Effect of tulathromycin on the carrier status of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae serotype 2 in the tonsils of pigs     

Angen Ø  Andreasen M  Nielsen EO  Stockmarr A  Baekbo P 《The Veterinary record》2008,163(15):445-447

The effect of a single or double dose of tulathromycin was evaluated in pigs carrying Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae serotype 2 in their tonsils. Twenty-nine pigs from a reinfected specific pathogen-free-herd were selected from animals testing positive in an A pleuropneumoniae serotype 2-specific pcr test on tonsil scrapings and they were divided into three groups. The pigs in group 1 were treated subcutaneously with 2.5 mg/kg tulathromycin on day 0, the pigs in group 2 were treated with 2.5 mg/kg tulathromycin on days 0 and 4, and the pigs in group 3 were left untreated as controls. The pigs were tested by pcr on tonsil scrapings on days 0, 4, 11 and 33, and on day 33 all the animals were euthanased. There were no significant differences between the numbers of PCR-positive animals in the three groups on any of the sampling dates.  相似文献   

Modeling the Exchanges of Energy, Water, and Carbon Between Continents and the Atmosphere   总被引：19，自引：0，他引：19  

PJ Sellers  RE Dickinson  DA Randall  AK Betts  FG Hall  JA Berry  GJ Collatz  AS Denning  HA Mooney  CA Nobre  N Sato  CB Field  A Henderson-Sellers 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1997,275(5299):502-509

Atmospheric general circulation models used for climate simulation and weather forecasting require the fluxes of radiation, heat, water vapor, and momentum across the land-atmosphere interface to be specified. These fluxes are calculated by submodels called land surface parameterizations. Over the last 20 years, these parameterizations have evolved from simple, unrealistic schemes into credible representations of the global soil-vegetation-atmosphere transfer system as advances in plant physiological and hydrological research, advances in satellite data interpretation, and the results of large-scale field experiments have been exploited. Some modern schemes incorporate biogeochemical and ecological knowledge and, when coupled with advanced climate and ocean models, will be capable of modeling the biological and physical responses of the Earth system to global change, for example, increasing atmospheric carbon dioxide.  相似文献   

A longitudinal study of serological patterns of respiratory infections in nine infected Danish swine herds     

Andreasen M  Nielsen JP  Baekbo P  Willeberg P  Bøtner A 《Preventive veterinary medicine》2000,45(3-4):221-235

Sixteen litters of seven pigs from each of nine Danish farrow-to-finish herds were followed to investigate the serological patterns caused by natural infection with Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, Pasteurella multocida toxin and Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae serotypes 2, 5–7, 12. In seven of the herds, pigs were followed as two separate cohorts started 4 weeks apart, and in two herds only one cohort was followed.

A total of 999 pigs were included in the study. The pigs were blood sampled at weaning and subsequently every fourth week until slaughter. All pigs were examined for antibodies against M. hyopneumoniae (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay), P. multocida toxin (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) and A. pleuropneumoniae serotypes 2, 5–7, 12 (complement-fixation tests). The most-common pattern (28%) of seroconversion was that of pigs first seroconverting to A. pleuropneumoniae serotype 2, followed by seroconversion to M. hyopneumoniae. Each herd had a dominant serotype of A. pleuropneumoniae to which most pigs seroconverted. Seroconversion to the respiratory pathogens occurred mainly in the growing-to-finishing units (8–24 weeks). The risk of seroconversion to the P. multocida toxin was very low (<20%) and occurred late.

None, four and seven herds tested seropositive to PRRS and to swine influenza virus subtypes H3N2 and H1N1, respectively, when testing 10 pigs per herd (selected randomly among the study pigs) at the age of 20 weeks.  相似文献   

Parasite population dynamics in pigs infected with Trichuris suis and Oesophagostomum dentatum     

Heidi Huus Petersen  Annette Andreasen  Helene Kringel  Allan Roepstorff  Stig M. Thamsborg 《Veterinary parasitology》2014,199(1-2):73-80

The aim of the present study was to investigate the population dynamics and potential interactions between Trichuris suis and Oesophagostomum dentatum in experimentally co-infected pigs, by quantification of parasite parameters such as egg excretion, worm recovery and worm location. Forty-eight helminth naïve pigs were allocated into four groups. Group O was inoculated with 20 O. dentatum L₃/kg/day and Group T with 10 T. suis eggs/kg/day. Group OT was inoculated with both 20 O. dentatum L₃/kg/day and 10 T. suis eggs/kg/day, while Group C was kept as an uninfected control group. All inoculations were trickle infections administered twice weekly and were continued until slaughter. Faecal samples were collected from the rectum of all pigs at day 0, and twice weekly from 2 to 9 weeks post first infection (wpi). Six pigs from each group were necropsied 5 wpi and the remaining 6 pigs from each group were necropsied 10 wpi. The faecal egg counts (FEC) and total worm burdens of O. dentatum were dramatically influenced by the presence of T. suis, with significantly lower mean FECs and worm burdens at 5 and 10 wpi compared to single infected pigs. Furthermore, in the presence of T. suis we found that O. dentatum was located more posteriorly in the gut. The changes in the Trichuris population were less prominent, but faecal egg counts, worm counts 5 wpi (57% recovered vs. 39%) and the proportion of infected animals at 10 wpi were higher in Group OT compared to Group T. The location of T. suis was unaffected by the presence of O. dentatum. These results indicate an antagonistic interaction between T. suis and O. dentatum which is dominated by T. suis.  相似文献   

Fungal arthritis due to infection by Candida famata in a horse     

CB RILEY  JV YOVICH  JP ROBERTSON  FL O''HARA 《Australian veterinary journal》1992,69(3):65-66

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The role of procaine in adverse reactions to procaine penicillin in horses     

CB CHAPMAN  P COURAGE  IL NIELSEN†  BR SITARAM  PJ HUNTINGTON‡ 《Australian veterinary journal》1992,69(6):129-133

Procaine penicillin is a commonly used antibiotic in equine medicine but its use is associated with a substantial incidence of adverse reactions. Soluble procaine concentrations were determined by HPLC in several commercially available procaine penicillin preparations, including some that were involved in adverse reactions. The mean (+/- SEM) soluble procaine concentrations in the veterinary preparations was 20.18 +/- 5.07 mg/ml, which was higher than the concentration in the only procaine penicillin preparation for use in humans in Australia of 7.3 mg/ml. Heating the veterinary procaine penicillin preparations to 50 degrees C for 1 day led to a significant (P less than 0.01) increase in the amount of soluble procaine. Heating to 50 degrees C for 7 days also produced a significant (P less than 0.02) increase. Soluble procaine tended to return to baseline concentrations when veterinary procaine penicillin preparations were heated to 50 degrees C for 2 days then stored for 7 days at room temperature. Administration of procaine HCl intravenously (IV) at 2, 5, and 10 mg/kg produced behavioural, locomotor and vascular reactions, which were clinically similar to those reported in adverse reactions to procaine penicillin. The more severe reactions occurred at higher doses, although different horses responded variably at the same dose. Some adverse reactions lead to recumbency but none were fatal. The blood procaine concentrations 1 min after IV administration averaged 19.0 +/- 12.6 and 25.3 +/- 16 micrograms/ml at 2.5 mg/kg and 5 mg/kg, respectively. Ten min after administration, blood procaine concentrations were significantly higher (P less than 0.001) in the 5 mg/kg group than in the 2.5 mg/kg group. Intramuscular (IM) procaine HCl at 5 mg/kg produced significantly lower (P less than 0.001) blood concentrations than similar IV doses, and, in contrast to the IV doses, the amount of procaine in the blood was significantly higher 5 and 10 min after administration than it was after 1 min. Mild excitatory reactions in 4/5 horses were noted 5 to 10 min after IM administration. Administration of diazepam 20 s before procaine HCl prevented the excitatory adverse reaction in 2/2 horses, but administration after the procaine did not influence the outcome.  相似文献   

Intestinal adenocarcinoma of the ileocecal junction in a chicken.     

J R Andreasen  C B Andreasen 《Avian diseases》1992,36(3):799-802

An 89-week-old male chicken was presented with signs of depression, emaciation, and weakness. At necropsy, a stricture was found at the ileocecal junction that resulted in blockage and dilation of the ileum proximal to the stricture. Histologically, neoplastic epithelial cells that contained mucin had invaded the intestinal wall and produced a fibrous connective tissue reaction. The lesion was diagnosed as scirrhous intestinal adenocarcinoma.  相似文献   

Bilateral hypoplasia of the soft palate in a foal     

CB RILEY  JV YOVICH  JR BOLTON 《Australian veterinary journal》1991,68(5):178-179

Bilateral hypoplasia of the soft palate and aspiration pneumonia occurred in a Standardbred foal. The filly was presented with a history of illthrift, dyspnoea, coughing and bilateral nasal discharge. Abnormal sounds (crackels and wheezes) were auscultated over all lung fields and the cervical trachea. Endoscopy revealed a shortened soft palate with a uvula-like mass protruding from the free border into the nasopharynx. Mucopurulent material was present in the trachea. Samples obtained by tracheal wash were submitted for cytology, culture and sensitivity testing. Results indicated a septic inflammatory process. On lateral radiographs of the thorax there were patchy areas of consolidation and air bronchograms. The foal was euthanased. Necropsy confirmed the presence of a palatal defect and aspiration pneumonia of moderate severity. No other congenital abnormalities were present.  相似文献   

Unilateral papular dermatitis in a horse     

TLW ROTHWELL  CB BIRCH 《Australian veterinary journal》1991,68(3):122-123

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Evaluation of the use of subcutaneous implantable vascular access ports in feline blood donors     

Morrison JA  Lauer SK  Baldwin CJ  Evans RB  Andreasen CB  Kinyon JM  Swanson E 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》2007,230(6):855-861

OBJECTIVE:To compare the ease and effects of collecting blood from cats by use of subcutaneous totally implantable vascular access ports (VAPs) with collection via conventional jugular phlebotomy. DESIGN: Prospective randomized experimental study. ANIMALS: 8 healthy cats. PROCEDURES: Cats in the port group (n = 4) underwent monthly blood donation by use of VAPs and manual restraint, and cats in the nonport group (4) underwent monthly blood donation by use of conventional jugular phlebotomy and sedation, for 6 months. RESULTS: Postsurgical VAP-related complications developed in 3 cats and included port erosion (n = 1), disconnection of the port from the catheter (1), and seroma formation (1). Blood was successfully collected 24 of 24 and 20 of 20 times in the nonport and port groups, respectively. Results of bacterial culture of blood were negative in 22 of 24 and 15 of 20 nonport and port collections, respectively. No differences in RBC morphology were observed between groups. Mean blood collection and total donation times were significantly longer for the nonport group. Collection time was more variable in the nonport group, and cats were less tolerant of handling during venipuncture, compared with cats in the port group. Blood collection required a mean of 2.4 persons for the nonport group and 2.1 persons for the port group. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Positive results for blood collections via VAPs were increased donor acceptance, decreased number of personnel required, and decreased collection time. Drawbacks included contamination of blood products and port-related complications.  相似文献