Effects of 12 and 17 cmH2O positive end-expiratory pressure applied after alveolar recruitment maneuver on pulmonary gas exchange and compliance in isoflurane-anesthetized horses     

Felipe SRM. Andrade  Lara L. Facó  Keila K. Ida  Luis CLC. Silva  Denise T. Fantoni  Aline M. Ambrósio 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2019,46(1):64-73

Objective

To compare static compliance (C_st) and alveolar–arterial oxygen tension difference [P(a–a)O₂] between positive end-expiratory pressures (PEEP) of 7, 12 and 17 cmH₂O applied after an alveolar recruitment maneuver (RM) in isoflurane-anesthetized horses.

Study design

Prospective, randomized, clinical study.

Animals

A group of 30 healthy adult horses undergoing arthroscopic surgery.

Methods

Animals in dorsal recumbency and mechanically ventilated with a tidal volume of 14 mL kg^?1 and 7 cmH₂O PEEP (control; n = 6) were subjected to an RM by increasing PEEP from 7 to 22 cmH₂O in 5 cmH₂O increments at 5 minute intervals, and then decreased similarly to PEEP of 17 (RM17; n = 8), 12 (RM12; n = 8) or 7 cmH₂O (RM7; n = 8). C_st and P(a–a)O₂ were assessed prior to (baseline) and after the RM at 5, 10, 15, 20, 40, 60 and 80 minutes after achieving each target PEEP, and during recovery from anesthesia.

Results

Post-RM improvements on P(a–a)O₂ were maintained (baseline versus 80 minutes) in RM12 [216 ± 77 mmHg (28.8 ± 10.3 kPa) versus 194 ± 39 mmHg (25.9 ± 5.2 kPa)] and RM17 [180 ± 86 mmHg (24.0 ± 11.6 kPa) versus 136 ± 75 mmHg [18.2 ± 10.0 kPa]). The improvements on C_st were maintained only in RM12 (0.80 ± 0.13 versus 0.98 ± 0.13 mL cmH₂O^?1 kg^?1). No such improvements were observed in RM7 and control. No significant differences were observed between groups during recovery from anesthesia.

Conclusions

and clinical relevance The 12 and 17 cmH₂O PEEP can be used to maintain the improvements on P(a–a)O₂ obtained after an RM. Only 12 cmH₂O PEEP maintained the post-RM increase on C_st. Such variables were not influenced by the 7 cmH₂O PEEP.  相似文献   

Organic additives used in beef cattle feedlot: Effects on metabolic parameters and animal performance     

Rhaony Gonalves Leite  Elider Prates Romanzini  Lutti Maneck Delevatti  Alvair Hoffmann  Adriana Cristina Ferrari  Andr Pastori D'Aurea  Lauriston Bertelli Fernandes  Amanda Prates Oliveira  Ricardo Andrade Reis 《Animal Science Journal》2019,90(5):628-636

Organic additives are recently being used in animal diets owing to their ability to control metabolic issues and result in better animal performance. Specifically, the organic additive Fator P^® presents an additional advantage that is to cause a lesser greenhouse gas emission. This study evaluated whether Fator P^® intake changes ruminal parameters or animal performance of beef cattle. Evaluations were carried out in a feedlot experiment divided into growing (46 days; two diets [control mix—CM and standard mix—SM] and finishing (lasted 83 days; four diets: CM, SM, Fator P^® + virginiamycin, and Fator P^® alone [FP]) trials. Animal performance study involved 48 animals allocated to 12 collective pens in completely randomized experimental design. Ruminal parameters were evaluated in separate metabolism study developed carried out using individual pen with four steers. During growing trial, FP diet resulted in higher (p < 0.05) dry matter intake (DMI) and ruminating time. In the finishing trial, diets containing Fator P^® resulted in higher DMI than obtained with CM. Most of the ruminal parameters did not differ (p > 0.05) among dietary treatments. Therefore, Fator P^® represents a viable and safe strategy for supplementation to beef cattle finished using high‐concentrate diet in feedlot systems.  相似文献   

Carcass characteristics and meat quality of sheep fed alfalfa hay to replace Bermuda grass hay     

da Silva  José Ricardo Coelho  de Carvalho  Francisco Fernando Ramos  de Andrade Fereira  Marcelo  de Souza  Evaristo Jorge Oliveira  Maciel  Maria Inês Sucupira  Barreto  Lígia Maria Gomes  Lopes  Levi Auto  Cordeiro  Eduardo Henrique Araújo  Véras  Antonia Sherlânea Chaves 《Tropical animal health and production》2019,51(8):2455-2463

Tropical Animal Health and Production - The objective of this study was to evaluate carcass characteristics, meat quality, and organ and viscera weight of forty male sheep, not castrated, initially...  相似文献   

Intranasal Osteosarcoma in a Dog—A Case Report     

Gabriela Noronha de Toledo  Pamela Rodrigues Reina Moreira  Daniele Santos Rolemberg  Andréia Coutinho Facin  Julio Edward Hough Monteiro  Mareliza Possa de Menezes  Maria Eduarda Bastos Andrade Moutinho da Conceição  Felipe Augusto Ruiz Sueiro  Rosemeri de Oliveira Vasconcelos  Paola de Castro Moraes  Mirela Tinucci Costa  Andrigo Barboza de Nardi 《Topics in companion animal medicine》2018,33(2):35-39

Osteosarcoma is the most commonly reported bone tumor in dogs, typically affecting the axial and appendicular skeleton. Involvement of the paranasal sinuses and the nasal cavity is extremely rare. This report describes a 6-year-old, female, cross-breed dog presented with signs of 90 days duration and diagnosed with a mass located in the right nasal cavity. Radiography, rhinoscopy, and computed tomography findings suggested the presence of an intranasal tumor. Osteosarcoma in the nasal cavity was diagnosed based on histopathological examination and clinical and imaging findings. Survival time was 12 months from diagnosis.  相似文献   

Comparison between magnetic resonance imaging,computed tomography,and arthrography to identify artificially induced cartilage defects of the equine carpal joints          下载免费PDF全文

José Suarez Sanchez‐Andrade  Henning Richter  Karolin Kuhn  Andrea S. Bischofberger  Patrick R. Kircher  Séamus Hoey 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2018,59(3):312-325

While articular cartilage changes are considered to be one of the initial events in the pathological cascade leading to osteoarthritis, these changes remain difficult to detect using conventional diagnostic imaging modalities such as plain radiography. The aim of this prospective, experimental, methods comparison study was to compare the sensitivity of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), magnetic resonance arthrography, computed tomography (CT), and CT arthrography in the detection of artificially induced articular cartilage defects in the equine carpal joints. Defects were created in the antebrachiocarpal and middle carpal joint using curettage by a board‐certified equine surgeon. Normal articular cartilage thickness varied from a maximum of 1.22 mm at the level of the distal aspect of the radius to a minimum of 0.17 mm in the proximal articular surface of the third carpal bone. Regarding cartilaginous defect measurements the remaining cartilaginous bed range from a maximum of 0.776 mm in the partial thickness defects, and 0 mm (defect reaches the subchondral bone) when total thickness defect were made. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging were performed followed by CT arthrography and magnetic resonance arthrography after antebrachiocarpal and middle carpal intraarticular contrast administration. All images were reviewed by two board‐certified veterinary radiologists, both of whom were blinded to the location, presence of, and thickness of the cartilage defects. A total number of 72 lesions in nine limbs were created. Mean sensitivity for localizing cartilage defects varied between imaging modalities with CT arthrography showing the best sensitivity (69.9%), followed by magnetic resonance arthrography (53.5%), MRI (33.3%), and CT (18.1%) respectively. The addition of contrast arthrography in both magnetic resonance and CT improved the rate of cartilage lesion detection although no statistical significance was found. Computed tomographic arthrography displayed the best sensitivity for detecting articular cartilage defects in the equine antebrachiocarpal and middle‐carpal joints, compared to magnetic resonance arthrography, MRI, and CT.  相似文献   

Trichinella: differing effects of antigens from encapsulated and non-encapsulated species on in vitro nitric oxide production     

Andrade MA  Siles-Lucas M  López-Abán J  Nogal-Ruiz JJ  Pérez-Arellano JL  Martínez-Fernández AR  Muro A 《Veterinary parasitology》2007,143(1):86-90

Trichinellosis is a cosmopolitan zoonotic disease affecting a wide variety of animals, including man. Non-encapsulated and encapsulated species diverge with respect to their developmental strategies. Little is known at the molecular level about parasite-derived mediators responsible for host muscle cell transformation occurring during trichinellosis. In this context, host-parasite relationships in Trichinella-infected animals could be related to different host-immune and cell mediators, e.g. nitric oxide (NO). Here, we investigate the stimulatory/inhibitory role of L1 antigens from four encapsulated (T. spiralis, T. britovi, T. nelsoni and T. nativa) and one non-encapsulated (T. pseudospiralis) Trichinella species on NO production from rat macrophages in vitro. Our results demonstrate that encapsulated and non-encapsulated Trichinella species differ in their capacity to stimulate the secretion of NO from host macrophages. Biological significance of these differences should be further assessed in the available experimental models.  相似文献   

A 100,000-year periodicity in the accretion rate of interplanetary dust     

SJ Kortenkamp  SF Dermott 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1998,280(5365):874-876

Numerical modeling of the orbital evolution of interplanetary dust particles revealed that, over the past 1.2 million years, the rate of accretion of dust by Earth has varied by a factor of 2 to 3. These variations display a 100,000-year periodicity and are anticorrelated with Earth's changing orbital eccentricity. Extraterrestrial helium-3 concentrations in a deep-sea sediment core display a similar periodicity but are 50,000 years out of phase with the predicted variations. Also, because collisions between large bodies in the asteroid belt are inevitable, it is expected that large-amplitude stochastic variations on 10(7)- to 10(8)-year time scales would be superimposed on the 10(5)-year periodic variations.  相似文献   

Effects of Recent Human Colonization on the Presence of Mercury in Amazonian Ecosystems     

Roulet  M.  Lucotte  M.  Farella  N.  Serique  G.  Coelho  H.  Sousa Passos  C. J.  de Jesus da Silva  E.  Scavone de Andrade  P.  Mergler  D.  Guimarães  J.-R. D.  Amorim  M. 《Water, air, and soil pollution》1999,112(3-4):297-313

Three Hg sources were characterised and mass balance calculations were used to determine their relative contributions to the contamination of the Amazonian environment. About an order of magnitude more Hg is emitted to the atmosphere by goldmining activity than by the burning of forest biomass. However, anthropogenic atmospheric Hg cannot account for the high Hg burdens found in terrestrial ecosystems: deposition of Hg from goldmining sources is estimated to account for less than 3% of the Hg present in the surface horizons of soils. We propose that erosion of deforested soils following human colonization constitutes a major disturbance of the natural Hg cycle. Deforestation thus increases soil Hg mobilisation by runoff, which may explain the increase of Hg burdens in Amazonian aquatic ecosystems in newly colonized watersheds.  相似文献   

SPRINKMOD – pressure and discharge simulation model for pressurized irrigation systems. 3. Sensitivity to lateral hydraulic parameters and leakage     

C. de L. T. de Andrade  R. G. Allen  R. D. Wells 《Irrigation Science》1999,18(3):157-161

A computer model, SPRINKMOD, was tested with field data collected from a simple sprinkler irrigation system in operation. The original data for laterals and the amount and way leakage is considered were modified to evaluate the model sensitivity. The model predicted the pump station flow rate within 2% and the pump station pressure head within 5% with the original data collected. For this irrigation system, no practical effect was observed in the system operating point by changing the lateral pipe characteristics, lateral leakage amount and distribution, lateral pipe roughness and lateral local loss coefficient for flow past a riser outlet. The amount of leakage had more effect on the model simulation of pressure heads than the way leakage was considered, localized or distributed along the laterals. The use of a variable local loss coefficient, K _r, along the 350-m hand-move laterals had a negligible effect on both system operating point and distribution of pressure heads along the laterals. Received: 14 February 1998  相似文献   

The effects of tank colours on the growth and survival of cuttlefish (Sepia officinalis,Linnaeus 1758) hatchlings and juveniles     

António V Sykes  Pedro M Domingues  Lorenzo Márquez  José P Andrade 《Aquaculture Research》2011,42(3):441-449

The effects of different tank colours (white, yellow sandy and black) on the growth, mortality and biomass production were studied for hatchling and early juvenile cuttlefish. For hatchlings, the use of different colour tanks did not promote differences in growth due to the higher variability (standard deviation) found in the white‐ and sand‐coloured tanks. Black tanks promoted the lowest and highest values for total mortality and biomass respectively. For juveniles, the use of different tank colours promoted different growth (P<0.05), but not mortality. Black tanks promoted the best results in terms of growth and biomass. The results obtained in the present study advise the use of black (or dark colour) tanks in the hatchling and early juvenile stages to reduce the standard deviations associated with growth, mortality and biomass production. This will contribute to minimize problems associated with slow and fast growers and competition.  相似文献