Dehydroeffusol Rescues Amyloid β25–35-Induced Spatial Working Memory Deficit     

Fukuda  Toshiyuki  Sato  Yuichi  Takiguchi  Mako  Yamamoto  Takahiro  Murasawa  Hiroyasu  Pawlak  Akiko  Kobayashi  Hiroyuki  Tamano  Haruna  Takeda  Atsushi 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2020,75(2):279-282

Plant Foods for Human Nutrition - Amyloid β (Aβ) peptides produced from the amyloid precursor protein, a transmembrane protein, are neurotoxic and blocking the neurotoxicity may lead to...  相似文献   

Fatty acid profiles in relation to triglyceride level in the liver of dairy cows     

Sato H  Mohamed T  Goto A  Oikawa S  Kurosawa T 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2004,66(1):85-87

To elucidate possible relationships between triglyceride (TG) levels and fatty acid composition in bovine liver, hepatic TG and seven individual fatty acids were measured in 23 Holstein dairy cows, of them 6 are healthy. Liver TG level was greater than 3 % in 12 cows which were ruled fatty liver. Palmitic and oleic acid proportions were significantly higher in fatty liver cows than in the healthy cows, while stearic acid was lower in fatty liver cows. With increased liver TG, stearic acid proportions decreased dramatically. Results indicate that hepatic lipidosis markedly alters the proportions of the various fatty acids in the liver of dairy cows.  相似文献   

Geographical and functional-morphological variations of the skull in the gray-bellied squirrel     

Endo H  Kimura J  Oshida T  Stafford BJ  Rerkamnuaychoke W  Nishida T  Sasaki M  Hayashida A  Hayashi Y 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2004,66(3):277-282

The geographical variations of the skulls were osteometrically examined in the gray-bellied squirrel (Callosciurus caniceps) from the populations of Korat, Ranong, southernmost Thailand, and Terutau Island. The skull size was larger in northern population than in the southern population in the continental mainland. The zoogeographical influences of the Isthmus of Kra remained unclear, since the plots from Korat population were intermingled with those from southernmost Thailand population in the principal component charts. Although Korat population has been thought to belong to north group, we suggest that Ranong and southernmost Thailand populations may contain individuals from both north and south groups separated by the ancient Kra barrier. Terutau Island population was similar to southernmost Thailand population in skull size, although Terutau population has been isolated in the island and separated from the south group of the Isthmus of Kra. In the proportional analysis the interorbital space was narrower and the binocular sense has been well-developed in Terutau population. It suggests that this population has been highly adapted to arboreal behavior. In contrast, the skull with larger interorbital space was more adaptive for terrestrial life in Korat population. The canonical discriminant analysis could clearly separate the four populations in the scattergrams of discriminant scores.  相似文献   

Geographical variation of skull size and shape in various populations in the black giant squirrel     

Endo H  Kimura J  Oshida T  Stafford BJ  Rerkamnuaychoke W  Nishida T  Sasaki M  Hayashida A  Hayashi Y 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2004,66(10):1213-1218

We osteometrically examined the skulls of the black giant squirrel (Ratufa bicolor) from three mainland populations (M. Malayan Peninsula, V. South Vietnam, and B. Burma, India and North Thailand) and from two island populations (T. Tioman, and S. Sumatra Islands). The skull in the Malayan peninsula population was significantly smaller than that of the two other mainland populations. It is consistent with Bergmann's rule as shown in the gray-bellied squirrel. The two island populations did not show obvious differences in comparison with the Malayan population in many measurements. In the proportion analysis eliminating the size factor, the differences among populations were not easily confirmed and we concluded that the osteological characters peculiar to each population could not be shown in this species. The first and second principal component scores of M, S, and T populations were intermingled, whereas the V and B populations of V and B were not separated in the chart. We pointed out that the morphological differences were demonstrated between northern and southern groups of the Isthmus of Kra in the mainland populations, and that the two island populations did not show the island-isolation effect in comparison with the M population. The adaptational variation related to feeding and locomotion could not be confirmed among populations of the black giant squirrel as shown in the proportion analysis.  相似文献   

A case of spontaneous Zymbal’s gland carcinoma with lung metastasis in an aged Fischer 344 rat     

Ai Maeno  Yoshimitsu Sakamoto  Motoki Hojo  Yukie Tada  Jin Suzuki  Akiko Inomata  Takako Moriyasu  Akihiko Hirose  Noriko Kemuriyama  Katsuhiro Miyajima  Dai Nakae 《Journal of toxicologic pathology》2021,34(4):353

Zymbal’s gland neoplasms are induced in rats through the administration of various carcinogens, but spontaneous neoplasia is rare. This report describes a spontaneous Zymbal’s gland carcinoma with lung metastasis found in an aged male Fischer 344 rat. Macroscopically, the dome-like tumor nodule, approximately 30 mm in diameter with ulceration, was located near the ear canal of the rat. No healthy tissue or structure of Zymbal’s gland was identified on the corresponding side, while the normal salivary glands and a lacrimal gland were observed. Histologically, a large part of the tumor mass was occupied by poorly differentiated neoplastic cells, the shapes of which were oval to polygonal or fusiform. Additionally, clusters of sebaceous-like foamy cells and squamous metaplasia with prominent keratinization were observed. Tumor cells were found to metastasize to the lung; these cells displayed histological similarities, including a sebaceous gland-like pattern, to those in the primary site. The tumor cells were immunohistochemically positive for cytokeratin AE1/AE3 or vimentin but negative for CD68, S100, α-smooth muscle actin, von Willebrand factor, and desmin. Our results indicate that the tumor was a poorly differentiated Zymbal’s gland carcinoma with lung metastasis.  相似文献   

Amphotericin B Induces Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor in the Rat Brain     

Akiko MOTOYOSHI-YAMASHIRO  Katsura TAKANO  Kenji KAWABE  Takeshi IZAWA  Hidemitsu NAKAJIMA  Mitsuaki MORIYAMA  Yoichi NAKAMURA 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2014,76(10):1353-1358

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Genetic selection for resistance to mycoplasmal pneumonia of swine (MPS) in the Landrace line influences the expression of soluble factors in blood after MPS vaccine sensitization     

Tomoyuki Shimazu  Liushiqi Borjigin  Yuki Katayama  Meihua Li  Takumi Satoh  Kouichi Watanabe  Haruki Kitazawa  Sang‐gun Roh  Hisashi Aso  Katoh Kazuo  Yoshihito Suda  Akiko Sakuma  Mituru Nakajo  Keiichi Suzuki 《Animal Science Journal》2014,85(4):365-373

We recently developed a Landrace line that is resistant to mycoplasmal pneumonia of swine (MPS) infection by genetic selection for five generations, and we reported that the immunophenotype of this line is different from that of the non‐selected line in terms of changes in peripheral blood leukocyte population after MPS vaccination. This study followed up previous findings demonstrating changes in soluble factors in blood, namely, hormones, Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae‐specific immunoglobulin G (IgG), and cytokines. These two lines were injected with MPS vaccine on days ?7 and 0 after blood sampling on those days, and blood samples were collected on days ?14, ?7, 0, 2, 7 and 14. We found changes in the levels of many hormones and cytokines in both lines. However, we found that only growth hormone (GH) and interferon (IFN)‐γ levels were statistically different between these two lines. GH concentration was reduced (day 0) and IFN‐γ concentration was increased (day 14) in the MPS‐selected line compared with the non‐selected line, despite unchanged IFN‐γ messenger RNA expression in blood cells. Although detailed mechanisms underlying these phenotypes remain unsolved, these traits would be useful to improve MPS resistance in pig production and provide an insight into MPS infection.  相似文献   

Regolith migration and sorting on asteroid Itokawa     

Miyamoto H  Yano H  Scheeres DJ  Abe S  Barnouin-Jha O  Cheng AF  Demura H  Gaskell RW  Hirata N  Ishiguro M  Michikami T  Nakamura AM  Nakamura R  Saito J  Sasaki S 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2007,316(5827):1011-1014

High-resolution images of the surface of asteroid Itokawa from the Hayabusa mission reveal it to be covered with unconsolidated millimeter-sized and larger gravels. Locations and morphologic characteristics of this gravel indicate that Itokawa has experienced considerable vibrations, which have triggered global-scale granular processes in its dry, vacuum, microgravity environment. These processes likely include granular convection, landslide-like granular migrations, and particle sorting, resulting in the segregation of the fine gravels into areas of potential lows. Granular processes become major resurfacing processes because of Itokawa's small size, implying that they can occur on other small asteroids should those have regolith.  相似文献   

Brain IRS2 signaling coordinates life span and nutrient homeostasis     

Taguchi A  Wartschow LM  White MF 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2007,317(5836):369-372

Reduced insulin-like signaling extends the life span of Caenorhabditis elegans and Drosophila. Here, we show that, in mice, less insulin receptor substrate-2 (Irs2) signaling throughout the body or just in the brain extended life span up to 18%. At 22 months of age, brain-specific Irs2 knockout mice were overweight, hyperinsulinemic, and glucose intolerant; however, compared with control mice, they were more active and displayed greater glucose oxidation, and during meals they displayed stable superoxide dismutase-2 concentrations in the hypothalamus. Thus, less Irs2 signaling in aging brains can promote healthy metabolism, attenuate meal-induced oxidative stress, and extend the life span of overweight and insulin-resistant mice.  相似文献   

An LRR receptor kinase involved in perception of a peptide plant hormone,phytosulfokine     

Matsubayashi Y  Ogawa M  Morita A  Sakagami Y 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2002,296(5572):1470-1472

The sulfated peptide phytosulfokine (PSK) is an intercellular signal that plays a key role in cellular dedifferentiation and proliferation in plants. Using ligand-based affinity chromatography, we purified a 120-kilodalton membrane protein, specifically interacting with PSK, from carrot microsomal fractions. The corresponding complementary DNA encodes a 1021-amino acid receptor kinase that contains extracellular leucine-rich repeats, a single transmembrane domain, and a cytoplasmic kinase domain. Overexpression of this receptor kinase in carrot cells caused enhanced callus growth in response to PSK and a substantial increase in the number of tritium-labeled PSK binding sites, suggesting that PSK and this receptor kinase act as a ligand-receptor pair.  相似文献