Detection of ceftiofur and oxytetracycline in oral fluids of swine with a pen-side competitive ELISA test after intramuscular injection     

Meiszberg A  Karriker L  Zimmerman J  Irwin C  Coetzee J 《Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics》2011,34(5):515-517

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Equine anthelmintics: survey of the patterns of use, beliefs and attitudes among horse owners in the UK     

Allison K  Taylor NM  Wilsmore AJ  Garforth C 《The Veterinary record》2011,168(18):483

An online survey was conducted to establish horse owners' beliefs, attitudes and practices relating to the use of anthelmintic drugs. Out of a total of 574 respondents, 89 per cent described themselves as 'leisure riders', most of whom took part in a variety of activities including eventing, show jumping, dressage, hunter trials, hunting, driving, endurance and showing. Overall, respondents were generally aware and concerned about the issue of anthelmintic resistance. Less than 60 per cent of all respondents were comfortable with their existing anthelmintic programme, and 25 per cent would like to reduce the use of anthelmintics in their horses. Of all the respondents, 47 per cent used livery, and 49 per cent of those reported that the livery imposed a common anthelmintic programme for horses kept on the premises; 45 per cent of these respondents were not entirely happy with the livery yard's programme. Less than 50 per cent of all respondents included 'veterinary surgeon' among their sources of advice on worming.  相似文献   

Optimization of hydrolytic and oxidative enzyme methods for ecosystem studies     

Donovan P. German  Michael N. Weintraub  Christian L. Lauber  Steven D. Allison 《Soil biology & biochemistry》2011,43(7):1387-1397

Microbial digestive enzymes in soil and litter have been studied for over a half century, yet the understanding of microbial enzymes as drivers of ecosystem processes remains hindered by methodological differences among researchers and laboratories. Modern techniques enable the comparison of enzyme activities from different sites and experiments, but most researchers do not optimize enzyme assay methods for their study sites, and thus may not properly assay potential enzyme activity. In this review, we characterize important procedural details of enzyme assays, and define the steps necessary to properly assay potential enzyme activities in environmental samples. We make the following recommendations to investigators measuring soil enzyme activities: 1) run enzyme assays at the environmental pH and temperature; 2) run proper standards, and if using fluorescent substrates with NaOH addition, use a standard time of 1 min between the addition of NaOH and reading in a fluorometer; 3) run enzyme assays under saturating substrate concentrations to ensure V_max is being measured; 4) confirm that product is produced linearly over the duration of the assay; 5) examine whether mixing during the reaction is necessary to properly measure enzyme activity; 6) find the balance between dilution of soil homogenate and assay variation; and 7) ensure that enzyme activity values are properly calculated. These steps should help develop a unified understanding of enzyme activities in ecosystem ecology.  相似文献   

The local touch     

Yngve A  Tseng M  Haapala I  McNeill G  Hodge A 《Public health nutrition》2011,14(6):943-944

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Improving the quality of meals eaten or prepared outside the home     

Haapala I  Hodge A  McNeill G  Tseng M  Yngve A 《Public health nutrition》2011,14(2):191-192

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Information Literacy Across the Disciplines: Using the Science Information Literacy Wiki as a Collaborative Tool in Agriculture,Natural Resources,and Science Librarianship     

Elizabeth Berman  Allison Level  Maribeth Slebodnik 《Journal Of Agricultural & Food Information》2013,14(1):58-64

The Association of College and Research Libraries (ACRL) Science and Technology Section (STS) wiki was launched in 2008. This article discusses the STS wiki development, content, publicity, and its application across the science disciplines. Information about assessment and future plans for the wiki is also provided. Some of the information included in this article was presented in a panel for the 2010 United States Agricultural Information Network (USAIN) Conference.  相似文献   

Organic Fertilizer Source and Application Method Impact Ammonia Volatilization     

Ghazala M. Erwiha  Jay Ham  Arina Sukor  Allison Wickham 《Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis》2020,51(11):1469-1482

ABSTRACT

Ammonia (NH₃) volatilization from fertilizer applications reduces efficiency and poses environmental hazards. This study used semi-open static chambers to measure NH₃ volatilization from organic fertilizers (feather meal, blood meal, fish emulsion, cyano-fertilizer) to evaluate the impacts of fertilizer source, application method, and rate on NH₃ volatilization. In 2014, two application rates (28 and 56 kg N ha^?1) were applied to lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.). Solid fertilizers (feather meal, blood meal) were preplant applied in a subsurface band, whereas liquid fertilizers (fish emulsion, cyano-fertilizer) were applied weekly through drip irrigation beginning two weeks after transplanting. In 2015, a single application rate (28 kg N ha^?1) was applied to cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.). Solid fertilizers were applied in either subsurface or surface bands. There was a significant difference in NH₃ volatilization among fertilizers, but there was little difference between application rates. Liquid fertilizers had lower NH₃ emissions than solid fertilizers due to their timing and placement. In 2014, blood meal at 56 kg N ha^?1 and feather meal at both rates had the highest NH₃ fluxes. In 2015, surface-banded blood and feather meal had the highest NH₃ fluxes. Fertilizer decisions for organic systems should consider NH₃ emission losses and practices for their reduction.  相似文献   

A review of thermal stress in cattle     

RW Shephard  SK Maloney 《Australian veterinary journal》2023,101(11):417-429

Cattle control body temperature in a narrow range over varying climatic conditions. Endogenous body heat is generated by metabolism, digestion and activity. Radiation is the primary external source of heat transfer into the body of cattle. Cattle homeothermy uses behavioural and physiological controls to manage radiation, convection, conduction, and evaporative exchange of heat between the body and the environment, noting that evaporative mechanisms almost exclusively transfer body heat to the environment. Cattle control radiation by shade seeking (hot) and shelter (cold) and by huddling or standing further apart, noting there are intrinsic breed and age differences in radiative transfer potential. The temperature gradient between the skin and the external environment and wind speed (convection) determines heat transfer by these means. Cattle control these mechanisms by managing blood flow to the periphery (physiology), by shelter-seeking and standing/lying activity in the short term (behaviourally) and by modifying their coats and adjusting their metabolic rates in the longer term (acclimatisation). Evaporative heat loss in cattle is primarily from sweating, with some respiratory contribution, and is the primary mechanism for dissipating excess heat when environmental temperatures exceed skin temperature (~36°C). Cattle tend to be better adapted to cooler rather than hotter external conditions, with Bos indicus breeds more adapted to hotter conditions than Bos taurus. Management can minimise the risk of thermal stress by ensuring appropriate breeds of suitably acclimatised cattle, at appropriate stocking densities, fed appropriate diets (and water), and with access to suitable shelter and ventilation are better suited to their expected farm environment.  相似文献   

The last thing this country needs is another attorney--well, maybe just one more     

T H Allison 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》1988,193(2):181-183

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Evaluation of equine corneal disease using spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD‐OCT)     

Allison Blanchard  Erin M. Barr  Brian C. Gilger 《Veterinary ophthalmology》2019,22(6):791-798

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