Epidermal tissue-derived T-cell growth factor, colony stimulating factor and nerve growth factor in chickens.     

T Oshibe  I Kitamura  K Tanaka  T Baba  H Kodama  M Mukamoto  S Tsuji 《Zentralblatt für Veterin?rmedizin. Reihe B. Journal of veterinary medicine. Series B》1999,46(6):389-398

The purpose of this study was to determine the mechanism of the local cytokine-mediated immune response in the skin of chickens. The incorporation of 3H-thymidine into spleen T lymphocytes from 9-to 10-week-old chickens was augmented by the addition of epidermal tissue culture supernatant (ESN) from 11-day-old embryos. The colony formation of neonatal chicken bone marrow cells in the methylcellulose medium was also significantly increased by addition of ESN. When axonal outgrowth in matrigel was investigated, the embryonal sympathetic ganglion was found to grow axons outwards towards the epidermal tissue specimens. The above results suggest that chicken epidermal cells (probably keratinocytes) produce T-cell growth factor (corresponding to IL-1), colony-stimulating factor for macrophages (M-CSF) and granulocytes (G-CSF), and nerve growth factor (NGF).  相似文献   

Climate change and interspecific interactions drive species alternations between anchovy and sardine in the western North Pacific: Detection of causality by convergent cross mapping          下载免费PDF全文

Shin‐Ichiro Nakayama  Akinori Takasuka  Momoko Ichinokawa  Hiroshi Okamura 《Fisheries Oceanography》2018,27(4):312-322

The abundance and recruitment of anchovy Engraulis spp. and sardine Sardinops spp. alternate in a synchronized way across the Pacific. Convergent cross mapping (CCM) indicated that climate change drives the alternation of the two species in the California Current System. However, climate indices patterns in the western North Pacific contrast with those in the eastern North Pacific, despite synchronous species alternations occurring. Therefore, it is of great interest to clarify whether climate change, or any other factors, affects the population dynamics of Japanese anchovy and Japanese sardine in the western North Pacific. Using CCM, we tested whether climate change and interspecific interactions affect the population dynamics of these two species. We found that climate change affected recruitment, and we clarified the spatiotemporal pattern of this effect. This result supports the existing hypotheses that population dynamics are regulated by climate change in the western North Pacific. The present study also detected interspecific interactions between sardine and anchovy, which might promote the alternation of the two species, and has not been reported in other regions.  相似文献   

Mechanism of disease development caused by a multihost plant bacterium, Pseudomonas cichorii, and its virulence diversity     

Yasufumi Hikichi  Ullah Md Wali  Kouhei Ohnishi  Akinori Kiba 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2013,79(6):379-389

Pseudomonas cichorii causes rot on lettuce leaves, distinct from the necrotic spots of infected eggplant leaves. On lettuce leaves, P. cichorii invades intercellular spaces through stomata and grows vigorously, causing rot on the leaves. Surprisingly, P. cichorii does not produce pectate lyase, the most important enzyme for degrading plant cell walls. Alternatively, infection with P. cichorii causes heterochromatin condensation and DNA laddering in lettuce cells, followed by induced cell death, which results in disease symptoms. Thus, apoptotic programmed cell death (PCD) is associated with the symptoms on lettuce leaves. Although PCD in P. cichorii-infected eggplant leaves is also associated with necrotic spots caused by the bacteria, there are differences in the responses of the two hosts. P. cichorii harbors the N-acetyltransferase family gene (pat) and the hrp genes (hrp) encoding a type III secretion system, adjacent to an aldehyde dehydrogenase gene (aldH). The virulence of P. cichorii is hrp-dependent in eggplant, but not in lettuce. Furthermore, hrp, pat and aldH are implicated in the diversity of P. cichorii virulence on susceptible Asteraceae species. The involvement of hrp, aldH and pat in bacterial virulence on the respective species has no relationship with the phylogeny of the plants species. When these results are considered together, P. cichorii has multiple virulence determinants. The involvement of not only hrp but also aldH and pat in P. cichorii virulence arose after species diversification of host plants. Host responses implicated in symptom development have been responsible for the development of virulence determinants of P. cichorii.  相似文献   

Role of Plant Cell Walls in Determining Plant-pathogen Specificity     

Akinori KIBA 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2000,66(3):281-281

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N₂O and CH₄ fluxes from a volcanic grassland soil in Nasu, Japan: Comparison between manure plus fertilizer plot and fertilizer-only plot     

Akinori MORI  Masayuki HOJITO  Mariko SHIMIZU  Shoji MATSUURA  Tomoko MIYAJI  Ryusuke HATANO 《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2008,54(4):606-617

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Spinal cord trauma in a cat caused by ingestion of a splinter     

Tanaka T  Akiyoshi H  Shimazaki H  Sato A  Inada M  Kiyomiya K  Shimizu J  Cao Z  Li Y  Hayashi A  Sone K  Kitai T  Ohashi F 《Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery》2012,14(2):155-157

A 5-month-old male Abyssinian presented with right hemiplegia. Cervical radiographs, haematology and serum biochemistry were normal. A foreign body was identified on computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Removal of the foreign body was carried out via a dorsal approach between the occipital bone and the C1 vertebral body using intra-operative CT. No complications were encountered. Thirty days after surgery, the cat was ambulatory.  相似文献   

Anaplastic ependymoma in the cervical spinal cord of a maltese dog     

Michimae Y  Morita T  Sunagawa Y  Sawada M  Okamoto Y  Shimada A 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2004,66(9):1155-1158

An 8-year and 6-month-old female Maltese dog showed a stoop with rigidity of her cervix and back. Neurologic examination showed loss of proprioception, and deficiency of pain response. Postmortem examination revealed the neoplastic mass replacing the central area in the cervical spinal cord at the level from 4th to 5th segments. Histologically, the mass was composed of neoplastic ependymal cells. The neoplastic cells showed marked atypism, and occasionally formed ependymal rosettes. Based on the morphologic features, the tumor was diagnosed as anaplastic ependymoma. Immunohistochemistry showed that the neoplastic cells were negative for glial fibrillary acid protein, and slightly positive for vimentin and cytokeratin.  相似文献   

Effect of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) injection on the immune responses of LPS-sensitive mice     

Ogikubo Y  Norimatsu M  Sasaki Y  Yasuda A  Saegusa J  Tamura Y 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2004,66(10):1189-1193

The effect of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on humoral and cell-mediated immunity was assessed using LPS-sensitive C3H/HeN mice. A single injection of LPS significantly decreased the anti-sheep red blood cells (SRBC) antibody titers, but not the number of anti-SRBC antibody producing spleen cells. In contrast, double LPS injection did not significantly decrease the anti-SRBC titers and even increased the number of anti-SRBC antibody producing spleen cells. Similarly, single LPS injection significantly suppressed the swelling of the footpad, but double LPS injection caused milder suppression. These results suggest that a difference in the level and timing of exposure to LPS may influence the immune response to infection or vaccination.  相似文献   

New method to detect oxolinic acid-resistant <Emphasis Type="Italic">Burkholderia glumae</Emphasis> infesting rice seeds using a mismatch amplification mutation assay polymerase chain reaction     

Yukiko?Maeda  Akinori?Kiba  Kouhei?Ohnishi  Yasufumi?HikichiEmail author 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2004,70(4):215-217

Bacterial seedling rot and grain rot of rice caused by Burkholderia glumae are seed-borne diseases, traditionally controlled with oxolinic acid (OA). Ser83Arg and Ser83Ile substitutions in GyrA protein are commonly responsible for moderate and high resistance to OA, respectively, in field isolates of B. glumae. To detect OA-resistant B. glumae infesting rice seeds, a mismatch amplification mutation assay polymerase chain reaction protocol was developed using DNA from bacteria incubated in modified S-PG medium and primers based on the amino acid substitutions at position 83 in GyrA.  相似文献   

Isolation of genes showing increased expression during bovine adipocyte differentiation   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Tadashi YAMASAKI  Miho INOUE-MURAYAMA  Koji TAHARA  Shoichi TAKANO  Akinori SUGIYAMA  Tomohito ITOH  Akiko TAKASUGA  Yoshikazu SUGIMOTO  Michael T. ROZE  Hisashi ASO  Shin'ichi ITO 《Animal Science Journal》2005,76(5):479-489

The adipocyte is important not only for the storage of excess energy as fat, but also for the secretion of homeostatic factors. Gene expression profiles during adipocyte differentiation have been reported previously for mouse 3T3‐L1 cells. However, the profiles of adipogenic gene expression in mice and cattle may be different because several metabolic pathways of the ruminant adipose tissue are different from those of non‐ruminants. The gene expression profile in a clonal bovine intramuscular preadipocyte cell line during adipogenesis was examined using the polymerase chain reaction‐subtraction method. Six hundred and twenty‐one clones, which were expressed at an early stage of differentiation, from the preadipocyte to adipocyte, were isolated and characterized. Further detailed studies were carried out for 86 selected genes using northern blotting. Ten genes were found to be highly expressed after differentiation of bovine intramuscular preadipocyte cells. In particular, the expression profiles of genes for stearoyl CoA desaturase and FK506 binding protein were quite different from the time course of differentiation of that seen in the 3T3‐L1 cells reported previously. In addition, these genes were assigned to bovine chromosomes using a bovine/hamster somatic cell hybrid panel and public database.  相似文献