The ECVP/ESVP summer school in veterinary pathology: high-standard, structured training for young veterinary pathologists     

Kipar A  Aleksandersen M  Benazzi C  Hodge T  Sukura A  Wyers M;Education Committee of the ECVP/ESVP 《Journal of veterinary medical education》2007,34(4):485-491

This article describes the ECVP/ESVP Summer School in Veterinary Pathology, a new annual two-week European training facility established by the European College of Veterinary Pathologists (ECVP) in collaboration with the European Society of Veterinary Pathology (ESVP). The aim of the Summer Schools is to provide Europe-wide, harmonized, top-standard theoretical and practical post-graduate training for veterinarians specializing in veterinary pathology. In particular, it aims to support trainees in veterinary pathology in their individual preparation for the ECVP certifying examination. Ultimately, it aims to provide young pathologists with the skills and knowledge necessary to participate in international, high-quality research and the tools for applying international standards to their own research and for independent study for the ECVP certifying examination, even if they do not work in comparable academic environments and do not have the same level of local support and training. The ECVP/ESVP Summer Schools take place in European countries, with local organization from a university department of veterinary pathology. Each event comprises modules provided by internationally recognized specialists in their specific fields of expertise on different organ systems, diseases of specific species, specific techniques, and specific topics relevant to pathology, forming a cycle of four events to cover all major topics. Every two years a mock exam is organized as a tool to monitor individual progress in preparing for the ECVP certifying examination.  相似文献   

Analysis of systematic and genetic effects on the prevalence of primary cataract, persistent pupillary membrane and distichiasis in the two color variants of English Cocker Spaniels in Germany     

Engelhardt A  Stock KF  Hamann H  Brahm R  Grussendorf H  Rosenhagen CU  Distl O 《Berliner und Münchener tier?rztliche Wochenschrift》2007,120(11-12):490-498

Genetic parameters were estimated for prevalences of primary cataract (CAT), persistent pupillary membrane (PPM) and distichiasis (DIST) in 615 single-colored and 617 multi-colored English Cocker Spaniels (ECS) bred in the German kennel club for Spaniels (Jagdspaniel-Klub e.V.). CAT or CAT diagnosed in dogs up to three and a half years of age (early-onset cataract, CAT-early) and CAT diagnosed in dogs over three and a half years of age (late-onset cataract, CAT-late), PPM and DIST were included as binary traits in multivariate genetic analyses. Heritabilities on the underlying liability scale were 0.15 for CAT, 0.34 for CAT-early, 0.13 for CAT-late, 0.46 for PPM, and 0.62 for DIST in single-colored ECS and 0.06 for CAT, 0.13 for CAT-early, 0.14 for CAT-late, 0.10 for PPM, and 0.61 for DIST in multi-colored ECS. There were indications for a different genetic basis of CAT-early and CAT-late in single-colored ECS as genetic correlations were close to zero. In multi-colored ECS, a similar tendency for CAT-early and CAT-late could be observed.  相似文献   

The implementation of the broth microdilution method to determine bacterial susceptibility to antimicrobial agents     

Rocksin A  Gerlach GF  Schwarz S 《Berliner und Münchener tier?rztliche Wochenschrift》2007,120(1-2):42-49

The determination of quantitative data (minimal inhibitory concentrations [MIC values]) using the broth microdilution method is considered the method of choice for in-vitro susceptibility testing of bacterial pathogens. For the inoculation of microtiter plates used in the broth microdilution method, an inoculation density of 5x10(5) CFU/ml has to be achieved according to the CLSI standard. In this study, it was shown that the requested CFU/ml corresponded to an optical density of 0.00027 of a bacterial suspension determined in a spectrophotometer at 625 nm (OD625).The comparison of susceptibility data of clinical isolates determined by agar disk diffusion and, in parallel, by broth microdilution confirmed the comparability of both methods. For most antibiotics the frequency of "very major errors" was below 10%. However, a higher frequency of errors was observed for combinations of antimicrobial agents and bacteria for which no valid breakpoints are available. The comparative testing of cephalothin showed a frequency of"very major errors" of 20.3% for staphylococci and 18.4% for Enterobacteriaceae; for apramycin the frequency of "major errors"was found to be 46.0% for Enterobacteriaceae. The reference strains as recommended in the CLSI Standard M31-S1 should be used for quality assurance.  相似文献   

Multisystemic eosinophilic disease in a standardbred mare combined with generalized lymphadenitis     

Heidrun Gehlena  Anja Cehaka  Z. Bagb  c  P. Stadlera 《Journal of Equine Veterinary Science》2003,23(5):216

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Comparison of three methods for the detection of Potato virus Y in seed potato certification     

Hühnlein  Anja  Drechsler  Nadine  Steinbach  Peter  Thieme  Thomas  Schubert  Jörg 《植物病害和植物保护杂志》2013,120(2):57-69

Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection - Potato virus Y (PVY) is becoming increasingly important in potato growing regions worldwide. The main reason for this is an increase in the incidence of...  相似文献   

Herbivore and pollinator responses to grassland management intensity along experimental changes in plant species richness     

Anika Hudewenz  Alexandra-Maria Klein  Christoph Scherber  Lea Stanke  Teja Tscharntke  Anja Vogel  Alexandra Weigelt  Wolfgang W. Weisser  Anne Ebeling 《Biological conservation》2012,150(1):42-52

Agricultural intensification is a major driver of global environmental change. Disentangling the relative impact of losses in plant species richness and intensified management on higher trophic level organisms is important for conservation recommendations.We established different management regimes along an experimental gradient of plant species richness within “The Jena-Experiment” in Germany and quantified herbivory as well as grasshoppers and pollinators. Herbivory, grasshopper density and species richness and frequency of flower visiting pollinators were recorded two times in each of four subplots of altogether 80 plots differing in plant species richness. Each of the four subplots was subject to four different levels of fertilizer application and mowing to simulate very low, low, high and very high land use intensity.Fertilization and mowing significantly affected plant–herbivore interactions but plant species richness had no discernible effect. Grasshoppers were most abundant at high intensity subplots (3.1 individuals per m²) and least abundant on very low intensity subplots (1.3 individuals per m²). Leaf damage caused by herbivores was highest in even the very high intensity subplots (3.7%) with four mowing events per year and high amounts of fertilizer application and lowest on subplots with a low management intensity (2.4%) comprising two mowing events per year but no fertilizer application. In contrast, pollinators benefited most from lower management intensities, with only one or two mowing events and no fertilizer addition. In addition, higher numbers of flowering plant species and increased blossom cover was associated with enhanced pollinator species richness and flower visitation.Our results indicate that even in grasslands with high plant species richness, mowing and fertilization are more important drivers of herbivory and flower visitation by pollinators. Management with no more than two cuts per year and without fertilizer application in our grasslands balanced the ecosystem functions of increased pollination and decreased herbivory.  相似文献   

Validation of protein and potassium intakes assessed from 24 h recalls against levels estimated from 24 h urine samples in children and adolescents of Turkish descent living in Germany: results from the EVET! Study     

Bokhof B  Buyken AE  Doğan C  Karaboğa A  Kaiser J  Sonntag A  Kroke A 《Public health nutrition》2012,15(4):640-647

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24(S)-Saringosterol Prevents Cognitive Decline in a Mouse Model for Alzheimer’s Disease     

Nikita Martens  Melissa Schepers  Na Zhan  Frank Leijten  Gardi Voortman  Assia Tiane  Ben Rombaut  Janne Poisquet  Nienke van de Sande  Anja Kerksiek  Folkert Kuipers  Johan W. Jonker  Hongbing Liu  Dieter Lütjohann  Tim Vanmierlo  Monique T. Mulder 《Marine drugs》2021,19(4)

We recently found that dietary supplementation with the seaweed Sargassum fusiforme, containing the preferential LXRβ-agonist 24(S)-saringosterol, prevented memory decline and reduced amyloid-β (Aβ) deposition in an Alzheimer’s disease (AD) mouse model without inducing hepatic steatosis. Here, we examined the effects of 24(S)-saringosterol as a food additive on cognition and neuropathology in AD mice. Six-month-old male APPswePS1ΔE9 mice and wildtype C57BL/6J littermates received 24(S)-saringosterol (0.5 mg/25 g body weight/day) (APPswePS1ΔE9 n = 20; C57BL/6J n = 19) or vehicle (APPswePS1ΔE9 n = 17; C57BL/6J n = 19) for 10 weeks. Cognition was assessed using object recognition and object location tasks. Sterols were analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry, Aβ and inflammatory markers by immunohistochemistry, and gene expression by quantitative real-time PCR. Hepatic lipids were quantified after Oil-Red-O staining. Administration of 24(S)-saringosterol prevented cognitive decline in APPswePS1ΔE9 mice without affecting the Aβ plaque load. Moreover, 24(S)-saringosterol prevented the increase in the inflammatory marker Iba1 in the cortex of APPswePS1ΔE9 mice (p < 0.001). Furthermore, 24(S)-saringosterol did not affect the expression of lipid metabolism-related LXR-response genes in the hippocampus nor the hepatic neutral lipid content. Thus, administration of 24(S)-saringosterol prevented cognitive decline in APPswePS1ΔE9 mice independent of effects on Aβ load and without adverse effects on liver fat content. The anti-inflammatory effects of 24(S)-saringosterol may contribute to the prevention of cognitive decline.  相似文献   

Species-specific and generic biomass equations for seedlings and saplings of European tree species     

Peter Annighöfer  Aitor Ameztegui  Christian Ammer  Philippe Balandier  Norbert Bartsch  Andreas Bolte  Lluís Coll  Catherine Collet  Jörg Ewald  Nico Frischbier  Tsegay Gebereyesus  Josephine Haase  Tobias Hamm  Bastian Hirschfelder  Franka Huth  Gerald Kändler  Anja Kahl  Heike Kawaletz  Christian Kuehne  André Lacointe  Na Lin  Magnus Löf  Philippe Malagoli  André Marquier  Sandra Müller  Susanne Promberger  Damien Provendier  Heinz Röhle  Jate Sathornkich  Peter Schall  Michael Scherer-Lorenzen  Jens Schröder  Carolin Seele  Johannes Weidig  Christian Wirth  Heino Wolf  Jörg Wollmerstädt  Martina Mund 《European Journal of Forest Research》2016,135(2):313-329

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Natural FCoV infection: cats with FIP exhibit significantly higher viral loads than healthy infected cats     

Kipar A  Baptiste K  Barth A  Reinacher M 《Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery》2006,8(1):69-72

Natural feline coronavirus (FCoV) infection has been shown to not only induce intestinal infection with viral shedding, but also systemic infection which either remains without clinical signs or leads to feline infectious peritonitis (FIP). As systemic infection is not the key event in the development of FIP, the question arises as to whether a potential difference in viral load might be of importance. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to quantitatively assess feline coronavirus (FCoV) RNA loads in haemolymphatic tissues of healthy, long-term FCoV-infected cats and cats with FIP. In cats that died from FIP, viral loads were significantly higher, indicating a higher rate of viral replication or a reduced capacity for viral clearance in cats developing and/or suffering from FIP.  相似文献