Changes in the sotolon content of dry white wines during barrel and bottle aging     

Lavigne V  Pons A  Darriet P  Dubourdieu D 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2008,56(8):2688-2693

GC-MS in electron ionization mode (EI) was used as a simple, sensitive method for assaying sotolon [4,5-dimethyl-3-hydroxy-2(5) H-furanone] in various dry white wines. The impact of barrel-aging conditions, that is, whether yeast lees were present or not, on the formation of sotolon in dry white wines was then studied. The sotolon content was highest in dry white wines aged in new barrels without lees, often exceeding the perception threshold (8 microg/L). These results demonstrated that yeast lees were capable of minimizing the formation of sotolon in dry white wines during aging. The sotolon and oxygen contents of several bottle of the same white wine were also compared 7 years after bottling. At the range of dissolved oxygen concentrations generally measured, between 5 and 100 microg/L, the sotolon content remained below its perception threshold in wine. The perception threshold was exceeded only in wines with oxygen concentrations above 500 microg/L. The presence of dissolved oxygen in the wine samples analyzed also resulted in a decrease in their free sulfur dioxide content.  相似文献   

Behaviour of endangered European eels in proximity to a dam during downstream migration: Novel insights using high accuracy 3D acoustic telemetry     

Thomas Trancart  Alexandre Carpentier  Anthony Acou  Valentin Danet  Sophie Elliott  Éric Feunteun 《Ecology of Freshwater Fish》2020,29(2):266-279

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Antibiotic resistance in Escherichia coli and Enterococcus spp. isolates from commercial broiler chickens receiving growth-promoting doses of bacitracin or virginiamycin          下载免费PDF全文

Alexandre Thibodeau  Sylvain Quessy  Evelyne Guvremont  Alain Houde  Edward Topp  Moussa Sory Diarra    Ann Letellier 《Canadian journal of veterinary research》2008,72(2):129-136

Antibacterial agents such as zinc bacitracin (ZB) and virginiamycin (VG) are used as growth promoting agents (GP) in broiler chicken production. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the use of ZB and VG on the emergence of antibacterial resistance in a commercial broiler chicken farm. Three trials were conducted using 3 different diets: one without antibacterial agents, one containing VG, and one with ZB. Escherichia coli and Enterococcus spp. strains were isolated and tested for their susceptibility to various antibacterial agents. The occurrence of the resistance genes vatD, ermB, and bcrR in Enterococcus spp. isolates was determined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Comparative quantification of vatD and bcrR genes in total deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) extracts from litter was done by SYBR Green Real-Time PCR (QPCR). Escherichia coli and Enterococcus spp. isolates from diet groups had different levels of resistance to various antibacterial agents over time. These GPs did not select for specific antibacterial agent resistance (AAR) in Enterococcus spp. The use of GPs seemed to lower the percentage of E. coli isolates resistant to some antibacterial agents. The presence of the bcrR gene could not explain all resistant phenotypes to ZB. Genes other than vatD and ermB might be involved in the resistance to VG in Enterococcus spp. Use of GPs was not associated with presence of the bcrR gene in DNA extracts from litter, but use of VG was associated with vatD presence.  相似文献   

Epidemiology and clinical presentation of feline cataracts in france: A retrospective study of 268 cases     

Alexandre Guyonnet  Elise Donzel  Aurlie Bourguet  Sabine Chahory 《Veterinary ophthalmology》2019,22(2):116-124

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Effects of intracameral injection of epinephrine and 2% lidocaine on pupil diameter,intraocular pressure,and cardiovascular parameters in healthy cats     

Tssia Moara Amorim  Nathalie Moro Bassil Dower  Matias Bassinello Stocco  Laurem Hellem Pizoni  Alexandre Pinto Ribeiro 《Veterinary ophthalmology》2019,22(3):276-283

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Milk production and composition,food consumption,and energy balance of postpartum crossbred Holstein-Gir dairy cows fed two diets of different energy levels     

dos Santos  Gustavo Bervian  Brandão  Felipe Zandonadi  dos Santos Ribeiro  Lilian  Ferreira  Alexandre Lima  Campos  Mariana Magalhães  Machado  Fernanda Samarini  de Carvalho  Bruno Campos 《Tropical animal health and production》2019,51(1):65-71

The objective of this study was to evaluate the production, consumption, and energy balance parameters of primiparous 3/4 and 7/8 Holstein × Gir (HG) dairy cows fed two diets of differing energy levels during the postpartum period. At the beginning of the study, 28 days prepartum, the average weight of both genetic groups was 498?±?12 kg and body condition score (BCS) was 3.5?±?0.05. At the end of the study, 61 days postpartum, the 3/4 HG cows had higher weight and body condition scores than the 7/8 HG (456?±?8 and 429?±?8 kg and 3.13?±?0.03 and 2.94?±?0.03 BCS for 3/4 HG and 7/8 HG, respectively). Milk from cows fed the high-energy diet had higher percentages of fat, protein, lactose, and total dry extract than cows fed the low-energy diet. Cows fed the high-energy diet had higher net energy intake (95.3?±?1.9 vs. 88.1?±?2.1 MJ/day) and higher energy balance (3.64?±?2.13 vs ??6.02?±?2.30 MJ/day). The 3/4 HG cows displayed higher energy for maintenance (33.1?±?0.4 MJ/day) than the 7/8 HG (31.5?±?0.5 MJ /day). In conclusion, although the primiparous 3/4 HG were heavier than the 7/8 HG and had a higher body condition score, no differences in milk produced up to 60 days postpartum were observed. The higher energy diet during the postpartum period increased energy balance, resulting in higher production of milk fat, protein, and lactose.

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Comparison of the intravenous and intravaginal route of oxytocin administration for cervical dilation protocol and non‐surgical embryo recovery in oestrous‐induced Santa Inês ewes     

Lucia Prellwitz  Fabiana Nunes Zambrini  Jos Domingos Guimares  Marco Antonio Paula de Sousa  Maria Emília Franco Oliveira  Alexandre Rosetto Garcia  Srgio Novita Esteves  Pawel Mieczyslaw Bartlewski  Joanna Maria Gonalves Souza‐Fabjan  Jeferson Ferreira Fonseca 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2019,54(9):1230-1235

This study compared the effects of intravaginal and intravenous routes of oxytocin (OT) administration in 46 oestrous‐induced Santa Inês ewes (6‐day treatment with progestin‐releasing intravaginal sponges and a single injection of 200 IU of eCG at the time of sponge removal) that underwent transcervical embryo recovery 6–7 days after oestrous onset and mating. All ewes received 37.5 μg of d‐cloprostenol via latero‐vulvar route, and 1 mg of oestradiol benzoate i.m. 16 hr before and 50 IU of OT 20 min before non‐surgical embryo recovery (NSER), with OT being administered intravenously (n = 21) or intravaginally (n = 21). An overall oestrous response was 95.6% (44/46), and adequate cervical retraction could be accomplished in 78.6% (33/42) of ewes. The percentage of successful NSER procedures was 57% (24/42) or 72.7% (24/33) of animals with sufficient cervical retraction. The duration of NSER procedure averaged 28 min (range: 17–40 min) and ~96% of flushing fluid could be recovered (range: 85%–100%). Out of 18 ewes that could not undergo NSER, 12 (66.6%) presented various anatomical barriers, whilst the other 33.4% did not present these barriers and still could not be traversed. Excluding the ewes with those anatomical features, the overall success rate of NSER was 80% (24/30). The route of OT administration had no effect on NSER efficiency or the ease with which transcervical embryo flushing was performed. Both routes of OT administration can be used for cervical dilation protocol. Discarding ewes with anatomical features precluding cervical penetration is highly recommended to increase the efficacy of NSER in sheep.  相似文献   

Effects of landscape urbanization on magpie occupancy dynamics in France     

Chiron François  Lee Alexandre  Romain Julliard 《Landscape Ecology》2008,23(5):527-538

Responses of species to landscape modifications are generally documented through their distribution at a given time along an intensity gradient of land transformation. By focusing on patterns, we are limited to infer ecological processes occurring within a system and its response to environmental disturbances which can further change over time. Using diachronic datasets at the scale of France, we analyzed the spatial responses of the black-billed magpie, which has recently colonized cities, to landscape urbanization. This study applied recently developed statistical approaches incorporating detection uncertainty of the magpie, based on the capture-recapture statistical framework. We tested whether, and how, extinction and colonization mechanisms influenced variations of magpie occupancy from 2001 to 2005. In addition, we assessed the importance of the recent urbanization of the French countryside in determining population dynamics. Overall, our analysis proved that the proportion of urban areas and recent urbanization in France led to an increase in the probability of magpie occupancy. Unexpectedly, the species is concomitantly disappearing from the countryside, leading to a rapid change in the distribution of the species. This study stressed the importance of incorporating detection uncertainty in inference process about spatial dynamics. Overall, we show how useful it is to account for the dynamic evolution of the landscape in ecological studies.  相似文献   

Cataracts in a population of Bengal cats in France          下载免费PDF全文

Aurélie Bourguet  Gilles Chaudieu  Alice Briatta  Alexandre Guyonnet  Marie Abitbol  Sabine Chahory 《Veterinary ophthalmology》2018,21(1):10-18

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Ophthalmic parameters in adult lowland paca (Cuniculus paca) raised in captivity          下载免费PDF全文

Camila P. Balthazar da Silveira  Tiago B. Lima  Roberta M. Crivelaro  Luciana C. C. de Lacerda  Ivan R. M. Pádua  Roberta Renzo  Alexandre A. F. de Barros Sobrinho  Fabrício S. Oliveira  Marcela Aldrovani  José L. Laus 《Veterinary ophthalmology》2018,21(1):42-47

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