Assessing phytoremediation potentials of selected tropical plants for acrylamide     

Annie Melinda Paz-Alberto  Ma. Johanna J. De Dios  Ronaldo T. Alberto  Gilbert C. Sigua 《Journal of Soils and Sediments》2011,11(7):1190-1198

Purpose  

Environmentally hazardous and health risk substances in animals and humans in the environment have increased as a result of continuing anthropogenic activities. Examples of these activities are food processing, laboratory, food production, industrial, and other relative activities that use various forms of acrylamide. All acrylamide in the environment are manmade. It is the building block for the polymer, polyacrylamide, which is considered to be a nontoxic additive. However, if the polymerization process is not perfect and complete, the polyacrylamide may still contain acrylamide which is toxic and may pose risks and hazards to the environment. Another form of acrylamide that may pose danger as well in the environment is the acrylamide monomer, which is also a very toxic organic substance that could affect the central nervous system of humans and is likely to be carcinogenic. Phytoremediation could be a tool to somehow absorb this neurotoxic agent and lessen the contamination in the soil. This technology could lessen the soil and water contamination by acrylamide thereby limiting the exposure of animals and humans. This study may also help solve the problem of disposing contaminated acrylamide waste materials. This study was conducted to achieve the following objectives: (1) to evaluate phytoremediation potentials of some selected tropical plants in acrylamide-contaminated soil, (2) to compare the performance of tropical plants in absorbing acrylamide through accumulation in their roots and shoots, and (3) to determine the outcome of acrylamide in the soil after treatment using the test plants with phytoremediation potentials.  相似文献   

Field investigations and multi‐indicators for shallow water lagoon management: perspective for societal benefit     

Patrice Brehmer  Thang Do Chi  Thierry Laugier  FRANÇOIS GALGANI  Francis Laloë  Audrey M. Darnaude  Annie Fiandrino  David Mouillot 《水产资源保护:海洋与淡水生态系统》2011,21(7):728-742

Biochemical response in rats to the addition of curry leaf (Murraya koenigii) and mustard seeds (Brassica juncea) to the diet     

Beena A. Khan  Annie Abraham  S. Leelamma 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》1996,49(4):295-299

Three groups with 12 weanling male albino rats were group fed for 90 days on a standard laboratory rat diet plus 20% coconut oil either without a supplement or with the addition of 10% curry leaf or 10% mustard seeds. Feed was offered at a level of 10% body weight. At the end of the trial, measurements were made on the total serum cholesterol, high density lipoproteins, low density lipoproteins, and very low density lipoproteins fractions, release of lipoproteins into the circulation, lecithin cholesterol acyl transferase activity and lipoprotein lipase activity. Feed intake and mean body weight of the rats on each treatment was not significantly different. Both spices resulted in a reduction in total serum cholesterol and LDL+VLDL, an increase in the HDL, lower release of lipoproteins into the circulation and an increase in the LCAT activity.  相似文献   

Plant Regeneration from Citrus Root Meristems     

Annie Sauton  A. Mouras  A. Lutz 《The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology》2013,88(2):227-231

Citrus root meristems, 300 to 500μ long, are able to grow in vitro and sometimes exhibit shoot differentiation spontaneously. Cultured on appropriate media such roots regenerate shoots and complete plants may be obtained.  相似文献   

Immune response following vaccination against Salmonella Enteritidis using 2 commercial bacterins in laying hens     

Tran TQ  Quessy S  Letellier A  Desrosiers A  Boulianne M 《Canadian journal of veterinary research》2010,74(3):185-192

The humoral and cell-mediated immune (CMI) response to 2 commercial killed Salmonella Enteritidis (SE) vaccines (Layermune and MBL SE4C) was evaluated in laying hens. Layers were distributed in 2 experimental groups. The first received a single immunization at 16 wk of age, while the second experimental group was immunized at 12 wk of age and again at 18 wk of age. Serum immunoglobulin (Ig)G antibodies were measured using a commercial SE ELISA kit and showed persistent levels from 3 to 32 and 34 wk post-vaccination. The vaccination protocol using 2 immunizations showed a higher seroconversion level than the single vaccination. However, our results for bacterial intracellular survival indicated that IgG titers were not linked with bacterial killing. Local IgA production was measured in the intestines and oviducts with an in-house SE whole cell antigen ELISA. Only the MBL SE4C vaccine elicited IgA antibody production when tested on intestine and oviduct mucosal secretions, 3-weeks post-vaccination in both immunization protocol groups. To evaluate the CMI response, the splenic T-cells and B-cells populations were analyzed using flow cytometry. The CD3/B-cell ratio decreased 3 wk after the second immunization in the twice vaccinated Layermune group due to an increase in B-cells.  相似文献   

A HPTLC densitometric method for the determination of aloeverose in Aloe vera gel     

Richard Lobo  Kirti S. Prabhu  Arun Shirwaikar  Mamatha Ballal  C. Balachandran  Annie Shirwaikar 《Fitoterapia》2010

Aloe vera gel is a familiar ingredient in a range of widely available and advertisement healthcare and cosmetic products. As to date there are no documented reports on the standardization of A. vera gel and the following study is an attempt in this direction. A. vera gel was evaluated for its aloeverose content for the first time. Aloeverose, was separated on a thin-layer of silica gel by isocratic gradient elution technique was determined by using HPTLC-photodensitometry. The proposed method is simple and sensitive and can be used for the routine assay of aloeverose in phytomedicines containing A. vera gel.  相似文献   

Relationship between P and N concentrations in maize and wheat leaves     

Gilles Bélanger  Annie ClaessensNoura Ziadi 《Field Crops Research》2011,123(1):28-37

Simple plant-based diagnostic tools can be used to determine crop P status. Our objectives were to establish the relationships between P and N concentrations of the uppermost collared leaf (P_L and N_L) of spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and maize (Zea mays L.) during the growing season and, in particular, to determine the critical leaf P concentrations required to diagnose P deficiencies. Various N applications were evaluated over six site-years for wheat and eight site-years for maize (2004-2006) with adequate soil P for growth. Phosphorus and N concentrations of the uppermost collared leaf were determined weekly and the relationships between leaf N and P concentrations were established using only the sampling dates from the stem elongation stage for wheat and from the V8 stage of development for maize. Leaf P concentration generally decreased with decreasing N fertilization. Relationships between P_L and N_L concentrations (mg g⁻¹ DM) using all site-years and sampling dates were described by significant linear-plateau functions in both maize (P_L = 0.82 + 0.089 N_L if N_L ≤ 32.1 and P_L = 3.7 if N_L > 32.1; R² = 0.41; P < 0.001) and wheat (P_L = 0.02 + 0.106 N_L if N_L ≤ 33.2 and P_L = 3.5 if N_L > 33.2; R² = 0.42; P < 0.001). Variation among sampling dates in the relationships were noted. By restricting the sampling dates [413-496 growing degree days (5 °C basis) in wheat (i.e., stem elongation) and 1494-1579 crop heat units in maize (i.e., silking), relationships for wheat (P_L = 0.29 + 0.073 N_L, R² = 0.66; P < 0.001) and maize (P_L = 1.04 + 0.084 N_L, R² = 0.66; P < 0.001) were improved. In maize, expressing P and N concentrations on a leaf area basis (P_LA and N_LA) at silking further improved the relationship (P_LA = 0.002 + 0.101 N_LA, R² = 0.80; P < 0.001). Predictive models of critical P concentration as a function of N concentration in the uppermost collared leaf of wheat and maize were established which could be used for diagnostic purposes.  相似文献   

A novel murrel Channa striatus mitochondrial manganese superoxide dismutase: gene silencing,SOD activity,superoxide anion production and expression     

Jesu Arockiaraj  Rajesh Palanisamy  Prasanth Bhatt  Venkatesh Kumaresan  Annie J. Gnanam  Mukesh Pasupuleti  Marimuthu Kasi 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》2014,40(6):1937-1955

We have reported the molecular characterization including gene silencing, superoxide activity, superoxide anion production, gene expression and molecular characterization of a mitochondrial manganese superoxide dismutase (mMnSOD) from striped murrel Channa striatus (named as CsmMnSOD). The CsmMnSOD polypeptide contains 225 amino acids with a molecular weight of 25 kDa and a theoretical isoelectric point of 8.3. In the N-terminal region, CsmMnSOD carries a mitochondrial targeting sequence and a superoxide dismutases (SOD) Fe domain (28–109), and in C-terminal region, it carries another SOD Fe domain (114–220). The CsmMnSOD protein sequence shared significant similarity with its homolog of MnSOD from rock bream Oplegnathus fasciatus (96 %). The phylogenetic analysis showed that the CsmMnSOD fell in the clade of fish mMnSOD group. The monomeric structure of CsmMnSOD possesses 9 α-helices (52.4 %), 3 β-sheets (8.8 %) and 38.8 % random coils. The highest gene expression was noticed in liver, and its expression was inducted with fungal (Aphanomyces invadans) and bacterial (Aeromonas hydrophila) infections. The gene silencing results show that the fish that received dsRNA exhibited significant (P < 0.05) changes in expression when compared to their non-injected and fish physiological saline-injected controls. The SOD activity shows that the activity increases with the spread of infection and decreases once the molecule controls the pathogen. The capacity of superoxide anion production was determined by calculating the granular blood cell count during infection in murrel. It shows that the infection influenced the superoxide radical production which plays a major role in killing the pathogens. Overall, this study indicated the defense potentiality of CsmMnSOD; however, further research is necessary to explore its capability at protein level.  相似文献   

Xylogenesis in black spruce: does soil temperature matter?     

Lupi C  Morin H  Deslauriers A  Rossi S 《Tree physiology》2012,32(1):74-82

In boreal ecosystems, an increase in soil temperature can stimulate plant growth. However, cambium phenology in trees was better explained by air than soil temperature, which suggested that soil temperature is not the main limiting factor affecting xylogenesis. Since soil temperature and snowmelt are correlated to air temperature, the question whether soil temperature directly limits xylogenesis in the stem will remain unresolved without experiments disentangling air and soil temperatures. This study investigated the effects of an increase of 4 °C in soil temperature and a consequent 1-week earlier snowmelt on growth of black spruce [Picea mariana (Mill.) BSP] in the boreal forest of Quebec, Canada. The soil of two natural stands at different altitudes was warmed up with heating cables during 2008-2010 and cambial phenology and xylem production were monitored weekly from April to October. The results showed no significant effect of the treatment on the phenological phases of cell enlargement and wall thickening and lignification. The number of cells produced in the xylem also did not differ between control and heated trees. These findings allowed the hypothesis of a direct influence of soil temperature on stem growth to be rejected and supported the evidence that, in the short term, air temperature is the main limiting factor for xylogenesis in trees of these environments.  相似文献   

Optimization of in-house ELISA based on recombinant major sperm protein (rMSP) of Dictyocaulus viviparus for the detection of lungworm infection in cattle     

Goździk K  Engström A  Höglund J 《Research in veterinary science》2012,93(2):813-818

The aim of this study was to optimize an in-house ELISA based on a recombinant version of the major sperm protein (MSP) of Dictyocaulus viviparus for routine diagnosis of lungworm infection in cattle. A recombinant MSP (rMSP) was cloned into pGEX-6P-1 vector and expressed as a glutathione-S-transferase (GST) fusion protein in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) chemically competent cells. The product was then employed as capture antigen in an ELISA, and validated against 304 samples of known status (216 negative and 88 positive) in which the antibody levels in sera had also been measured earlier with a commercial ELISA kit (Ceditest® lungworm ELISA). The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis of the ELISA results estimated the optimized diagnostic sensitivity and specificity as 97.7% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 91.9–99.7%) and 98.1% (CI: 95.3–99.5%), respectively. The results from the in-house rMSP-based ELISA were compared with results obtained on both fecal examination and the Ceditest® lungworm ELISA. Rising antibody levels in sera of experimentally infected calves were observed between 21 and 28 days post infection, when patency was also confirmed by the presence of larvae in feces. Notably, using the in-house rMSP-based ELISA infection was confirmed in calves shedding larvae approximately 3–4 weeks post inoculation, while using the Ceditest® lungworm ELISA those animals remained negative. Additionally, 251 sera samples from calves naturally exposed to the parasites on pasture were used to evaluate the test. In in-house rMSP-based ELISA no cross-reactions were observed with sera from calves infected with the gastrointestinal nematodes (Ostertagia ostertagi and Cooperia oncophora), even though the presence of eggs in the feces was confirmed. Overall, the in-house rMSP-based ELISA optimized in this study showed excellent diagnostic performance for detection of lungworm infection in cattle.  相似文献