The effect of Tuber melanosporum Vitt. mycorrhization on growth, nutrition, and water relations of Quercus petraea Liebl., Quercus faginea Lamk., and Pinus halepensis Mill. seedlings     

José Alfonso Domínguez Nú?ez  Rosa Planelles González  José Antonio Rodríguez Barreal  José Antonio Saiz de Ome?aca González 《New Forests》2008,35(2):159-171

Mycorrhizal and nonmycorrhizal Quercus faginea Lamk., Quercus petraea Liebl., and Pinus halepensis Mill. one-year-old seedlings inoculated with Tuber melanosporum Vitt. have been analyzed with the purpose of studying the influence of mycorrhization on their growth, water relations, and mineral nutrition. The mycorrhization improved Q. petraea and P. halepensis seedling growth. In addition, the mycorrhization created an elastic adjustment in P. halepensis, although it did not cause any osmotic adjustment. Additionally, the mycorrhization increased phosphorus uptake in Q. faginea and P. halepensis, content of all nutrients in P. halepensis, and N content in Q. petraea.  相似文献   

Ontogenetic changes in stomatal and biochemical limitations to photosynthesis of two co-occurring Mediterranean oaks differing in leaf life span   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Juárez-López FJ  Escudero A  Mediavilla S 《Tree physiology》2008,28(3):367-374

A quantitative analysis was applied to the stomatal and biochemical limitations to light-saturated net photosynthesis under optimal field conditions in mature trees and seedlings of the co-occurring evergreen oak, Quercus ilex L., and the deciduous oak, Q. faginea Lam. Stomatal limitation to photosynthesis, maximal Rubisco activity and electron transport rate were determined from assimilation versus intercellular leaf carbon dioxide concentration response curves of leaves that were subsequently analyzed for nitrogen (N) concentration, mass per unit area, thickness and percent internal air space. In both species, seedlings had a lower leaf mass per unit area, thickness and leaf N concentration than mature trees. The root system of seedlings during their third year after planting was dominated by a taproot. A lower leaf N concentration of seedlings was associated with lower maximal Rubisco activity and electron transport rate and with assimilation rates similar to or lower than those of mature trees, despite the higher stomatal conductances and potential photosynthetic nitrogen-use efficiencies of seedlings. Consequently, stomatal limitation to photosynthesis increased with tree age in both species. In both seedlings and mature trees, a lower assimilation rate in Q. ilex than in Q. faginea was associated with lower stomatal conductance, N allocation to photosynthetic functions, maximal Rubisco activity and electron transport rate, and potential photosynthetic nitrogen-use efficiency but greater leaf thickness and leaf mass per unit area. Tree-age-related changes differed quantitatively between species, and the characteristics of the two species were more similar in seedlings than in mature trees. Despite higher stomatal conductances, seedlings are more N limited than adult trees, which contributes to lower biochemical efficiency.  相似文献   

Genetic diversity in Botrytis cinerea populations on vegetable crops in greenhouses in south-eastern Spain     

C. Alfonso  R. Raposo  & P. Melgarejo 《Plant pathology》2000,49(2):243-251

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Fruit characterization of Cocos nucifera L. (ARECACEAE) cultivars from the Pacific coast of Costa Rica and the Philippines     

Alfonso Vargas  Fabio A. Blanco 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2000,47(5):483-487

Tall coconut cultivars from the Pacific coast of Costa Rica and the Philippines (San Ramón, Tagnanán, and Laguna), were evaluated for fruit characteristics. Most of the introduced cultivars showed extremely large heterogeneity. A cluster analysis, based on the Ward method, classified the palms into four groups with high internal homogeneity. Some of the evaluated coconut palms from the Costa Rican Pacific area had nut characteristics similar to the San Ramon and Tagnanan palm groups but not to the Laguna group. At the association level used (semipartial R ² = 0.10), another group which included the remaining palms sampled from the Costa Rican Pacific coast was constituted.  相似文献   

Contrasting time-scale effects of land-use legacy on species richness,diversity and composition in Mediterranean scrubland communities     

Gamboa-Badilla  Nancy  Segura  Alfonso  Bagaria  Guillem  Basnou  Corina  Pino  Joan 《Landscape Ecology》2020,35(12):2745-2757

Context

It is known that land-use and land-cover (LULC) changes affect plant community assembly for decades. However, both the short- and the long-term effects of contrasting LULC change pathways on this assembly are seldom explored.

Objectives

To assess how LULC change pathways affect woody plant community parameters (i.e. species richness, diversity and evenness) and species’ presence and abundance, compared with environmental factors and neutral processes.

Methods

The study was performed in Mediterranean limestone scrublands in NE Spain. Cover of each woody species was recorded in 150 scrubland plots belonging to five LULC change pathways along the past century, identified using land-cover maps and fieldwork. For each plot, total woody and herbaceous vegetation cover, local environmental variables and geographical position were recorded. Effects of these pathways and factors on plant community parameters and on species presence and abundance were assessed, considering spatial effects potentially associated to neutral processes.

Results

Species richness and diversity were associated with LULC change pathways and elevation, while evenness was only associated with this last. Pathways and environmental variables explained similar variance in both species’ presence and cover. In general, while community parameters were affected by recent-past (1956) use, species presence and abundance were associated with far-past (pre-1900) cropping. No relevant spatial effect was detected for any studied factor.

Conclusions

Historical LULC changes and current environmental factors drive local-scale community assembly in Mediterranean scrublands to an equal extent, while contrasting time-scale effects are found at community and species level. Neutral, dispersal-based processes are found to be non-relevant.

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Fixed or random contemporary groups in genetic evaluation for litter size in pigs using a single trait repeatability animal model     

D. Babot  J. L. Noguera  L. Alfonso  J. Estany 《Zeitschrift für Tierzüchtung und Züchtungsbiologie》2003,120(1):12-22

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Ganglioneuroblastoma in a cat: a rare neoplasm treated with electrochemotherapy     

Spugnini EP  Citro G  Dotsinsky I  Mudrov N  Mellone P  Baldi A 《Veterinary journal (London, England : 1997)》2008,178(2):291-293

An 8-year-old male castrated cat was referred for sudden onset of lameness. Physical examination revealed a 1x2x1cm mass originating from a footpad of the right hind leg. A diagnosis of ganglioneuroblastoma was suggested by the tumour appearance following histopathological staining with haematoxylin and eosin and haematoxylin/van Gieson. Immunohistochemical staining for glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), vimentin, neuron-specific enolase (NSE), neurofilament and S100 further confirmed the diagnosis. The staging process did not indicate metastatic spread. The cat was treated with three sessions of electrochemotherapy (ECT) 1 week apart, following local injection of bleomycin. The tumour had completely regressed within 1 week of the third ECT application and remained in remission for 402 days at which time a small recurrence was noted. The animal was given a further session of ECT using intra-lesional cisplatin and again went into remission. It remained tumour free at 450 days. Electrochemotherapy is considered a safe and effective treatment for localised neoplasms of cats and dogs and warrants further investigation.  相似文献   

Ascorbic acid–cyclodextrin complex alters the expression of genes associated with lipid metabolism in bovine in vitro produced embryos     

Viviana Torres  Meriem Hamdi  Veronica Maillo  Rodrigo Urrego  Jose Julian Echeverri  Albeiro Lpez‐Herrera  Alfonso Gutirrez‐Adn  Dimitrios Rizos  Maria Jesús Snchez‐Calabuig 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2019,54(1):55-62

Ascorbic acid (AC) used as antioxidant in embryo culture is very sensitive and degrades unavoidably in aqueous solution. Methyl‐β‐cyclodextrin (CD) improved the stability of AC in solution to elevated temperature, light, humidity and oxidation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the complex AC‐CD during in vitro maturation (IVM) or in vitro culture (IVC) on oocyte developmental competence and subsequent embryo development and quality. AC‐CD (100 µM) was added to IVM media, and maturation level and embryo development were examined. Matured oocytes, their cumulus cells and produced blastocysts were snap‐frozen for gene expression analysis by RT‐qPCR. Besides, in vitro‐produced zygotes were cultured with 100 µM of AC‐CD and blastocysts were as well snap‐frozen for gene expression analysis. A group without AC‐CD (control^?) and other with CD (control⁺) were included. No differences were found on maturation, cleavage or blastocyst rates. However, in matured oocytes, AC‐CD downregulated BAX, GPX1 and BMP15. In cumulus cells, AC‐CD downregulated BAX/BCL2 and GSTA4 while upregulated BCL2 and CYP51A1. The expression of SL2A1, FADS1, PNPLA and MTORC1 was downregulated in blastocysts derived from oocytes matured with AC‐CD, while in blastocysts derived from zygote cultured with AC‐CD, CYP51A1 and IGF2R were downregulated and PNPLA2 was upregulated. In conclusion, AC‐CD in both IVM and IVC media may reduce accumulated fat by increasing lipolysis and suppressing lipogenesis in blastocysts derived from both oocytes and zygotes cultured with AC‐CD, suggesting that CD improves the quality of embryos and bioavailability of AC during IVM and IVC.  相似文献   

An approach to study the local embryo effect on gene expression in the bovine oviduct epithelium in vivo     

Beatriz Rodríguez‐Alonso  Meriem Hamdi  Jos María Snchez  Veronica Maillo  Alfonso Gutierrez‐Adan  Pat Lonergan  Dimitrios Rizos 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2019,54(12):1516-1523

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Leaf pruning intensities at flowering of banana (Musa AAA,cv. Grande Naine) did not influence fruit green and yellow life and quality     

Maricruz Ramírez  Marco Vinicio Sáenz  Alfonso Vargas  Mario Araya 《Scientia Horticulturae》2008

This study examined the effects of leaf pruning intensities at flowering on the green and yellow life and fruit quality of bananas (Musa AAA, cv. Grande Naine). The fruit from banana plants that retained 7, 9, 11 and 13 leaves after pruning were packed in carton boxes of 13.7 kg and stored in a cold room at 14 °C for 21 days to simulate transportation conditions. During this period, eight visual evaluations of fruit peel colour were made. Next, fruits were induced to commercial ripening using ethylene at 100 μl/ml. Four evaluations (every 2 days) on fruit firmness, soluble solids, titratable acidity, fruit weight and peel colour were made to assess fruit yellow life. No interaction between evaluations and number of leaves retained was found for pulp firmness, soluble solid percentage, fruit acidity, fruit weight and maturation grade. The fruit green life and peel colour was similar for plants retaining different number of leaves. After the application of ethylene, there were no differences in fruit firmness (P > 0.62), percentage of soluble solids (P > 0.24) nor in the percentage of acidity (P > 0.32). No difference in fruit weight (P > 0.07) and ripening grade (P > 0.17) were observed among plants retaining different number of leaves. The results suggest that in tropical commercial banana plantations, producing for international markets, it is possible to defoliate the banana plants to seven leaves at flowering without causing a reduction on the green and yellow life and quality of fruit.  相似文献