Study of feline injection site sarcomas     

Dean R  Adams V  Whitbread T  Scase T  Dunham S  Mellor D  Philbey A  McCandlish I  Pfeiffer D  Smith K 《The Veterinary record》2006,159(19):641-642

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Physics. Voila! Cloak of invisibility unveiled     

Cho A 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2006,314(5798):403

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Elementary Ca2+ signals through endothelial TRPV4 channels regulate vascular function     

Sonkusare SK  Bonev AD  Ledoux J  Liedtke W  Kotlikoff MI  Heppner TJ  Hill-Eubanks DC  Nelson MT 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2012,336(6081):597-601

Major features of the transcellular signaling mechanism responsible for endothelium-dependent regulation of vascular smooth muscle tone are unresolved. We identified local calcium (Ca(2+)) signals ("sparklets") in the vascular endothelium of resistance arteries that represent Ca(2+) influx through single TRPV4 cation channels. Gating of individual TRPV4 channels within a four-channel cluster was cooperative, with activation of as few as three channels per cell causing maximal dilation through activation of endothelial cell intermediate (IK)- and small (SK)-conductance, Ca(2+)-sensitive potassium (K(+)) channels. Endothelial-dependent muscarinic receptor signaling also acted largely through TRPV4 sparklet-mediated stimulation of IK and SK channels to promote vasodilation. These results support the concept that Ca(2+) influx through single TRPV4 channels is leveraged by the amplifier effect of cooperative channel gating and the high Ca(2+) sensitivity of IK and SK channels to cause vasodilation.  相似文献   

Physics. Sparks fly over shoestring test of 'holographic principle'     

Cho A 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2012,336(6078):147-149

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Physics. Textbook electrodynamics may contradict relativity     

Cho A 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2012,336(6080):404

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Chemokine gene silencing in decidual stromal cells limits T cell access to the maternal-fetal interface     

Nancy P  Tagliani E  Tay CS  Asp P  Levy DE  Erlebacher A 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2012,336(6086):1317-1321

The chemokine-mediated recruitment of effector T cells to sites of inflammation is a central feature of the immune response. The extent to which chemokine expression levels are limited by the intrinsic developmental characteristics of a tissue has remained unexplored. We show in mice that effector T cells cannot accumulate within the decidua, the specialized stromal tissue encapsulating the fetus and placenta. Impaired accumulation was in part attributable to the epigenetic silencing of key T cell-attracting inflammatory chemokine genes in decidual stromal cells, as evidenced by promoter accrual of repressive histone marks. These findings give insight into mechanisms of fetomaternal immune tolerance, as well as reveal the epigenetic modification of tissue stromal cells as a modality for limiting effector T cell trafficking.  相似文献   

Nuclear physics. DOE funding crunch threatens future of only U.S. collider still running     

Cho A 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2012,335(6067):392-393

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Tenovaginoscopic approach to the common digital flexor tendon sheath of adult cattle: technique, normal findings and preliminary results in four clinical cases     

Bertagnoli A  Räber M  Morandi N  Mortellaro CM  Steiner A 《Veterinary journal (London, England : 1997)》2012,191(1):121-127

The aim of this study was to describe the tenovaginoscopic approach to the bovine common digital flexor tendon sheath (CDFTS). A comparative anatomical, ultrasonographic and endoscopic study was undertaken using 26 healthy cadaver feet from adult dairy cows. Tenovaginoscopy was performed using a rigid, 30° arthroscope (length 18 cm; outer diameter 4mm) enabling a direct view of the synovial cavity and the following structures: digital flexor tendons, digital annular ligaments, lateral and medial pouches, three mesotendons, the vinculum of the superficial digital flexor tendon, and a slot-shaped opening in the manicaflexoria of the hind feet. Additionally, four clinical cases of septic tenosynovitis treated with lavage under tenovaginoscopic control were examined. Tenovaginoscopy represents a feasible, minimally invasive method for the diagnosis and treatment of septic tenosynovitis of the CDFTS, which allows the degree of alterations of the normal structures to be evaluated.  相似文献   

Expression of TopBP1 in canine mammary neoplasia in relation to histological type, Ki67, ERalpha and p53     

Morris JS  Nixon C  King OJ  Morgan IM  Philbey AW 《Veterinary journal (London, England : 1997)》2009,179(3):422-429

TopBP1 is aberrantly expressed in human and feline mammary carcinomas, but expression of this BRCA1-related protein has not been investigated in canine mammary carcinomas. In this study, 132 canine mammary tumours (46 benign, 86 carcinomas) were examined immunohistochemically for expression of TopBP1, oestrogen receptor α (ERα), Ki67 and p53. Positive staining for TopBP1 was evident in all canine mammary lesions, although five samples had <20% positive cells. The number of samples with high levels of staining increased in different categories from benign mixed tumour to adenoma to carcinoma. Most TopBP1 staining was nuclear, but both nuclear and cytoplasmic staining were observed as the degree of malignancy increased, similar to human and feline mammary carcinomas. Benign mixed tumours, however, had more cytoplasmic staining than adenomas. Expression of p53 and the proliferation marker Ki67 increased from benign mixed tumour to adenoma to carcinoma, but the differences between benign and malignant tumours were more distinct than for TopBP1 expression. ERα expression decreased from malignant to benign tumours, although over half of the benign mixed tumours were negative. TopBP1 was expressed in canine mammary tumours at higher levels than has been reported previously for cats, although the shift in cellular localisation with malignancy was similar.  相似文献   

Biomarkers in cardiovascular disease: Beyond natriuretic peptides     

Adrian Boswood 《Journal of Veterinary Cardiology》2009

Currently natriuretic peptides are justifiably regarded as the most promising circulating markers of cardiovascular disease in dogs and cats, but there are many other markers that can be used in the evaluation of such patients. There are markers of myocyte injury typified by troponins I and T; markers of myocyte stress including adrenomedullin and ST2; markers of remodeling including matrix metalloproteinases, tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases and collagen molecules (PIIINP); markers of endothelial function including dimethylarginines and nitric oxide metabolites; markers of inflammation including C-reactive protein, several interleukins and tumor necrosis factor alpha; and finally neurohormonal markers. The potential of many of these markers has at best been only partially explored in veterinary patients. Evidence emerging from studies of human and in some cases veterinary patients suggests that using multiple markers may be superior to using single markers alone. As well as evaluating markers for their diagnostic value they should be considered as methods of identification of patients at increased risk of experiencing complications or death. Future areas of research in this field could include improved characterization of the clinical utility of multi-marker evaluation in veterinary patients and using markers to identify patients that may benefit from particular interventions.  相似文献