings from the prototype FIV vaccine and the HIV-1 protein immunizations studies in cats are discussed, as well as the resulting research regarding a potential HIV-1 vaccine design based on evolutionarily conserved T-cell epitopes.  相似文献   

Prenatal development of the adrenal gland in the one-humped camel (Camelus dromedarius)     

El-Nahla SM  Imam HM  Moussa EA  Elsayed AK  Abbott LC 《Anatomia, histologia, embryologia》2011,40(3):169-186

With 14 figures and 3 tables SUMMARY: Each adrenal gland consisted of cortex and medulla that developed from different embryological origins and presented different cellular organization. One hundred male or female camel embryos or fetuses with crown vertebral rump lengths (CVRL) that ranged from 0.8 to 117 cm were examined. The adrenal cortex, which is derived from intermediate mesoderm, was first observed in the 0.8-cm CVRL camel embryo. The adrenal cortex initially was combined with the gonad as a thickened region of proliferating cells derived from splanchnic intermediate mesoderm. Adrenocortical tissue was first separated from the gonadal tissue in the 2-cm CVRL camel fetus and was observed as a separate dorso-medial mass of cells. At 2.5-cm CVRL, the adrenocortical tissue was surrounded by a capsule of undifferentiated mesenchymal cells, except at its proximal pole, where an invagination was located through which chromaffinoblast cells entered the cortex. The chromaffinoblast cells migrated from the neural crest to form the medulla of the developing adrenal gland. In the 3.5-cm CVRL camel fetus, the adrenocortical cells differentiated into two layers: the inner fetal cortex and the outer definitive cortex. As development proceeded, the fetal cortex degenerated and the definitive cortex formed the zona glomerulosa and zona fasciculata. The zona reticularis did not form until the end of gestation. During prenatal life, the adrenal medulla was much thicker than the cortex.  相似文献   

Association between skin surface pH, temperature and Staphylococcus pseudintermedius in dogs with immunomodulatory-responsive lymphocytic-plasmacytic pododermatitis     

Breathnach RM  Quinn PJ  Baker KP  McGeady T  Strobl E  Abbott Y  Jones BR 《Veterinary dermatology》2011,22(4):312-318

Secondary bacterial infection is a frequent complication in lesional skin of dogs with immunomodulatory‐responsive lymphocytic–plasmacytic pododermatitis (ImR‐LPP). However, the influence of skin pH and temperature in determining the composition of the cutaneous microflora at lesional sites has not been investigated. The association between ImR‐LPP and pedal skin temperature, pH and Staphylococcus pseudintermedius isolates was thus evaluated. Temperature and pH were measured in 20 dogs with ImR‐LPP and in 30 clinically healthy control dogs, and S. pseudintermedius was cultured from interdigital and palmoplantar swabs in both groups and scored semi‐quantitatively for bacterial growth. In the ImR‐LPP group, mean skin pH was slightly, but significantly, higher at both interdigital and palmoplantar sites. Staphylococcus pseudintermedius was isolated more frequently, and scores for bacterial growth were also significantly higher. However, mean skin temperatures were not significantly different from those in the control group. The isolation of S. pseudintermedius was significantly associated with ImR‐LPP, with the single exception of isolates on Columbia blood agar from the palmoplantar region. However, pH and temperature were not significantly associated with the disease, and were not associated with the isolation of S. pseudintermedius at most sites sampled. Staphylococcus pseudintermedius was not isolated from all feet sampled in dogs with ImR‐LPP. Taken together, these data would suggest that S. pseudintermedius infection is most likely to be a secondary phenomenon in dogs with ImR‐LPP, and that changes in skin pH and temperature are not significant risk factors for this disease.  相似文献   

Reply     

LC LLOYD 《Australian veterinary journal》2002,80(3):168-169

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Cenozoic paleosols San Diego area,California     

Patrick L. Abbott 《CATENA》1981,8(1):223-237

Ancient weathering profiles provide mute evidence of the major climatic regimes that operated in the southern California area during the Cenozoic Era. A tropical climate during part of the Paleocene and Early Eocene caused severe weathering of Jurassic andesitic rocks, Cretaceous granitic rocks and Late Cretaceous and Early Eocene terrigenous rocks. Erosional remnants of this paleosol exist as buried soils up to 30 meters thick and as exhumed soils on some modern hills. The main weathering horizon is overwhelmingly composed of kaolinite with residual quartz grains and minor amounts of iron oxides. This tropical climate was in effect at 35° to 40° north latitude.Late Eocene sedimentary rocks were deposited under a semi-arid climate with 50 to 60 cm of annual rainfall that was concentrated during one season. This interpretation is based on: 1) the dominance of conglomerate and immature sandstone in the Upper Eocene section compared to the relative scarcity of claystone, 2) the immaturity of the clay mineral suite which is dominated by smectite and vermiculite, 3) the presence of fractured clasts presumably split by growth and differential expansion of salts, 4) the multiple caliche beds that individually are up to one meter thick, and 5) the paleohydrology of the fluvial deposits which transported rhyolite gravels over 300 km distance from an eastern bedrock source about 4,000 m high in a river of 1.3 sinuosity with 100 year flood discharges up to 30,000 m³/sec.The extensive marine terraces in San Diego are mantled by relict soils that record composite weathering characteristics from glacial and interglacial climates from Late Pliocene to present. Maximal development of the paleosol includes an ironstone concretion layer (B_ir horizon) above an illuvial clay layer (B_t horizon) which rests on an iron- and silicacemented hardpan (C_m horizon).  相似文献   

Training in animal handling for veterinary students at Charles Sturt University, Australia     

Austin HE  Hyams JH  Abbott KA 《Journal of veterinary medical education》2007,34(5):566-575

Charles Sturt University in New South Wales, Australia, is responding to a national need for veterinarians with the skills and attributes to fulfill roles in rural practice and the large-animal industries. Rural practitioners must competently and confidently handle a range of large animals if they are to build a relationship of mutual trust with clients and deliver effective animal-health services. Training in animal handling begins in the first year of the course with highly structured small-group practical classes involving cattle, horses, sheep, dogs, cats, pigs, poultry, and laboratory animals (rats and mice). Other experiences with animals in the first three years build on basic animal-handling skills while performing other veterinary activities. Students who provide documented evidence of prior animal-handling experiences are admitted, and learning and teaching strategies aim to enhance skills and knowledge. Rigorous examinations use a competency-based approach prior to extramural placements on farms and in veterinary practices. A continuing process of evaluation, review, and refinement will ensure continual improvement and graduate veterinarians with strong skills in animal handling.  相似文献