排序方式： 共有57条查询结果，搜索用时 218 毫秒
51.
Loste A Ramos JJ Ferrer LM Climent S Latre MV 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》2006,47(12):1208-1209
A 9-year old, Rasa Aragonesa ewe was presented with a left-sided, facial, soft fluctuant swelling. The postmortem examination showed grass awns filling the entire length of the parotid gland duct. The presence of parotid duct obstruction with Horner's syndrome, previously unreported in sheep, is discussed. 相似文献
52.
María-Pilar Sánchez-Sánchez Araceli Martín-Illana Roberto Ruiz-Caro Paulina Bermejo María-José Abad Rubén Carro Luis-Miguel Bedoya Aitana Tamayo Juan Rubio Anxo Fernández-Ferreiro Francisco Otero-Espinar María-Dolores Veiga 《Marine drugs》2015,13(9):5976-5992
Vaginal formulations for the prevention of sexually transmitted infections are currently gaining importance in drug development. Polysaccharides, such as chitosan and carrageenan, which have good binding capacity with mucosal tissues, are now included in vaginal delivery systems. Marine polymer-based vaginal mucoadhesive solid formulations have been developed for the controlled release of acyclovir, which may prevent the sexual transmission of the herpes simplex virus. Drug release studies were carried out in two media: simulated vaginal fluid and simulated vaginal fluid/simulated seminal fluid mixture. The bioadhesive capacity and permanence time of the bioadhesion, the prepared compacts, and compacted granules were determined ex vivo using bovine vaginal mucosa as substrate. Swelling processes were quantified to confirm the release data. Biocompatibility was evaluated through in vitro cellular toxicity assays, and the results showed that acyclovir and the rest of the materials had no cytotoxicity at the maximum concentration tested. The mixture of hydroxyl-propyl-methyl-cellulose with chitosan- or kappa-carrageenan-originated mucoadhesive systems that presented a complete and sustained release of acyclovir for a period of 8–9 days in both media. Swelling data revealed the formation of optimal mixed chitosan/hydroxyl-propyl-methyl-cellulose gels which could be appropriated for the prevention of sexual transmission of HSV. 相似文献
53.
Atmir Romero-Pérez Elizabeth García-García Araceli Zavaleta-Mancera J. Efren Ramírez-Bribiesca Alma Revilla-Vázquez Luz M. Hernández-Calva Raquel López-Arellano Rosy G. Cruz-Monterrosa 《Veterinary research communications》2010,34(1):71-79
Sodium selenite is used to prevent selenium deficiency known as nutritional muscular dystrophy or white muscle disease. In
ruminants, selenium supplements are transformed partiality in insoluble form by ruminal microorganisms and its process decrease
the selenium absorption in digestive gastrointestinal. However, the objective in this research was focused in encapsulated
sodium selenite to be release into of a pH less than four, similarity to an intestinal environment. It was encapsulated by
nanoprecipitation and emulsion–evaporation methods, within polymeric nanoparticles. The effect of these methods, polymer proportion
(Eudragit RL and RS) and solvent (ethanol and acetone) on the physicochemical (drug entrapment, polidispersity index (PDI)
and z potential) and morphological characteristics (particle morphology and particle size) were evaluated. Particle size from
each nanoparticles, formulation ranged from 36.64 to 213.86 nm. Particle size, z potential and PDI increased (P ≤ 0.01) when
nanoprecipitation and ethanol were used. No significant differences (P > 0.05) were observed when different polymeric proportions
were used. Selenium entrapment was 26% when emulsion–evaporation method was used and 78% with nanoprecipitation. Nanoparticles
produced by nanoprecipitation were spherical and had a great variation in particle size; on the other hand, nanoparticles
produced by emulsion–evaporation were spherical as well as amorphous and presented a homogeneous nanopartcicle size distribution.
The release of selenium from nanoparticles was higher in acid pH (less than 4), this condition may represent a better availability
of the mineral in the small intestine. 相似文献
54.
Following activation of granulocytes, L-selectin (CD62L) is generally shed from the cellular surface, whereas Mac-1 (CD11b/CD18) expression is well known to increase. However, a number of studies in bovines and humans show that the expression of L-selectin may increase as well. This urged us to examine the possible existence of both L-selectin and Mac-1 reservoirs in bovine neutrophil and eosinophil populations through the use of flow cytometry in combination with an optimized method for cell membrane permeabilization. Augmented L-selectin and Mac-1 expression was detected in both granulocyte populations upon saponin treatment. Confocal microscopic studies indicated that both molecules exhibit a different pattern of subcellular localization. Incubation with sialidase revealed the existence of hidden L-selectin epitopes at the cell surface, while no additional Mac-1 epitopes were exposed. Platelet-activating factor stimulation decreased surface and total expression of L-selectin to the same extent in both populations, but solely affected Mac-1 surface expression on eosinophils. Moreover, cytoskeletal actin filaments and microtubules were found to be involved in the regulation of Mac-1 surface expression on bovine neutrophils and eosinophils. In marked contrast, expression of L-selectin was minimally affected by cytoskeleton perturbing agents. The present study indicates that L-selectin and Mac-1 adhesion molecules reside in distinctly located reservoirs in bovine granulocytes and can be selectively mobilized upon in vitro stimulation. 相似文献
55.
Increased incidence of clinical mastitis in high-yielding cows during early lactation has been attributed to a depressed functional capacity of the immune system. Sympathoadrenal factors are known to play an important role in modulating the host susceptibility and resistance to infectious diseases. Of primary importance in combating acute intramammary infections are polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN), as they represent one of the early lines of immunological defense. The release of stress hormones at parturition and during the first weeks of lactation has been proposed to partly contribute to the impaired function of PMN. Here, we summarize the current understanding of the stress-induced peripheral effectors, i.e. the limbs of the sympathetic system and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, on PMN function around parturition and during coliform mastitis. The questions as to whether and how stress induced secretion of glucocorticoids and catecholamines might affect the lactating dairy cow's udder health will be addressed. 相似文献
56.
Jesús Hernndez Eneida Soto-Canevett Araceli Pinelli-Saavedra Mnica Resendiz Silvia Y. Moya-Camarena Kirk C. Klasing 《Veterinary immunology and immunopathology》2009,131(1-2):9-16
In order to analyze the effect of vitamin E on Th1 and Th2 cytokine production, porcine peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were isolated from healthy pigs (n = 8) and cultured with either 0, 10, 50, or 100 μM of vitamin E (α-tocopherol). PBMC were stimulated with PHA for either, 24 h to determine: (a) the concentration of tocopherol incorporated into the cell membrane, (b) cytokine production and (c) Th1 and Th2 regulators gene expression; or 72 h to determine the proliferation of PBMC. Vitamin E was incorporated into the PBMC in a dose dependent manner, giving as a result a high proliferation of cells irrespective of the dose of vitamin E used. Regarding cytokine production, vitamin E consistently decreases the mRNA expression and the percentage of cells producing IL-10. Vitamin E did not influence the production of IFN-γ but the lowest level of vitamin E (10 μM) was sufficient to maximally increase the proportion of cells producing IL-2, to diminish IL-4, and discreetly increase the mRNA expression of TBX21 vs. GATA3. In conclusion, our results revealed that vitamin E is able to suppress IL-10 production and to influence the production of IL-2, IL-4, and maybe TBX21. Vitamin E clearly has immunomodulatory effects, though further work in vivo to determine the physiological nature of these effects is warranted. 相似文献
57.
Evaluation of the role of endotoxin and cortisol on modulation of CD18 adhesion receptors in cows with mastitis caused by Escherichia coli. 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
E Roets C Burvenich A Diez-Fraile E N Noordhuizen-Stassen 《American journal of veterinary research》1999,60(5):534-540
OBJECTIVE: To determine the effect of mastitis caused by Escherichia coli on expression of CD18 cell surface receptors and to evaluate the involvement and regulation of receptors by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and cortisol. ANIMALS: 11 clinically normal lactating Holstein-Friesian cows. PROCEDURE: Binding of CD18 monoclonal antibodies to neutrophils was studied, using flow cytometry, before and after intramammary inoculation of E. coli organisms. Effect of LPS and cortisol on expression of adhesion receptors was investigated, using a whole-blood model. RESULTS: Expression of CD18 adhesion receptors on bovine neutrophils increased 35% by 12 hours after intramammary inoculation of E. coli. By 24 hours after inoculation, the number of receptors had returned to control values. High cortisol concentrations (100 nmol/L) were seen 12 to 18 hours after inoculation. Addition of LPS to blood induced a 30% increase in the number of CD18 receptors, and maximal number of receptors was expressed at an LPS concentration of 0.1 ng/ml. A decrease in the number of CD18 receptors was induced by incubation with cortisol or dexamethasone before challenge-exposure with LPS. CONCLUSIONS: An increase in the number of CD18 receptors on neutrophils is mediated by local production of LPS. Subsequent endogenous release of cortisol may prevent additional increases in the number of receptors. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: During acute mastitis caused by E. coli, there is an increase in the number of CD18 receptors on circulating neutrophils. Cortisol induces a decrease in the number of CD18 receptors, probably modulating the acute inflammatory response in mammary glands of lactating cows. 相似文献