Application of cryoprobe 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and multivariate analysis for the verification of corsican honey     

Donarski JA  Jones SA  Charlton AJ 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2008,56(14):5451-5456

Proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy ((1)H NMR) and multivariate analysis techniques have been used to classify honey into two groups by geographical origin. Honey from Corsica (Miel de Corse) was used as an example of a protected designation of origin product. Mathematical models were constructed to determine the feasibility of distinguishing between honey from Corsica and that from other geographical locations in Europe, using (1)H NMR spectroscopy. Honey from 10 different regions within five countries was analyzed. (1)H NMR spectra were used as input variables for projection to latent structures (PLS) followed by linear discriminant analysis (LDA) and genetic programming (GP). Models were generated using three methods, PLS-LDA, two-stage GP, and a combination of PLS and GP (PLS-GP). The PLS-GP model used variables selected by PLS for subsequent GP calculations. All models were generated using Venetian blind cross-validation. Overall classification rates for the discrimination of Corsican and non-Corsican honey of 75.8, 94.5, and 96.2% were determined using PLS-LDA, two-stage GP, and PLS-GP, respectively. The variables utilized by PLS-GP were related to their (1)H NMR chemical shifts, and this led to the identification of trigonelline in honey for the first time.  相似文献   

Assessment of the long‐acting ivermectin formulation in sheep: Further insight into potential pharmacokinetic interactions     

Mariana Ballent  Maria Laura Mat  Paula Dominguez  Guillermo Virkel  Melanie Albrich  Anne Lespine  Carlos Lanusse  Adrian Luis Lifschitz 《Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics》2019,42(2):189-196

The aim of the current study was to evaluate the in vivo pharmacokinetic of ivermectin (IVM) after the administration of a long‐acting (LA) formulation to sheep and its impact on potential drug‐drug interactions. The work included the evaluation of the comparative plasma profiles of IVM administered at a single therapeutic dose (200 μg/kg) and as LA formulation at 630 μg/kg. Additionally, IVM was measured in different gastrointestinal tissues at 15 days posttreatment with both IVM formulations. The impact of the long‐lasting and enhanced IVM exposure on the disposition kinetics of abamectin (ABM) was also assessed. Plasma (IVM and ABM) and gastrointestinal (IVM) concentrations were analyzed by HPLC with fluorescent detection. In plasma, the calculated C_max and AUC_0‐t values of the IVM‐LA formulation were 1.47‐ and 3.35‐fold higher compared with IVM 1% formulation, respectively. The T_1/2ab and T_max collected after administration of the LA formulation were 2‐ and 3.5‐fold longer than those observed after administration of IVM 1% formulation, respectively. Significantly higher IVM concentrations were measured in the intestine mucosal tissues and luminal contents with the LA formulation, and in the liver, the increase was 7‐fold higher than conventional formulation. There was no drug interaction between IVM and ABM after the single administration of ABM at 15 days post‐administration of the IVM LA formulation. The characterization of the kinetic behavior of the LA formulation to sheep and its potential influence on drug‐drug interactions is a further contribution to the field.  相似文献   

Gait and electromyographic alterations due to early onset of injury and eventual rupture of the cranial cruciate ligament in dogs: A pilot study     

Caroline P. Adrian  Kevin K. Haussler  Christopher E. Kawcak  Raoul F. Reiser  Cheryl Riegger‐Krugh  Ross H. Palmer  C. Wayne McIlwraith  Robert A. Taylor 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2019,48(3):388-400

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Factors associated with disease progression in dogs with presumed preclinical degenerative mitral valve disease attending primary care veterinary practices in the United Kingdom     

Madeleine J. Mattin  David C. Brodbelt  David B. Church  Adrian Boswood 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2019,33(2):445-454

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Application of different pharmacokinetic models to describe and predict pharmacokinetics of voriconazole in magellanic penguins following oral administration     

Ruth A. Parsley  Adrian G. Mutlow  Jacqueline Hansted  Femke J. Taverne  Lisa A. Tell  Ronette Gehring 《Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics》2019,42(1):74-84

Aspergillosis is a condition causing serious morbidity and mortality in captive penguins and other bird species. It can be treated with antifungal drugs, such as voriconazole. However, the pharmacokinetics of voriconazole are variable between different animal and bird species. Therefore, the pharmacokinetics of voriconazole were investigated in this study in Magellanic penguins. Pharmacokinetic models were constructed and applied to predict the pharmacokinetics of voriconazole during long‐term treatment in Magellanic penguins, since the voriconazole treatment duration in chronic aspergillosis cases can last up to several months. Plasma voriconazole concentration–time data from adult Magellanic penguins (Spheniscus magellanicus; n = 15) following a single oral (PO) dose of either 2.5 mg/kg or 5 mg/kg in a herring in three separate study periods 7–12 months apart were collected. Mean plasma voriconazole concentrations were above the targeted MIC for Aspergillus fumigatus for 2 hr following a single 2.5 mg/kg voriconazole dose while the plasma concentrations exceeded the MIC for least 24 hr following a 5 mg/kg dose. Nonlinear mixed‐effects modeling was used to fit two pharmacokinetic models, one with first‐order and another with saturable elimination, to the single‐dose data. Fits were good for both, as long as dose was included as a covariate for the first‐order model so that clearance was lower and the half‐life longer for animals receiving the 5 mg/kg dose. Although the single‐dose data suggested saturated elimination at higher concentrations, the model with saturable elimination did not predict plasma voriconazole concentrations well for a clinical aspergillosis case receiving long‐term treatment, possibly because of induction of metabolizing enzymes with chronic exposure. Pharmacokinetic models should accurately predict plasma drug concentrations for different dosage regimens in order to be applicable in the field. Future studies should focus on determining clearance at steady‐state to be able to refine the pharmacokinetic models presented here and improve model performance for long‐term oral voriconazole administration in Magellanic penguins.  相似文献   

Correction to: Seroprevalence of bovine brucellosis and associated risk factors in Nakasongola district,Uganda     

Bugeza  James  Muwonge  Adrian  Munyeme  Musso  Lasuba  Phillip  Godfroid  Jacques  Kankya  Clovice 《Tropical animal health and production》2019,51(7):2077-2077

Tropical Animal Health and Production - In the originally published article, the name of the fifth author was incorrectly presented as Godfroid Jacques. The correct name is Jacques Godfroid.  相似文献   

Detection and measurement of benzimidazole resistance alleles in Haemonchus contortus using real-time PCR with locked nucleic acid Taqman probes     

Walsh TK  Donnan AA  Jackson F  Skuce P  Wolstenholme AJ 《Veterinary parasitology》2007,144(3-4):304-312

Benzimidazole resistance is a common problem in parasitic nematodes of ruminants and early detection is vital if its spread is to be monitored and controlled. Real time PCR offers a fast and reliable method for rapid detection and measurement of resistance allele frequencies. In Haemonchus contortus a single nucleotide polymorphism at codon 200 of the beta-tubulin gene (TTC to TAC), causing a phenylalanine to tyrosine amino acid substitution, has been shown to be involved in many cases of resistance. Locked nucleic acid (LNA) Taqman probes have been used in this work to detect and measure the frequency of resistance alleles in individual and multiple H. contortus. Detection of resistant genotypes using LNA Taqman probes in individual H. contortus is simpler and more reliable than with previously described assays. Measurement of the frequency of resistant alleles in populations of H. contortus was achieved by using the cycle threshold (C(t)) values and a standard curve derived from populations with known allele frequencies. Results using the LNA probes on individual and multiple worms gave similar results to the allele specific PCR. The sensitivity of the LNA assay on multiple nematodes allowed reliable detection of > or = 10% resistance allele frequency. Using the final fluorescence method, it was possible to differentiate populations with approximately 0, 5 and 10% resistance allele frequencies.  相似文献   

RhizoTubes as a new tool for high throughput imaging of plant root development and architecture: test,comparison with pot grown plants and validation     

Christian?Jeudy  Marielle?Adrian  Christophe?Baussard  Céline?Bernard  Eric?Bernaud  Virginie?Bourion  Hughes?Busset  Lloren??Cabrera-Bosquet  Frédéric?Cointault  Simeng?Han  Mickael?Lamboeuf  Delphine?Moreau  Barbara?Pivato  Marion?Prudent  Sophie?Trouvelot  Hoai?Nam?Truong  Vanessa?Vernoud  Anne-Sophie?Voisin  Daniel?Wipf  Christophe?SalonEmail author 《Plant methods》2016,12(1):31

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The Validation of Pesticide Leaching Models     

Adrian C. Armstrong  Andrew M. Portwood  Peter B. Leeds-Harrison  Graham L. Harris  John A Catt 《Pest management science》1996,48(1):47-55

The validation of pesticide leaching models presents particular problems where the number of model predictions is far in excess of the observed data. Normally, however, there are more frequent field observations for other parameters (notably the site hydrology) than for pesticide concentrations in either water or soil. A five-stage validation procedure which takes advantage of the most frequently available observations and which tests each of the components of the model in a cumulative way, is thus advocated: Stage 1: Parameterisation of the model using only independently measured parameters. Stage 2: Hydrological validation: the validation of the predictions of water movement and water content of the soil. Stage 3: Solute movement validation: where field data are available for solutes other than pesticide, the model should first be validated for them, especially if they are more abundant than the pesticide observations. Conserved solutes such as chloride or bromide are preferred, although nitrate may be used for short periods. Stage 4: Pesticide fate in the soil: models should use parameters of pesticide fate derived from independent studies. Stage 5: Pesticide leaching: only in the last stage are the relatively small number of pesticide observations compared with the model predictions with respect to patterns and orders of magnitude of occurrence. With this scheme, the results of each stage are carried forward to the next, and confidence in the model is built with each stage. This is illustrated using the CRACK-P model and hydrological, nitrate and pesticide data from the Brimstone Farm Experiment Oxfordshire, UK.  相似文献   

Analysis of Rural Landscape and Land Fragmentation Through GIS in the Gjocaj Commune,Albania     

Adrian Doko  Eriola Veselaj  Albert Kopali  Evan Rroço  Dr. Nazim Gruda 《Gesunde Pflanzen》2015,67(3):131-139

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