Hypertension and blood pressure among meat eaters,fish eaters,vegetarians and vegans in EPIC-Oxford     

Appleby PN  Davey GK  Key TJ 《Public health nutrition》2002,5(5):645-654

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EPIC-Oxford: lifestyle characteristics and nutrient intakes in a cohort of 33 883 meat-eaters and 31 546 non meat-eaters in the UK     

Davey GK  Spencer EA  Appleby PN  Allen NE  Knox KH  Key TJ 《Public health nutrition》2003,6(3):259-269

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A Model of the Impact of Winter Ice Cover on Pollutant Concentrations and Fluxes in Mountain Lakes     

Piliposian  G. T.  Appleby  P. G. 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2003,144(1-4):101-115

High mountain lakes have been used in a number of recentstudies concerned with measuring and modelling the dynamicresponse of remote ecosystems to environmental change (theAL:PE, MOLAR and EMERGE projects). One of the importantfeatures that distinguishes these lakes from lowland lakes atsimilar latitudes is fact that they may be isolated from theatmosphere for six months or more during the winter by a thickice cover. Pollutants deposited during the winter are lockedup in the ice and snow and released only during the springthaw. These processes generate a very strong seasonalvariation of pollutant concentrations in the water column, andfluxes through the water column to the sediment record. Thisarticle presents a mathematical model of these processes, anduses the model to assess data on fluxes and concentrations offallout radionuclides in the water column of Redó Lake in theSpanish Pyrenees. Using fallout ²¹⁰Pb as a tracer, themodel results show that concentrations in the water columnimmediately after ice melt are enhanced by a factor of up to70%. Fluxes through the watercolumn show a similar patternto the empirical results, though the theoretical values tendto be a little more conservative. By comparing fluxes throughthe water column with the measured atmospheric flux it isestimated that between 4–6% of annual fallout of ²¹⁰Pbonto the catchment of Redó is delivered to the lake, and that the mean ²¹⁰Pb residence time in the catchment is between 500–750 yr.  相似文献   

Oviduct magnum tumours in the domestic fowl and their association with laying     

A D Anjum  L N Payne  E C Appleby 《The Veterinary record》1989,125(2):42-43

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Welfare challenges in sow housing     

Appleby MC 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》2005,226(8):1334-1336

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Hypertrophic pulmonary osteoarthropathy in an orang-utan (Pongo pygmaeus)     

J M Hime  I F Keymer  E C Appleby 《The Veterinary record》1972,91(14):334-337

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The teaching of poultry diseases     

J N Ritchie  E C Appleby 《The British veterinary journal》1970,126(1):12-14

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Longevity of Mycobacterium bovis in brushtail possum (Trichosurus vulpecula) carcasses,and contact rates between possums and carcasses     

MC Barron  RP Pech  J Whitford  IJ Yockney  GW de Lisle  G Nugent 《New Zealand veterinary journal》2013,61(5):209-217

Abstract

AIM: To determine, for a variety of environmental conditions, how long Mycobacterium bovis might remain viable inside the carcass of a brushtail possum (Trichosurus vulpecula) that died of bovine tuberculosis (Tb), and to measure the rate of contact between free-ranging possums and possum carcasses.

METHODS: Lesions of M. bovis were simulated by inoculating excised spleens weighing 0.5–1 g with 0.2 mL liquid culture containing approximately 5 x 10⁷ cfu M. bovis/mL. Simulated lesions were inserted into possum carcasses (n=48) at the peripheral lymph nodes. Carcasses were placed in the field at two sites (a tussock grassland and a podocarp-broadleaved forest site) and in two seasons (summer and winter) for up to 62 days. Survival rates of M. bovis were estimated by sampling the simulated lesions over time, and culturing the recovered lesion to determine if any viable M. bovis bacteria were present.

The time taken for a free-ranging possum to first encounter a dead possum in its home range was estimated by live-trapping possums and fitting them with proximity loggers (n=13). A ‘contact’ was recorded if these possums came within 40–50 cm of proximity loggers fitted to possum carcasses.

RESULTS: There were strong seasonal and site effects in the survival rate of M. bovis in possum carcasses. In the grassland habitat, no viable bacilli were cultured from any carcass after 3 days in summer, whereas in winter all samples were culture-positive for the first 20 days, and some were still positive after 27 days. The survival rates for forest habitat were intermediate between the results for grassland, and there were no culture-positive carcasses after 9 days in summer or 27 days in winter.

In summer, infected carcasses (n=6) were first encountered by possums a mean 1.9 (range 0.4–6.7) days after placement.

CONCLUSIONS: Possum carcasses were contacted by free-ranging possums within the period that viable M. bovis were shown to survive in a carcass. The risk of such infection is likely to be most significant in winter or in areas with microhabitats where the survival of M. bovis is high. However, the generally low survival rate of M. bovis in possum carcasses and the low frequency of possum-to-carcass contacts indicate this route of transmission alone could not maintain Tb in a possum population.  相似文献   

Re: Advances in animal welfare in New Zealand     

MC Morris  SA Weaver 《New Zealand veterinary journal》2013,61(5)

Extract

The review article which appeared in the Jubilee Issue of the New Zealand Veterinary Journal (Stafford et al 2002) provided a good summary of recent research into the animal suffering associated with normal farming practices and pest control. In many cases, such research has been helpful in making improvements to animal welfare regulations, and the knowledge gained may prove even more useful in making further beneficial changes during the current submission round on codes of ethical conduct.  相似文献   

Nasal infection with Scedosporium apiospermum in a dog     

MG Coleman  MC Robson 《New Zealand veterinary journal》2013,61(1):81-83

CASE HISTORY: A 2-year-old female Siberian Husky was presented with a 6-month history of sneezing and mucous discharge from the right nostril.

CLINICAL FINDINGS: Reduced airflow through the right nostril was evident. Radiographs showed subtle loss of detail of turbinates within the right nasal chamber. Rhinoscopy revealed swollen and erythematous turbinates and a white mass within the caudal aspect of the right nasal cavity. Histopathologically, there was a heavy mixed inflammatory infiltrate in the submus- cosa of the right turbinate, and the presence of fungal hyphae and spores in the white mass. A heavy growth of Scedosporium apiospermum was cultured from the mass.

DIAGNOSIS: Chronic rhinitis of the right nasal cavity and infection with S. apiospermum.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE: This is the first reported case of S. apiospermum isolated from the nasal cavity of a dog in New Zealand. Fungal culture is necessary to differentiate this fungus from Aspergillus spp.  相似文献