Factors associated with survival and racing performance of 114 Thoroughbred foals with septic arthritis compared with maternal siblings (2009-2015)     

Thomas J. O’Brien  Sarah M. Rosanowski  Keith D. Mitchell  Joan B. Carrick  Troy D. Butt  Angus R. Adkins 《Equine veterinary journal》2021,53(5):935-943

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Obstipation in pet pigs: 24 cases     

Kallie J. Hobbs  SallyAnne L. DeNotta  Aitor Gallastegui  George L. Elane  Luis A. Rivero  Pamela Adkins  Diego E. Gomez 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》2021,62(8):843

Clinical features and patient outcomes for pet pigs with obstipation are poorly defined. This retrospective study reports the clinical findings from 24 pet (non-production) pigs with obstipation presented to 2 veterinary teaching hospitals. Clinical features of obstipated pet pigs included anorexia or hyporexia in 24 pigs (100%), pain on abdominal palpation in 22 (90%), lethargy in 21 (88%), tachypnea in 19 (79%), vomiting in 14 (58%), and tachycardia in 13 (54%). Frequently observed hematologic and biochemical abnormalities included leukopenia in 36% (8/22) of the pigs, lymphopenia in 75% (17/22), toxic changes in neutrophils in 63% (14/22), hypokalemia in 50% (9/18), and hypoglycemia in 28% (5/18). Diagnostic imaging via radiography and/or computed tomography frequently identified gastric distention and accumulation of ingesta and gas throughout the gastrointestinal tract. Medical treatments included fluid therapy, anti-emetics, oral administration of carbonated beverages, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and systemic antimicrobials. Surgical intervention was performed in 7/29% of pigs. In this study, obstipation in pet pigs carried a fair to favorable prognosis for survival, with 70% of patients surviving to discharge.  相似文献   

Glyphosate-tolerant cotton in Australia: successes and failures     

Nadeem Iqbal  Sudheesh Manalil  Bhagirath S. Chauhan  Steve W. Adkins 《Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science》2013,59(11):1536-1553

ABSTRACT

Cotton is an important cash crop grown on 2.5% of the world’s arable land in over 100 countries, and has a 31% share of the world’s fibre market. In Australia, cotton is also a leading crop and contributes around AUD $3 billion to the total agricultural production. Weeds are a major biotic constraint resulting in yield losses of up to 90% and revenue losses of around AUD $100 billion globally and $4 billion to Australian agriculture. Genetically-modified (GM) crops have refashioned the weed management with more dependency on glyphosate. Such overreliance has led to the evolution of 43 glyphosate-resistant (GR) weed populations globally, with 16 species reported from Australia. Such GR weeds along with volunteer glyphosate-tolerant (GT) plants are now decreasing the value of the GM crops and forcing growers to spend more time and effort, and investment in their management. Weed management strategies need to be diversified and integrated with non-chemical methods and alternative herbicides not only to achieve efficient control, but to reduce the rate of evolution of GR weeds. In future, research is needed to improve integrated weed management through development and use of competitive and multiple herbicide-tolerant (HT) crops, organic herbicides, bio-herbicides, RNAi technology and robotics.  相似文献   

Weed–pathogen interactions and elevated CO2: growth changes in favour of the biological control agent     

A Shabbir  K Dhileepan  N Khan  S W Adkins 《Weed Research》2014,54(3):217-222

In this study, we used Parthenium hysterophorus and one of its biological control agents, the winter rust (Puccinia abrupta var. partheniicola) as a model system to investigate how the weed may respond to infection under a climate change scenario involving an elevated atmospheric CO₂ (550 μmol mol^?1) concentration. Under such a scenario, P. hysterophorus plants grew significantly taller (52%) and produced more biomass (55%) than under the ambient atmospheric CO₂ concentration (380 μmol mol^?1). Following winter rust infection, biomass production was reduced by 17% under the ambient and by 30% under the elevated atmospheric CO₂ concentration. The production of branches and leaf area was significantly increased by 62% and 120%, under the elevated as compared with ambient CO₂ concentration, but unaffected by rust infection under either condition. The photosynthesis and water use efficiency (WUE) of P. hysterophorus plants were increased by 94% and 400%, under the elevated as compared with the ambient atmospheric CO₂ concentration. However, in the rust‐infected plants, the photosynthesis and WUE decreased by 18% and 28%, respectively, under the elevated CO₂ and were unaffected by the ambient atmospheric CO₂ concentration. The results suggest that although P. hysterophorus will benefit from a future climate involving an elevation of the atmospheric CO₂ concentration, it is also likely that the winter rust will perform more effectively as a biological control agent under these same conditions.  相似文献   

Seed biology of Mikania micrantha in Viti Levu,Fiji          下载免费PDF全文

A R Macanawai  M D Day  S W Adkins 《Weed Research》2018,58(3):229-238

Mikania micrantha (mile‐a‐minute) reproduces both by seed and vegetatively. A study to determine the possible pollinators, seed production rates, temperature and salinity limitations to germination and its seedbank size and persistence was conducted in Viti Levu, Fiji. Representatives of the Diptera had the greatest percentage of all floral visits (38%), followed by Hymenoptera (34%) and Lepidoptera (27%), while the honeybee was the most recurring visitor (18% of all visits). Flower heads (capitula) within the inflorescence commonly formed four viable seeds, resulting in 60 820 filled seed being produced per m². However, the seedbanks formed were not massive (600 seed m^?2) and they were moderately persistent (T₅₀: 1–3 years). Seed germination from both high and moderate rainfall regions occurred rapidly, under a wide range of temperature regimes, with no primary dormancy being observed. This study indicates that the seed reproductive success of M. micrantha in the two rainfall regions of Fiji is due to a number of factors, including the production of large numbers of flowers, successful pollination by local insects and the subsequent production of a large number of viable seeds. These seeds have high viability, no dormancy and are capable of forming small‐to‐medium seedbanks that are moderately long‐lived. In addition, seeds can germinate under a wide range of temperature and salinity conditions. This knowledge on seed production, biology, longevity and salt tolerance is vital in the development of management plans of M. micrantha in Fiji.  相似文献   

Toxic anterior segment syndrome and are we missing it?     

Kathern E Myrna  Simon Pot  Ellison Bentley  Elizabeth Adkins  Paul Miller  Chris Murphy 《Veterinary ophthalmology》2009,12(2):138-138

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Seed dormancy mechanisms in warm season grass species   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

Steve W. Adkins  Sean M. Bellairs  Don S. Loch 《Euphytica》2002,126(1):13-20

Embryogenic protoplasts of Dancy tangerine (Citrus reticulata Blanco) were X-ray irradiated at three doses and electrofused with iodoacetic acid-treated embryogenic protoplasts of Page tangelo (C. reticulata Blanco × C. paradisi Macf.). Shoots could regenerate only from the fusion combination with the lowest irradiation dose, but were recalcitrant to rooting. In vitro grafting was applied to obtain complete plants. Chromosome examination showed that the plants contained mainly diploid and aneuploid cells, together with few tetraploid cells, indicating that they were mixoploids. Random amplified polymorphic DNA analyses with 10-mer arbitrary primers confirmed the plants as true somatic hybrids. This is the first report on regeneration of mixoploid hybrid plants via protoplast asymmetric fusion in Citrus. Negative effects of ionizing irradiation on regeneration of embryoids and plantlets and possible agronomic interest of the mixoploid plants are also discussed. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

Systemic coccidioidomycosis in a llama cria native to Missouri     

Brett M. Havis  Kelsey E. Walker  Pamela R. F. Adkins  Zhenyu Shen  John R. Middleton  Tamara Gull  Dusty Nagy  Dae Young Kim 《Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation》2021,33(3):587

A 3-mo-old male llama was examined because of a 4-wk history of lethargy and ill thrift. Clinical examination revealed subcutaneous masses in the left prescapular and right inguinal regions, mild ataxia, a slight head tilt to the right, and right ear droop. The cria died before clinical workup was complete. At autopsy, there was generalized lymphadenomegaly, a hepatic nodule, a midbrain mass causing rostral compression of the cerebellum, and internal hydrocephalus. Microscopic findings included pyogranulomatous lymphadenitis, meningoencephalitis, hepatitis, and bronchopneumonia. Intralesional fungal spherules, most consistent with Coccidioides spp., were identified in the lymph nodes, lung, and brain. Fungal culture, single-nucleotide variation genotyping real-time PCR, and DNA sequencing confirmed Coccidioides posadasii. The dam of the cria was native to Arizona and had been moved to Missouri ~2.5 y previously. Agar gel immunodiffusion assay of the herd revealed that only the dam was positive for Coccidioides spp.; 6 herdmates were negative. Computed tomography of the dam revealed multiple nodules within the lungs and liver, which were presumed to be an active coccidioidomycosis infection. This case of systemic coccidioidomycosis in a llama native to Missouri was presumably acquired by vertical transmission from the dam.  相似文献   

Ocean science. Deep ocean overturning--then and now     

Adkins JF  Pasquero C 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2004,306(5699):1143-1144

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Radiocarbon variability in the western North Atlantic during the last deglaciation     

Robinson LF  Adkins JF  Keigwin LD  Southon J  Fernandez DP  Wang SL  Scheirer DS 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2005,310(5753):1469-1473

We present a detailed history of glacial to Holocene radiocarbon in the deep western North Atlantic from deep-sea corals and paired benthic-planktonic foraminifera. The deglaciation is marked by switches between radiocarbon-enriched and -depleted waters, leading to large radiocarbon gradients in the water column. These changes played an important role in modulating atmospheric radiocarbon. The deep-ocean record supports the notion of a bipolar seesaw with increased Northern-source deep-water formation linked to Northern Hemisphere warming and the reverse. In contrast, the more frequent radiocarbon variations in the intermediate/deep ocean are associated with roughly synchronous changes at the poles.  相似文献