The National Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring System (NARMS) for enteric bacteria, 1996-1999: surveillance for action   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Marano NN  Rossiter S  Stamey K  Joyce K  Barrett TJ  Tollefson LK  Angulo FJ 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》2000,217(12):1829-1830

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Effects of a Progesterone‐Based Oestrous Synchronization Protocol in 51‐ to 57‐Day Postpartum High‐Producing Dairy Cows     

I Garcia‐Ispierto  F Lpez‐Gatius  G Bech‐Sbat  JL Yniz  E Angulo  C Maris  S Floc&#x;h  A Martino 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2010,45(5):e168-e173

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of applying a progesterone‐based oestrous synchronization protocol at 51–57 days postpartum in high‐producing dairy cows. The data analysed were derived from 1345 lactating cows. Cows between 51 and 57 days postpartum were assigned to the groups: control, PRID (receiving a progesterone‐releasing intravaginal device for 9 days, and prostaglandin F_2α 24 h before PRID removal) or GnRH–PRID (the same as the PRID group plus GnRH at PRID insertion). Oestrus was detected by using pedometers and confirmed by examination of the genital tract at AI. Oestrous and conception rates before days 71–77 postpartum, pregnancy loss in early pregnant cows or the cumulative conception rate registered on day 120 postpartum were considered as the dependent variables in four consecutive logistic regression analyses. Based on the odds ratios, the oestrous rate increased by a factor of 1.73 in cows showing oestrus before treatment for each unit increase in the number of previous oestruses; decreased by a factor of 0.44 in the control group with respect to the treatment groups; and by a factor of 0.61 in cows without luteal structures at treatment with respect to cows with corpora lutea. The conception rates of cows inseminated before days 71–77 postpartum remained similar across the groups, whereas the likelihood of pregnancy loss for cows becoming pregnant during this period was 0.11 times lower in the PRID group than in the control. Based on the odds ratio, the likelihood of a higher cumulative conception rate on day 120 postpartum: increased in cows showing oestrus before treatment by a factor of 1.41 for each unit increase in the number of previous oestruses, was reduced 0.56‐fold in control cows compared with treated cows, and was also reduced by a factor of 0.98 for each kilogram of milk production increase recorded at treatment. In conclusion, although oestrous synchronization programmes performed in this study did not improve fertility, cows treated with progesterone could be inseminated earlier than untreated cows, such that the treatments increased the cumulative pregnancy rates determined on day 120 postpartum. In addition, fewer pregnancy losses were observed in early pregnant cows in the PRID group than the GnRH–PRID group.  相似文献   

Two mortality events in sea-caged yellowtail kingfish Seriola lalandi Valenciennes, 1833 (Nannopercidae) from Western Australia     

FJ Stephens  A Savage 《Australian veterinary journal》2010,88(10):414-416

In November 2008 a commercial sea-cage operator farming yellowtail kingfish, Seriola lalandi, in Western Australia reported more than 70% mortality of the sea-caged fish. Several parasites and potentially pathogenic bacteria were isolated from the fish, but despite a detailed laboratory investigation the cause of the mortality event was never ascertained. That episode of deaths was followed in January 2009 by a smaller mortality event in fish in a sea cage that had been stocked several weeks earlier. Pathogens similar to those seen in the first mortality event were isolated, but again a single causative agent could not be identified. Multiple stress factors resulting in immunosuppression may have precipitated the mortality events.  相似文献   

Extensive Rostral Mandibulectomy for Treatment of Ameloblastoma in a Horse     

Jose L. Mendez‐Angulo DVM  MS  Diplomate ACVS  Dane M. Tatarniuk DVM  Indalecio Ruiz DVM  PhD  Nicolas Ernst DVM  MS  Diplomate ACVS 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2014,43(2):222-226

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Identification of Apoptotic Bodies in Equine Semen     

AB Caselles  A Miro‐Moran  A Morillo Rodriguez  JM Gallardo Bolaños  C Ortega‐Ferrusola  GM Salido  FJ Peña  JA Tapia  IM Aparicio 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2014,49(2):254-262

Apoptosis in the testis is required to ensure an efficient spermatogenesis. However, sometimes, defective germ cells that are marked for elimination during this process escape elimination in the testes, giving rise to ejaculates with increased percentages of abnormal and apoptotic spermatozoa and a high percentage of apoptotic bodies. Apoptosis markers in the ejaculate have been associated with low fertility, either in animals or humans. Therefore, the goal of this study was to investigate whether fresh equine semen contains apoptotic bodies [initially named Merocyanine 540 (M540) bodies] and to study the relationship between the quantity of these bodies and cell concentration, the volume of ejaculate, viability and motility. Moreover, we also studied whether the presence apoptotic bodies in fresh semen was related to the resistance of the stallion spermatozoa to being incubated at 37°C or being frozen and thawed. Fresh equine semen was stained with fluorescent dyes such as M540 and Annexin‐V. Active Caspase 3 was studied in fresh semen through Western blotting and immunofluorescence with a specific antibody. Sperm kinematics was assessed in fresh, incubated and thawed samples using computer‐assisted semen analysis, and viability was evaluated with the LIVE/DEAD Sperm Viability Kit. Overall, our results demonstrate for the first time the presence of apoptotic bodies in equine semen. The quantity of apoptotic bodies was highly variable among stallions and was positively correlated with Caspase 3 activity in fresh samples and negatively correlated with the viability and motility of stallion spermatozoa after the cryopreservation process.  相似文献   

Effect of Overnight Staining on the Quality of Flow Cytometric Sorted Stallion Sperm: Comparison with Tradtitional Protocols     

CM Balao da Silva  C Ortega Ferrusola  JM Gallardo Bolaños  M Plaza Dávila  P Martín‐Muñoz  JM Morrell  H Rodriguez Martínez  FJ Peña 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2014,49(6):1021-1027

Flow cytometry is considered the only reliable method for the separation of X and Y chromosome bearing spermatozoa in equines. The MoFlo SX DP sorter is highly efficient, allowing the production of foals of the desired sex. However, to achieve acceptable pregnancy rates the currently used protocol requires working with fresh semen obtained close to, or at, the sorting facility. An alternative protocol was tested during two consecutive breeding seasons. Fresh stallion semen was cooled for 20 h, during which staining with Hoechst 33342 took place. On the following day, this sample was flow sorted and compared with spermatozoa from the same ejaculate that had been sexed on the previous day. All sperm parameters evaluated remained unchanged when fresh sorted and refrigerated sorted semen were compared. Pre‐sorting storage at 5°C did not alter sperm velocities nor kinetics, viability or membrane permeability, production of reactive oxygen species, mitochondrial membrane potential or DNA fragmentation index of the sorted sample. The findings open for the possibility of using semen from stallions housed far from the sorting facilities. Processed and stained sperm could be shipped refrigerated on the previous day, sorted and inseminated on the next day.  相似文献   

Standing Laparoscopic Peritoneal Flap Hernioplasty of the Vaginal Rings does not Modify the Sperm Production and Motility Characteristics in Intact Male Horses     

LA Gracia‐Calvo  LJ Ezquerra  M Martín‐Cuervo  ME Durán  H Tapio  JM Gallardo  FJ Peña  C Ortega‐Ferrusola 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2014,49(6):1043-1048

Laparoscopic hernioplasty techniques have been developed in the recent years to avoid the recurrence of inguinal hernias and to spare the testicles for breeding purposes in stallions. However, there have been no previous comprehensive and systematic studies of the reproductive outcomes and prognoses for stallions after inguinal hernioplasty. Therefore, the objective of this study was to assess the possible effects of one of these techniques (standing laparoscopic peritoneal flap hernioplasty) on the sperm production and motility characteristics of six healthy stallions that received this procedure based on 1‐year follow‐ups. There were no significant differences in the measured sperm variables (assessments based on the DSO, MOT, PMOT, VSL, VCL and VAP) during 1‐year follow‐ups.  相似文献   

Diffuse Extreme-Ultraviolet Emission from the Coma Cluster: Evidence for Rapidly Cooling Gases at Submegakelvin Temperatures     

R Lieu  JPD Mittaz  S Bowyer  JO Breen  FJ Lockman  EM Murphy  C Hwang 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1996,274(5291):1335-1338

The central region of the Coma cluster of galaxies was observed in the energy band from 0.065 to 0.245 kiloelectron volts by the Deep Survey telescope aboard the Extreme Ultraviolet Explorer. A diffuse emission halo of angular diameter approximately 30 arc minutes was detected. The extreme-ultraviolet (EUV) emission level exceeds that expected from the x-ray temperature gas in Coma. This halo suggests the presence of two more phases in the emitting gas, one at a temperature of approximately 2 x 10(6) kelvin and the other at approximately 8 x 10(5) kelvin. The latter phase cools rapidly and, in steady state, would have produced cold matter with a mass of approximately 10(14) solar masses within the EUV halo. Although a similar EUV enhancement was discovered in the Virgo cluster, this detection in Coma applies to a noncooling flow system.  相似文献   

Feeding of yeast(Candida spp.) improves in vitro ruminal fermentation of fibrous substrates     

Yoandra Marrero  Yamicela Castillo  Oscar Ruiz  Eduviges Burrola  Claudio Angulo 《中国农业科学(英文版)》2015,(3):514-519

In vitro gas production technique(IVGPT) was used with the objective of determining the inclusion effect of live cells of two strains of Candida yeast on in vitro ruminal fermentation of two fibrous substrates. In order to achieve this, two experiments were performed: A) using oat straw(Avena sativa) as substrate; B) using alfalfa hay(Medicabo sativa) as substrate, comparing the effect of two different strains of Candida genre, both isolated from the rumen, on the mentioned substrates. Levica 25(Candida tropicalis) yeast belongs to the culture collection of the Institute of Animal Science, Cuba, and Levazoot 15(Candida norvegensis) yeast is part of the collection of the Faculty of Zootechnology and Ecology of the Autonomous University of Chihuahua, Mexico. Both strains demonstrated their potential in activating the ruminal fermentation. They stimulated(P<0.0001) the ruminal fermentation of the substrates under study. However, the Levazoot strain stimulated the dry matter(DM) fermentation of alfalfa in 21.43%, more than Levica 25. It is concluded that there is an influence of yeast strain and diet on the rumen environment and, therefore, it is important to select the appropriate strain in every production condition.  相似文献   

Conservation of European wild rabbit populations when hunting is age and sex selective     

Carlos Calvete  Elena Angulo 《Biological conservation》2005,121(4):623-634

Several predator species at risk of extinction in Southwestern Europe are dependent on the population density of European wild rabbits Oryctolagus cuniculus. Rabbit populations in the region, however, have recently undergone dramatic decreases in population density, which may be exacerbated by hunting. Current hunting policies set the autumn-winter season, just before the start of rabbit reproduction, as the main hunting season, and previous theoretical models have estimated that the current hunting season may have the greatest negative impact on rabbit abundance and should be changed. We utilised a model for rabbit population dynamics to determine the effects of the timing of hunting during two seasons, summer and autumn, on the tendency of rabbit populations to be over-harvested and on the number of rabbits hunted. This model included field estimates of age- and sex-selection biases of hunting by shotgun. Scenarios with different hunting rates and sex- and age-selection probabilities of hunting were simulated for populations with different turnover levels and with and without compensatory mortality mechanisms. Field estimations showed that hunting in summer was juvenile-biased whereas autumn hunting was juvenile- and male-biased. In contrast to previous findings, our modelling results suggested that hunting in autumn may be the most conservative option for harvesting of rabbit populations, since these populations were more prone to be over-harvested during the summer. The differences between the two seasons in number of rabbits hunted were dependent on population dynamics and hunting sex- and age-selection probabilities. Our findings suggest that altering of current hunting policies would not optimise the exploitation or conservation of wild rabbit populations, but that the latter may be improved by some changes in the timing of hunting.  相似文献