Formulation of low-cost fermentative media for lactic acid production with Lactobacillus rhamnosus using vinification lees as nutrients     

Bustos G  Moldes AB  Cruz JM  Domínguez JM 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2004,52(4):801-808

Lees coming from different steps in white wine and red wine vinification were characterized under physicochemical analyses to determine the content in carbon, nitrogen, ashes, solids in suspension, organic compounds, and minerals. Due to the hydrolytic activity of Lactobacillus strains, lees without autolysis treatments were used directly as the unique nutrient or in combination with corn steep liquor to carry out the glucose to lactic acid fermentation with Lactobacillus rhamnosus CECT-288. Time courses of glucose and lactic acid were modeled according to reported models. Using 20 g/L of lees coming from the white wine technology and re-collected after the second decanting step before distillation, as the only nutrient, the values achieved (P = 105.5 g/L, Q(P) = 2.470 g/L.h) were even higher than those obtained with the costly MRS broth (P = 104.3 g/L, Q(P) = 2.251 g/L.h).  相似文献   

Relationship between the characteristics of Mediterranean Red soils and the age of the geomorphological surfaces in central-western Spain     

J. M. García Marcos  F. Santos Frances   《CATENA》1997,28(3-4)

A study was conducted of the Mediterranean Red soils of a region in Central Western Spain with a goal of describing the relationship between their main characteristics and the age of the geomorphic surfaces over which they have developed. The main macromorphological characteristics of the soils were analyzed, with a statistical study of the analytical data on 70 samples of Mediterranean Red soils. The oldest surfaces contain Palexerults and Ultic Palexeralfs, Calcic Rhodoxeralfs, Calcic-vertic Palexeralfs, Typic Rhodoxeralfs, Typic Palexeralfs, Vertic Haploxeralfs and Typic Haploxeralfs have been observed in a chronosequence on terraces of the River Tormes. The soil typology changes with the age of the surfaces, from soils with a sharp textural contrast at the upper limit of the argillaceous horizon, with a dark red very clayey and very thick Bt horizon (on the oldest surface) to not very thick brown soils without a clear clay illuviation and with a lower content in clay (on the youngest surface).The effect of recent erosion on the morphology of the soils located on a single surface has caused new soils to form superimposed on pre-existing soils.  相似文献   

    

Hélène Laparra  Monique Burrus  Reiner Hunold  Brigitte Damm  Ana Maria Bravo-Angel  Roberte Bronner  Günther Hahne 《Euphytica》1955,85(1-3):63-74

Summary Suitable sunflower tissues and cells were transformed either by direct gene transfer into protoplasts, particle bombardment, or Agrobacterium co-culture. While all techniques allowed efficient short-term or transient expression of the introduced gene(s) in the respective tissues, stable transformation was only observed after transformation with Agrobacterium. The latter technique was suitable for the production of transgenic callus from seedling cotyledons and occasional shoots with chimaeric expression of the transgene. Detailed analysis of the interaction of Agrobacterium with this explant showed that infection efficiency was critically dependent on the co-culture conditions, and that the preferentially-transformed cells were not the ones competent for regeneration.Abbreviations BAP benzyl adenine - CAT chloramphenicol acetyl transferase - 2,4-D 2,4-dichloro phenoxy acetic acid - GUS- D-glucuronidase - MS medium according to Murashige & Skoog (1962) - NAA naphthalene acetic acid - NPTII neomycin phospho transferase II - PEG polyethylene glycol - PIG particle inflow gun - SH medium according to Schenk & Hildebrandt (1972)  相似文献   

Articulation of Modes of Production and the Two Circuits of Urban Economy     

Milton Santos 《Asia Pacific viewpoint》1976,17(1):23-36

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Genetic diversity of Argentinean common bean and its evolution during domestication   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

Marta Santalla  M. Carmen Menéndez-Sevillano  Ana B. Monteagudo  Antonio M. De Ron 《Euphytica》2004,135(1):75-87

Wild populations of common bean pertainingto the Andean gene pool are distributedfrom southern Peru to northern Argentina.The objectives of this study were todetermine the genetic structure of Andeanlandraces from northern Argentina, as oneof the potential domestication sites of theAndean domesticated gene pool, and toestablish a correspondence between Andeanprimitive landraces and wild populationsthat might have served as the source ofdomesticated bean. Forty-four landraces and21 wild populations representing thediversity of common bean in northernArgentina were included in this study. Results indicated that Andean gene pool inArgentina has a large genetic base on thebasis of morphological and adaptivevariability and biochemical analysis. Theexistence of introgressed populations withsympatric wild forms was evidenced.  相似文献   

Increasing resistance to Fusarium crown and root rot in asparagus by gametophyte selection     

Ana Clara Pontaroli  Elsa Lucila Camadro 《Euphytica》2001,122(2):343-350

In garden asparagus, Fusarium crown and root rot is the main cause of crop decline. Since chemical treatments are inefficient, efforts should focus on the development of resistant cultivars to control the disease. Toxic culture filtrate (TCF) of F. oxysporum has affected asparagus pollen germination and tube growth. Consequently, gametophyte selection was evaluated to ascertain if the application of selective agents at this level could increase selection efficiency. Two susceptible pistillate plants and one tolerant and one susceptible staminate plants were used in controlled crosses. Before pollination, a drop of a germination vehicle with TCF or without it was applied to the stigmas. Some pollinated pistils were fixed and analyzed by fluorescence microscopy; the rest were left on the plant for seed production. Fifty to 200 seeds were obtained per treatment combination (staminate plant x pistillate plant x pollination vehicle). The derived plantlets were inoculated in vitroand evaluated for disease symptoms. The application of TCF to stigmas reduced pollen germination and tube growth compared with untreated controls,regardless of the genotypic combination. Pollen germination and tube growth was poorer for the tolerant staminate genotype than for the susceptible one. When the TCF was applied, the number of seeds per pollination in comparison with the controls diminished only when the susceptible genotype was the pollinator. The percentage of affected root area of the progenies obtained after applying the TCF was lower than in the controls only when the tolerant genotype was the pollinator. Increasing Fusarium resistance in asparagus by means of gametophyte selection seems feasible. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

Genetic progress after four cycles of recurrent selection for yield and grain traits in common bean     

Magno Antonio Patto Ramalho  Ângela de Fátima Barbosa Abreu  João Bosco dos Santos 《Euphytica》2005,144(1-2):23-29

The objective of this study was to evaluate the genetic progress after four cycles of recurrent selection in common bean. The base segregating population was obtained from 10 parents, and derived the S_0:1 and S_0:2 families that were evaluated. The S_0:3 families with higher grain yield and grain color, like the standard carioca were selected, and were intercrossed to generate the population of the following cycle. This process was repeated for four cycles. The best families were evaluated in each cycle by many generations and locations, and the five best lines of each cycle were identified. The 20 lines thus obtained were evaluated in two growing seasons, sown in July and November 2002. The grain yield (kg/ha) and grain type (scale of scores) were evaluated. Genetic progress was confirmed for both traits. The mean annual gain with selection for the grain type was 10.5% and 5.7% for grain yield, with no evidence of variability reduction in the population. These results show that recurrent selection is a good alternative for improving common bean quantitative traits.  相似文献   

Morphological characterization of kale populations from northwestern Spain     

María Elena Cartea  Ana Picoaga  Pilar Soengas  Amando Ordás 《Euphytica》2003,129(1):25-32

Crops belonging to the genus Brassicaare widely grown in Galicia (northwesternSpain). Kales (Brassica oleracea L.convar. acephala (DC.) Alef.) are oneof the most important Brassica cropsin this region where landraces aretraditionally grown by farmers on smallplots for either human or animal food.Fifteen kale populations from northwesternSpain were evaluated in two locations andtwo planting dates (early and late). Theobjectives were i) to study theirmorphological diversity, ii) to determinetheir relationships, and iii) to evaluatetheir morphological and agronomiccharacteristics that could be incorporatedto breeding programs in the future.Significant differences were found amongpopulations for all traits while genotype ×environment interaction was not significantfor most of them. Cluster and principalcomponent analysis were performed todetermine relationships among landraces andto obtain information on the usefulness ofthe characters for the definition ofgroups. The phenogram showed five groups,two groups including most of thepopulations and three small independentgroups. Groups of landraces were associatedwith the geographical origin and withmorphological differences amongpopulations, mainly with the length oftheir vegetative phase: north and earlypopulations (cluster A) and south and latepopulations (cluster B). Morphologicaldiversity was higher in coastal populationsthan in inland populations. As conclusion,the populations evaluated in this workdisplay a wide diversity of traits whichenable us to select and combine someinteresting landraces for important traitsin order to obtain improved varieties.  相似文献   

Genotype selection by REML/BLUP methodology in a segregating population from an interspecific Passiflora spp. crossing     

Eileen Azevedo Santos  Alexandre Pio Viana  Josie Cloviane de Oliveira Freitas  Daniele Lima Rodrigues  Rulfe Ferreira Tavares  Claudia Lougon Paiva  Margarete Magalhães Souza 《Euphytica》2015,202(1):1-11

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Firm Innovation and Co‐Location in Portugal          下载免费PDF全文

Ana Paula Faria  Natália Barbosa  Vasco Eiriz 《Growth and change》2015,46(4):574-592

This paper investigates the geographical distribution and concentration of firms’ innovation persistence and innovation type (product and process) based on three waves of the Portuguese Community Innovation Survey data covering the period 1998–2006. The main findings are: 1) both innovation persistence and innovation type are asymmetrically distributed across Portuguese regions, 2) the degree of correlation between geographical location and innovative output varies with the innovation type, and 3) the correlation between geographical unit and innovation increases when the spatial unit of analysis is narrower. The results suggest that the firms’ choices of geographical location have a long‐lasting effect, engendering no equal probabilities of being persistently innovative.  相似文献