Effects of Chloroformic Extracts from Washed and Unwashed Papaya Seeds (Carica papaya) on the Sperm Concentration of Dogs     

A Ortega‐Pacheco  M Jiménez‐Coello  E Gutiérrez‐Blanco  KY Acosta‐Viana  E Guzmán‐Marín  MA Zavala‐Sánchez  NE Montalvo‐Beltrán  MS Pérez‐Gutiérrez 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2010,45(6):1126-1129

Papaya seeds (Carica papaya Linn) have been found to have a significant effect on sperm characteristics in some mammals, including humans, but no studies have investigated the effects on dogs. In the present study, a significant decrease in sperm concentration was observed in a group of dogs treated with extracts from washed papaya seeds, but no decrease was observed in the group of dogs treated with non‐washed seeds. An important effect of extract components from washed seeds such as fatty acids is probably involved in the reduction of sperm production because of Sertoli cell damage, as has been suggested for langur monkeys. Dilution of the active components in the non‐washed papaya seeds or interference with some of the components may reduce the expected effect on spermatogenesis. This first report on the effects of a chloroformic extract of papaya seeds in dogs suggests that an increased dose is necessary to achieve azoospermia.  相似文献   

Leukotrienes Affect Secretory Function of Ovarian Cells In Vitro*     

AJ Korzekwa  TJ Acosta  M Miklewicz  K Okuda  SH Lee  DJ Skarzynski 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2010,45(6):e288-e296

The aim of this study was to determine which cells are the source of production and target for leukotriene (LTs) action within the bovine ovary. Luteal (CL, days 14–16 of the oestrous cycle), steroidogenic cells (LSC) and endothelial cells (LEC) of the bovine corpus luteum (CL), and granulosa cells (GC) were isolated enzymatically, cultured in a monolayer and incubated with LTC₄, LTB₄, Azelastine (an antagonist of LTC₄) or Dapsone (an antagonist of LTB₄). Then cells were collected for determination of mRNA expression for LT receptors (LTRs) and 5‐lipoxygenase (5‐LO) by real time RT‐PCR, and media were collected for determination of prostaglandin (PG)E₂, F_2α, progesterone (P4; LSC only), endothelin‐1 (ET‐1; LEC only) and 17‐β oestradiol (E2; GC only). The greatest mRNA expression for LTR‐II and 5‐LO were found in LEC, whereas LTR‐I mRNA expression did not differ among cell types. The level of PGE₂ increased after LTs treatment in each type of ovarian cell, excluding LTC₄ treatment in LEC. The secretion of PGF_2α was also increased by LTs, but decreased after LTB₄ treatment of LSC. In GC cultures, both LTs stimulated E2 secretion; in LEC cultures, LTB₄ stimulated whereas LTC₄ inhibited P4 secretion; in LEC cultures, LTC₄ stimulated but LTB₄ inhibited ET‐1 secretion. The results show that LTs are produced locally and are involved in PGs production/secretion in all examined cells (LSC, LEC and GC) of bovine ovary. Leukotriene treatment modulate secretion of E2, by GC, P4 by LSC and ET‐1 by LEC, which indicates that LTs are involved in regulation of ovarian secretory functions.  相似文献   

Digit innervation of the thoracic limb of Criollo horses: Anatomical description and consequences to perineural blocks     

Bruno Belmonte Silveira  Erick Candiota Souza  Matheus Damasceno Nunes dos Santos  Marcelo Lameiro Porciuncula  Marcos da Silva Azevedo  Claudia Acosta Duarte  Amarílis Díaz de Carvalho  Paulo de Souza Junior 《Anatomia, histologia, embryologia》2020,49(6):728-736

Criollo horse breeding is an important economic activity in South America. Because of their athletic performance, these animals tend to show great incidence of musculoskeletal disorders, many of them diagnosed by means of perineural blocks. However, incorrect interpretation of these blocks may be due to anatomical differences in nerve distribution. The objective of this study was to describe the innervation of the digit region of thoracic limbs in Criollo horses, in order to improve the interpretation of tests for claudication diagnosis based on nerve block. Thirty thoracic limbs from Criollo horses were dissected. It could be observed that in 90% of the limbs, dorsal branches of the palmar nerve originated proximally to the proximal sesamoid bone. In 93% of the cases, the palmar digital nerve and the dorsal branches communicated; in 87% of the cases, communication between branches of the dorsal branch was observed; and in 27% (8/30) of the limbs, the palmar metacarpal nerve and the dorsal branch presented communications. None of the specimens showed complete symmetry in the distribution of nerves in contralateral limbs. The high frequency of communication between the nerves may be a particularity of the Criollo breed that may interfere with the interpretation of perineural blocks. Based on the anatomical position, it may be inferred that divergent results in Criollo horses may occur when abaxial sesamoid nerve block is used. Palmar digital nerve block may be less influenced by these variations, provided it is performed as distal as possible from the ungular cartilage.  相似文献   

In vitro antimicrobial activity of different accessions ofSolanum commersonii Dun. from Uruguay     

M. I. Siri  P. Villanueva  M. J. Pianzzola  L. Franco Fraguas  G. Galván  M. Acosta  F. Ferreira 《Potato Research》2004,47(3-4):127-138

Summary The in vitro antimicrobial activity of extracts from accessions ofSolanum commersonii Dun. collected in the south of Uruguay was investigated against five microorganisms including the pathogenRalstonia solanacearum. A total of 30 extracts corresponding to organic and aqueous extracts were studied. Interestingly, most of the positive results for growth inhibition were againstR. solanacearum. The extracts were also analyzed for the presence of glycoalkaloids and lectins. Six of the ten aqueous extracts showed lectin presence and a wide variation in the type and amounts of glycoalkaloids, was found. Results indicate that there is no clear relationship between the antimicrobial activity against the five microorganisms screened and the presence or amounts of lectins and glycoalkaloids, traditionally regarded as possible antimicrobial metabolites in theSolanum genus, which indicates the presence of as yet unidentified antimicrobial compounds.  相似文献   

用农业废料制成的优质刨花板和中密度纤维板     

Daproma System AB 《林产工业》2000,27(3):44-45

全球农民每年都会面对一项挑战——在不致造成生态问题或额外开支的情况下,清除农田上过量的谷物残余物。 以在农田焚烧的方式来清除麦秸稻草的惯例在许多地方均引起关注。这是由于焚烧麦秸对泥土和环境均有损害,且会导致健康和交通问题。 小麦、大麦、稻谷、玉米和蔗渣等残余物的价值基本上均微不足道。Ｄａｐｒｏｍａ可以将这些废料纤维转化成一种制造工业用优质刨花板和中密度纤维板的主要原材料。 一家装备Ｄａｐｒｏｍａ设备的工厂可将一年生植物废料加工成作家具和柜子用的板材。而由于农业废料的成本远较木纤维的成本低,农业残余…  相似文献   

Evaluation of a fibrate,specific stimulant of PPARα, as a therapeutic alternative to the treatment of clinical ovine pregnancy toxaemia          下载免费PDF全文

S. Da Silva  L. G. Cal‐Pereyra  A. Benech  J. Acosta‐Dibarrat  M. J. Martin  M. C. Abreu  S. Perini  J. R. González‐Montaña 《Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics》2016,39(5):497-503

Ovine pregnancy toxaemia is a metabolic disorder affecting sheep in their last 6 weeks of pregnancy as a result of their inability to maintain adequate energy homoeostasis. Different alternative treatments are available with variable results. The aim of this research was to evaluate a peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor alpha (PPARα) stimulant as an alternative to treat clinical pregnancy toxaemia. Thirty‐three adult sheep, with known gestation date and carrying a single foetus, were fasted from day 130 of gestation until animals showed clinical disease. From that moment onwards, sheep were treated during 6 days with three different therapeutic alternatives: 10 mg/kg of 2‐methyl‐2‐phenoxy‐propionic acid; 10 mg/kg of 2‐methyl‐2‐phenoxy‐propionic acid + 100 mL of propylene glycol oral; or 100 mL of propylene glycol oral. Glycaemia and serum β‐hydroxybutyrate (BHOB) were determined daily. Liver biopsies were taken at day 130 of gestation, at the beginning and end of treatments and at 5 days postpartum, evaluating the extent and degree of the steatosis lesion. Even though in sheep treated with 2‐methyl‐2‐phenoxy‐propionic acid, serum concentrations of glucose and BHOB recovered more slowly, we conclude that 2‐methyl‐2‐phenoxy‐propionic acid alone or combined with propylene glycol can be used as an alternative to effectively treat fatty liver, and therefore pregnancy toxaemia.  相似文献   

Detection of HEV in naturally infected swine from central Argentina by an optimized HEV/MS2 duplex RT‐qPCR     

Federico Marziali  Julian Acosta  Elisa Bolatti  Santiago Mirazo  Patricia Skejich  Patricia Silva  Julie Brassard  Alejandro Costaguta  Daniela Gardiol  Ana Laura Cavatorta 《Zoonoses and public health》2019,66(7):729-738

Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is currently considered as a global health concern due to the recognition of its zoonotic transmission to humans, mainly from swine, and its association with the development of severe cases of hepatitis in human risk populations. The lack of updated data on HEV state of infection in swineherds of Argentina, and the necessity of robust technologies for its detection in complex biological samples, positions HEV as an emerging issue in public health. Here, we have optimized a RT‐qPCR with internal control for a more precise and accurate HEV RNA detection in swine stool samples. We implemented this optimized molecular tool to analyse the current epidemiological scenario of HEV infection in swine from the core region of commercial activity of Argentina. A total of 135 stool samples were collected from 16 different farms and tested for HEV presence, resulting in 11 positive cases (8.1%). Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that all of them correspond to HEV genotype 3 and that different subtypes circulate in the region. Moreover, two of the detected strains presented a high nucleotide similarity with a previously identified isolate from human sewage discharges, suggesting the zoonotic transmission of HEV to humans. Collectively, this work provides a better understanding of HEV epidemiology in Argentina while contributes to the improvement of HEV detection technologies.  相似文献   

Effect of oestrous synchrony between embryo donors and recipients,embryo quality and state on the pregnancy rate in beef cattle          下载免费PDF全文

MCC Rodrigues  ALM Bonotto  DAV Acosta  AA Boligon  MN Corrêa  CC Brauner 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2018,53(1):152-156

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of oestrous synchrony between donors and recipients and the embryo quality on the pregnancy rate in beef cow recipients. The experiment was performed over two years at an embryo transfer (ET ) centre in Southern Brazil. Ninety Aberdeen Angus cows were subjected to superovulation (SOV ) protocols, resulting in the recovery of 1,048 transferable embryos. Eleven groups were formed with intervals of 6 hr, from ?30 to +30 hr, with respect to recipient versus donor oestrous detection. Evaluation of embryo quality was according to the IETS guidelines. The overall pregnancy rate was 52%. Effects related to donor and recipient oestrous synchronization on pregnancy rate were observed (p  =  .01), ranging from 36% to 50%. The embryo quality rate affected the pregnancy rate, where Grade I resulted in 57% and Grade III in 43% of pregnancy (p  <  .001). The embryonic state (frozen or fresh) showed no (p  >  .05) effect on pregnancy rate: 53% for fresh embryos and 44% for frozen embryos. The odds ratio for explanatory variables causing pregnancy indicated that Grade III embryos had 31% less chance of conception compared to Grade I. Thus, oestrous synchrony between donor and recipient, considering ±30 hr apart, can affect the pregnancy rate along with embryo quality.  相似文献   

Egg size and its relationship with fecundity,newborn length and female size in Cuban poeciliid fishes (Teleostei: Cyprinodontiformes)     

José L. Ponce de León  Rodet Rodríguez  Martín Acosta  Mari C. Uribe 《Ecology of Freshwater Fish》2011,20(2):243-250

Abstract – This study describes the relationship between egg size (ES) and brood size (BS), newborn length (NL) and female total length (FTL) in ten species of Cuban poeciliids. Variability and the level of association among variables are analysed and comparisons of ES among species established. Egg size has the lowest variability among the analysed variables and in most species is not correlated with BS, when the effect of FTL is controlled. Cuban poeciliids, thought to be primarily lecithotrophic, can be separated in two groups according to ES, NL and BS relative to FTL. One such group inhabits mountain streams and produces large eggs and small broods. The other group is distributed in lowland wetlands and produces small eggs and large broods. In Cuban poeciliids, ES and NL are highly correlated, which suggests adaptive value for ES.  相似文献   

Effect of the dominant follicle aspiration before or after luteinizing hormone surge on the corpus luteum formation in the cow     

Hayashi KG  Matsui M  Acosta TJ  Kida K  Miyamoto A 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2006,52(1):129-135

Luteinizing hormone (LH) surge and follicle rupture act as trigger to start corpus luteum (CL) formation. Thus, we aimed to investigate whether a dominant follicle that has not been exposed to an LH surge can become a functional CL. For this purpose, follicular fluid from the dominant follicles (DF) of cows was aspirated before or after a GnRH-induced LH surge, and subsequent CL formation was observed. Holstein cows were divided into four groups as follows: Luteal phase, a DF was aspirated 7 days after GnRH injection; Pre-LH surge, a DF was aspirated 42 h after PGF(2alpha) injection during the mid luteal phase; Post-LH surge, a DF was aspirated 24 h after GnRH injection following PGF(2alpha); and Intact follicle, ovulation was induced by GnRH injection after PGF(2alpha). Observation of morphological changes in the aspirated follicle using color Doppler ultrasonography and blood sampling was performed on Days 0, 3, 6, and 9 (Day 0 = follicle aspiration). CL formation following DF aspiration was observed only in the Post-LH surge group. In both the Luteal phase and Pre-LH surge groups, however, none of the cows showed local blood flow at the aspirated site or CL formation. Luteal blood flow area, CL volume, and plasma progesterone concentration in the Post-LH surge group were no different from those in the Intact follicle group. The present results clearly demonstrate that rather than follicle rupture, it is the LH surge that is essential for CL formation in cows.  相似文献