Improvement of rice (Oryza sativa L.) growth in upland conditions with deep tillage and mulch   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Yoichiro Kato  Akihiko Kamoshita  Jun Abe  Junko Yamagishi 《Soil & Tillage Research》2007,92(1-2):30-44

The productivity of upland rice in Japan as well as in the world is low and unstable owing to scarce and unpredictable rainfall. The objective of this study was to examine whether agronomic methods could enhance grain yield of upland rice. Four field experiments were conducted from 2001 to 2003 in Nishitokyo, Japan, under upland conditions with different water supplies, in order to quantify the effects of deep tillage combined with deep placement of manure (50-cm depth), straw mulch (6 t ha⁻¹), or their combinations on the growth and grain yield of rice. Mulch kept surface soil moisture higher than without mulch even at reproductive stage, and it increased yield to the greatest extent under the most favourable conditions with much rainfall before heading (i.e., 2003). Deep tillage with deep placement of manure induced deep root proliferation and higher nitrogen uptake, increasing biomass production, and panicle number, and consequently grain yield was enhanced under the two lowest yielding environments with less rainfall before heading. Rice plants with deep tillage with deep manure application without mulch tended to have lower leaf water potential and higher diffusion resistance during drought, and negative effects on grain filling and harvest index in some experiments compared with the control. When deep tillage with deep placement of manure was combined with mulching in two experiments in 2002 and 2003, grain yield always enhanced compared with the control (P < 0.10, 6.0 t ha⁻¹ versus 5.4 t ha⁻¹ on average), suggesting their synergetic mechanisms for yield increase and stabilization. The results showed that deep tillage or mulching can improve grain yield of rice under drought-prone rainfed upland conditions in a temperate climate on an Andosol, and their combination had more consistent and greater positive effects.  相似文献   

Testing fenthion, dichlorvos, and diethylcarbamazine for phrophylactic effects against the developing stages of Dirofilaria immitis     

J L Fowler  J Warne  Y Furusho  H Sugiyama 《American journal of veterinary research》1970,31(5):903-906

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Chronic toxicity test of taselin in rats     

K Sugiyama  F Sagami  T Chiba 《Nippon juigaku zasshi. The Japanese journal of veterinary science》1974,36(6):525-538

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Polycystic immature teratoma observed at the head of Meckel's diverticulum of a chick     

M Sugiyama  M Isoda  A Tomizawa 《Nippon juigaku zasshi. The Japanese journal of veterinary science》1983,45(3):383-385

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Analysis of a full-length cDNA library constructed from swine olfactory bulb for elucidation of expressed genes and their transcription initiation sites   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Fujisaki S  Sugiyama A  Eguchi T  Watanabe Y  Hiraiwa H  Honma D  Saito T  Yasue H 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2004,66(1):15-23

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Maternal exposure to low doses of bisphenol a has no effects on development of female reproductive tract and uterine carcinogenesis in Donryu rats     

Yoshida M  Shimomoto T  Katashima S  Watanabe G  Taya K  Maekawa A 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2004,50(3):349-360

Effects of maternal exposure to low doses of bisphenol A (BPA), including those comparable with human exposure levels, on growth and development of the female reproductive system and uterine carcinogenesis in Donryu rats were investigated. Dams were administered BPA (0, 0.006 and 6 mg/kg/day) daily by gavage from gestation day 2 up to the day before weaning (postnatal day 21 at offspring). The serum levels of BPA were significantly elevated in the dams receiving 6 mg/kg/day, however, BPA levels in the milk of dams, and those in the serum and liver of offspring were similar between control and treated groups. The treatment did not exert any influences on uterine development including weight, gland genesis and estrogen receptor alpha expression, vaginal opening and gonadotropin secretion in the female offspring up to puberty. After maturation, no effects were evident with regard to estrous cyclicity in female offspring treated with BPA. In addition, the treatment had no effects on age-related morphological changes of the reproductive and endocrine organs and uterine carcinogenesis until 15 months of age. The results demonstrate that maternal exposure to BPA at levels comparable to human exposure did not have any effects on the female reproductive system of offspring in rats. In addition, BPA was also found in the serum, milk and liver of control dams and pups, and low levels of BPA were detected in drinking water and pellet diet. The present study showed that the experimental animals were also exposed to environmental BPA in the animal room.  相似文献   

Immunohistochemical detection of polyunsaturated fatty acid oxidation markers in acetaminophen-induced liver injury in rats     

Sun J  Sugiyama A  Hisaka S  Kato Y  Takeuchi T 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2012,74(2):141-147

To clarfity whether polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) oxidation is involved in the mechanism of acetaminophen (APAP)-induced apoptotic cell death, the production and localization of PUFA oxidation markers N(ε)-propanoyl-modified lysine, N(ε)-hexanoyl-modified lysine, 4-hydroxyhexenal-modified histidine and crotonaldehyde-modified lysine were evaluated in the development of APAP-induced liver injury. The immunoexpression of these markers in the liver was examined up to 24 hr post-APAP intraperitoneal injection in rats (1 g/kg body weight). The histopathological changes in the liver appeared 3 hr after APAP injection and became exacerbated with time. Proapoptotic protein Bax immunoreactivity was first detected in the degenerative hepatocytes 3 hr after the injection and areas positively immunostained for Bax reached a peak level at 6 hr, and then decreased at 12 and 24 hr. There was a significant increase in the TUNEL-positive rate at 12 and 24 hr. Immunohistological expression of all these oxidation markers was first detected in the degenerative hepatocytes 3 hr after the injection, and earlier than the occurrence of hepatocyte apoptosis. Immunohistochemical expression of these markers were observed in almost all degenerative hepatocytes 3-24 hr after APAP injection. Areas positively immunostained for these markers reached a peak level at 6 hr, and then decreased at 12 and 24 hr. The results thus suggest that the generation of PUFA oxidation markers may be the signature of early events preceding the induction of liver cell apoptosis and thus useful for early detection of oxidative stress-related liver cell injury.  相似文献   

Development of a method for detecting Coxiella burnetii in cheese samples     

Hirai A  Nakama A  Chiba T  Kai A 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2012,74(2):175-180

Coxiella burnetii is the causative agent of Q fever, and the main route of infection in humans is inhalation of contaminated aerosols. Although oral transmission by contaminated raw milk or dairy products is also a possible route of human infection, there have been few studies investigating the presence of C. burnetii in dairy products. We developed a new method of extracting DNA from cheese and detecting C. burnetii DNA in cheese samples with a nested PCR assay. The limit of detection was 6.0 × 10(2) C. burnetii particles per gram. We subsequently used this method to examine the presence of C. burnetii in cheese at commercial markets in Tokyo from June 2005 to December 2008. Twenty-eight of 147 cheese samples were found to be positive for C. burnetii DNA. However, when we assessed the viability of C. burnetii by inoculating mice with DNA-positive samples, all of the samples were found to be negative. Thus, the viability of C. burnetii appears to have been lost in these cheese samples.  相似文献   

Evidence for estrogen receptor expression during medullary bone formation and resorption in estrogen-treated male Japanese quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica)     

Shinji Hiyama  Toshie Sugiyama  Seiji Kusuhara  Takashi Uchida 《Journal of veterinary science (Suw?n-si, Korea)》2012,13(3):223-227

The temporal expression of estrogen receptor (ER)-α and ER-β mRNA was examined in male Japanese quails. Femurs of quails receiving 17β-estradiol underwent RTPCR and histochemical analysis 1 to 15 days after treatment. Untreated quails were used as controls (day 0). Between days 0 and 5, cells lining the bone endosteal surface differentiated into osteoblasts, which in turn formed medullary bone. Expression of ER-α was already observed on day 0 and increased slightly during bone formation whereas ER-β was hardly detected throughout this process. After osteoclasts appeared on the medullary bone surface, this type of bone disappeared from the bone marrow cavity (days 7~15). ER-α expression simultaneously decreased slightly and ER-β levels remained very low. These results suggest that estrogen activity mediated by ER-α not only affects medullary bone formation but also bone resorption.  相似文献   

Chemerin analog regulates energy metabolism in sheep     

Yutaka SUZUKI  Sang‐Houn SONG  Katsuyoshi SATO  Kyoung‐Ha SO  Astrid ARDIYANTI  Shun KITAYAMA  Yeon‐Hee HONG  Sung‐Dae LEE  Ki‐Choon CHOI  Akihiko HAGINO  Kazuo KATOH  Sang‐gun ROH 《Animal Science Journal》2012,83(3):263-267

Accumulating data suggest a relationship between chemerin and energy metabolism. Our group previously described gene cloning, expression analysis and the regulatory mechanism of chemerin and its own receptor in mice and cattle. The objective of the present study was to investigate the physiological effect of chemerin on endocrine changes and energy metabolism in sheep using a biologically stable chemerin analog. The chemerin analog was intravenously administrated (100 or 500 µg/head) to sheep, and plasma insulin and metabolites (glucose, nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA), triglyceride, total cholesterol and high‐density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol) were analyzed. The chemerin analog dramatically increased the insulin levels, and glucose levels were decreased. NEFA levels were slightly decreased at 20 min but then increased gradually from 60 to 180 min after analog administration. In addition, injection of the chemerin analog immediately increased triglyceride and total cholesterol but not HDL levels. These results suggested that chemerin analog regulated insulin secretion related to glucose metabolism and the release of triglycerides in sheep in vivo. This study provides new information about endocrine and metabolic changes in response to chemerin in sheep.  相似文献